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Licensing and You
Chris Tankersley
@dragonmantank
MidwestPHP 2015
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Who Am I?
●Chris Tankersley
●A PHP Developer for 10 Years
●Been Interested in Copyright/Licensing for a long time
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First, Some Housekeeping
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First
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IANAL
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Second
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Third
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All Hail The One True Editor
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And Fourth
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Here Be Dragons
Lucha! Lucha! Lucha!
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Here Be Dragons
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</housekeeping>
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Licenses
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Licenses
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A Quick Detour - Copyright
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What is Copyright?
“Copyright is a legal concept, enacted by most governments, that grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights to its use and distribution, usually for a limited time, with the intention of enabling the creator of intellectual wealth (e.g. the
photographer of a photograph or the author of a book) to receive compensation for their work and be able to financially support themselves.
Copyright is a form of intellectual property (as patents, trademarks and trade secrets are), applicable to any expressible form of an idea or information that is substantive and discrete.[1] It is often shared, then percentage holders are commonly called
rightsholders: legally, contractually and in associated "rights" business functions.[citation needed] Generally rightsholdershave "the right to copy", but also the right to be credited for the work, to determine who may adapt the work to other forms,
who may perform the work, who may financially benefit from it, and other related rights.”
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Copyright is Important
Only the Copyright Holder can set a license on software
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Copyright stays around
“The duration of copyright in these works is generally computed the same way as for works created on or after
January 1, 1978: life plus 70 years or 95 or 120 years, depending on the nature of authorship. However, all works in
this category are guaranteed at least 25 years of statutory protection.”
www.copyright.gov/circs/circ15a.pdf
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Or maybe even longer
• Joint auther it lasts 70 years after last surviving author
• Works made for Hire last 95 after publication or 120 years after creation
• Anonymous works are protected like Works for Hire
www.copyright.gov/circs/circ15a.pdf
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The Employment Trap
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Licenses
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Another Detour - Vocabulary
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Gratis vs Libre
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Gratis, or „Free as in Beer“
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Libre, or „Freedom“
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Libre, or „Freedom“
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Not mutually exclusive
• Libre != No Cost
• Gratis != Completely Restricted
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Licenses
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What Is a License?
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Many Different Kinds
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Propriety Software Licensing
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Getting Source != Open Source
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Open Source Licensing
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Freedom (Mostly)
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Freedom (Mostly)
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Copyleft Licenses
A type of license that makes the software free and requires all modifications and extensions to be free
as well
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●GNU GPL
●Creative Commons ShareAlike
●Public Domain
Examples
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Permissive Licenses
Very few distribution restrictions
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Examples
●BSD License
●MIT License
●Pretty much anything not GPL
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Which To Choose?
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It Depends
●Copyleft makes sure your code is always stays free
●Permissive is more developer friendly
●http://opensource.org/licenses
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Specific Licenses
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GPL
• Three different versions, most common is v2
• Changes must be made available at distribution
• Viral
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BSD
• Four versions
• Very minimal restrictions
• Compatible with the GPL
• Compatible with proprietary software
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Public Domain
• Don’t use it
• Not recognized the same around the world
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Don’t be a Dick License
• Created by Phil Sturgeon
• Not really an Open Source license, no matter what he says
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Creative Commons
• Great for non-software stuff like images or
written works
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The PHP License
• Only valid for PHP Core and Extensions
• Don’t use for your code
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Dual Licensing
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You can combine licenses!
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Questions?
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Thanks!
@dragonmantank
dragonmantank (freenode)
https://joind.in/13070
MidwestPHP 2015
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