IT Advance for Post Foundation

1 ITAD 1100 Advanced IT Skills

SULTANATE OF OMAN

MINISTRY OF MANPOWER

COLLEGES OF TECHNOLOGY

COURSE MATERIAL

ADVANCED IT SKILLS ITAD 1100

DEPARTMENT OF IT


Table of Contents Course Overview

a. Course Description 6

b. Course Objectives 6

c. Course Outcomes 7

d. Timeframe 7

e. Resources 7

f. Margin Icons 8

Chapter 1 – E LEARNING 10

Objectives

1.1 Introduction 10

1.2 What is eLearning 10

1.3 Why eLearning 11

1.4 ELearning Advantages / Disadvantages 11

1.4.1 Advantages

1.4.2 Disadvantages

1.5 Levels of ELearning 11

1.5.1 Knowledge Database

1.5.2 Online Support

1.5.3 Synchronous Training

1.5.4 Asynchronous Training

1.6 The eLearning Portal 12

1.6.1 Moodle

1.6.2 Your ELearning Environment 13

1.6.3 Moodle Screen Elements 14

1.6.4 Activities & Resources

1.7 Best Practices in Internet 20

1.7.1 Posting or Writing a message

1.7.2 Netiquette of sending

1.7.3 Netiquette for Replying

1.8 Internet for Self Directed Learning 21

1.8.1 Internet Support 21

1.8.2 Searching and Retrieving 21

1.8.3 Web Page Ranking 23

1.8.4 Other Popular Online Support 23

Chapter Summary 24

Additional Sources 24

Assignments 24

Lab Exercises 25

References


Chapter 2 – Desktop Publishing

Objectives 26

2.1 Introduction 26

2.2 Common software in desktop publishing 27

2.3 Popular Publication Types 27

2.4 Creating Publications 28

2.4.1 Accessing 28

2.4.2 Getting Started 28

2.4.3 Work Space 30

2.4.4 Tabs 30

2.4.5 Adding & Formatting text boxes 31

2.4.6 Drop Caps 31

2.4.7 Character Spacing 32

2.4.8 Adding images 32

2.4.9 Clip Art & Word Art 33

2.4.10 Save. Exit and Open 34

2.5 Creating Business Cards 36

2.6 Creating Calendars 39

2.7 Creating Brochures 40

2.8 Creating Flyers 43

Chapter Summary 45

Additional Sources

Assignments

Lab Exercises

References

Chapter 3 – Web Applications 50

Objectives

3.1 Introduction 50

3.2 Tool & Software used for Web Development 51

3.3 Planning for a Web Site 51

3.4 MS Expression Web 52

3.4.1 Starting MS Expression Web 4 52

3.4.2 MS Expression Web 4 Interface 53

3.5 Creating Web Pages 55


3.5.1 Browser Compatibility 57

3.5.2 Views of a Webpage 58

3.6 Insert Images 59

3.7 Using Tables 60

3.8 Add Hyper links 62

3.9 HTML Forms 66

3.9.1 Form Controls

3.9.2 Adding form elements

3.10 More About Layers 72

3.11 Creating Sites 74

3.12 Frames 75

3.13 Interactive Buttons 80

Chapter Summary 83

Additional Sources 83

Assignments 83

Lab Exercises 89

References 92

Chapter 4 – Advanced Spreadsheets 93

Objectives 4.1 Introduction 93

4.2 MS Excel 2010 Interface 94

4.2.1 WorkSheets & Workbooks 95

4.2.2 Basic Editing 95

4.2.3 Freezing Row/Column 95

4.2.4 Hide / Unhide 95

4.2.5 Formulas and Functions 96

4.3 Mathematical Functions 97

4.3.1 Pi, rand, Roman 97

4.3.2 Abs, Sign, Even, Odd, Int 98

4.3.3 Product, Quotient, Sqrt, Fact, Mod 99

4.3.4 Sumif, SumProduct 100

4.3.5 Ceiling, Mround, , Round, RoundDown, RoundUp, 102

4.4 Statistical Functions

4.4.1 CountA, CountBlank, CountIf 104

4.4.2 Max, Min, Mode, Median 105

4.5 Logical Functions

4.5.1 True / False 108

4.5.2 And / Or / Not 108

4.5.3 If , nested if 109

4.6 Lookup and Reference

4.6.1 Row, Column 110

4.6.2 Lookup 110

4.7 Date and Time

4.7.1 Today & Now 111

4.7.2 Month, Day, Year, Weekday and Weeknum 111

4.7.3 Time, Hour, Minute and Second 112

Additional Sources


Chapter Summary

Assignments

Lab Exercises

References

Chapter 5 – Databases

Objectives 118 5.1 Introduction 118

5.2 Database Components 119

5.2.1 Field 119

5.2.2 Record 119

5.2.3 Table 119

5.2.4 Database 119

5.2.5 Relationships 119

5.2.6 Keys 119

5.2.7 Rationalization and Redundancy 120

5.3 Data Types 120

5.4 Table Design 121

5.5 MS Access 2010 122

5.5.1 Getting Started 122

5.5.2 The Access Database 124

5.5.3 WorkSpace 124

5.6 Creating your own database 129

5.7 Table relationships 133

5.7.1 Defining a relationship 134

5.8 Queries 138

5.9 Forms 144

5.10 Reports 151

Chapter Summary 155

Additional Sources

Assignments/Group Activity 155

Lab Exercises/Case Studies/Problem solving 155

References 161


Course Overview

a. Course Description

Advance IT skills course comprises of topics such as Desktop Publishing, Web

Page creation, Advanced Spread Sheets and Databases. Chapter 1 introduces a

student to the world of elearning supported in their own infrastructure and

helps them to learn more about using internet for elearning practices. Chapter 2

helps the students to create professional posters, flyers, calendars etc with the

help of desktop publishing. Chapter 3 introduces a student to world of web

pages and how to create professional web pages using prominent software MS

Expression Web 4. Chapter 4 explains about the use of MS excel as spread

sheet and then discuss about the main formulas used. Chapter 5 covers one of

the prominent databases – MS access.

b. Course Objectives

The course builds on the skills acquired in the IT foundation course to train

students on important computer tools and software applications such as desktop

publishing, web applications, advanced spreadsheets, and databases.

Throughout the semester, students have been actively utilizing the e-learning

infrastructure of the college.


c. Course Outcomes:

d. Time Frame :

How long?

The expected duration of this course is from _____ weeks/Hours

Formal study time is required is ______ weeks/Hours

Self-study time is expected/recommended is ______ weeks/Hours

e. Resources: E Learning Portal, Internet Tools

MS Publisher MS Expression Web 4 MS Excel

MS Access

1. Demonstrate their ability to use the e-learning portal;

2. Design publications using a publishing software and design tools;

3. Develop web applications using a web development software;

4. Use advanced functions in spreadsheets

5. Develop databases.


f. Margin Icons:

Activity Assessment Assignment Case study Objectives

Discussion Group activity Help Note it! Basic Competence

Outcomes Reading Reflection Study skills Answers to Assessments

Summary Terminology Time Tip

Computer-Based Learning Audio Video Feedback



Chapter 1 : E Learning

Objectives

At the end of this module, the students will be able to:

Define e-Learning,

Know Advantages & Disadvantages of ELearning,

Explore the e-Learning environment used by your college,

Learn to Upload an Assignment, Take a Quiz , Download a File etc

Understand Netiquette

Understand online support for SDL

1.1 Introduction

E-learning is essentially the computer and network-enabled transfer of skills,

information and knowledge. E-learning applications and processes include Web-based

learning, computer-based learning, virtual classroom opportunities and digital

collaboration.

E-learning was first called "Internet-Based Training" then "Web-Based Training".

Today you will still find these terms being used, along with variations of e-learning

such as elearning, Elearning, and eLearning.

1.2 What is E-learning?

E-learning allows you to learn anywhere and usually at any time, as long as you have a

properly configured computer. E-learning is a structured, purposeful use of electronic

systems or computers in support of the learning process.

E-learning provides education via the Internet, network, or standalone computer. It

includes the delivery of content via Internet, Intranet/Extranet , audio-videotape,

satellite broadcast, interactive TV, and CD-ROM. It can include text, video, audio,

animation and virtual environments. It can be a very rich learning experience that can

even surpass the level of training you might experience in a crowded classroom.

1.3 Why ELearning

E-learning is an excellent option in education, particularly when there are hindrances

to traditional learning situations. For example, some people wish to continue their

educations but do not live within driving distance of a college or university and don't

find it feasible to relocate. E-learning is available alternative for these students. Many

students just do not learn well in a traditional learning environment, but thrive in a

more flexible setting. Some choose full-time enrollment in a virtual school, while

others use e-learning to supplement a home school curriculum. In the business world,

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/I/Internet.html

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/N/network.html

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/computer.html


e-learning provides a way for companies to train and instruct employees without

requiring them to travel to a central location.

1.4 E-Learning Advantages / Disadvantages

1.4.1 Advantages

Convenience is one of the major advantages of e-learning. It allows

students to work and learn at their own pace without the unyielding time

restrictions of traditional learning. Because e-learning provides access to

learning materials at any time, students have the flexibility to schedule

around families, jobs and other activities.

Another major benefit of e-learning is the accessibility it provides. Students

can learn from anywhere in the world. This is an especially important

consideration for students who wish to study in a different country. In

addition, because e-learning can be done from home, it is more economical

when compared to traditional learning.

1.4.2 Disadvantages

A major disadvantage to e-learning is the self-discipline it requires. While

being able to work at your own pace can be an advantage, it can also be a

disadvantage. This is especially true for students who have difficulty with

time management and procrastination. These students tend to be more

successful with the structure of traditional learning.

Another disadvantage to e-learning is the technology involved. Some

people do not have ready access to a computer and Internet connection.

And some who do have the required equipment feel ill-equipped to use it.

Lack of interaction between teacher and student is another drawback to e-

learning.

1.5 Levels of E-Learning

E-learning falls into four categories, from the very basic to the very advanced. The

categories are:

1. Knowledge databases

2. Online support

3. Asynchronous training

4. Synchronous training

1.5.1 Knowledge databases -- While not necessarily seen as actual training, these

databases are the most basic form of e-learning. This offers indexed explanations and

guidance for software questions, along with step-bystep instructions for performing

specific tasks. These are usually moderately interactive, meaning that you can either

type in a key word or phrase to search the database, or make a selection from an

alphabetical list.

1.5.2 Online support -- Online support is also a form of e-learning and functions in a

similar manner to knowledge databases. Online support comes in the form of forums,


chat rooms, online bulletin boards, e-mail, or live instant-messaging support. Slightly

more interactive than knowledge databases, online support offers the opportunity for

more specific questions and answers, as well as more immediate answers.

1.5.3 Asynchronous training -- This is e-learning in the more traditional sense of the

word. It involves self-paced learning, either CD-ROM-based, Intranet-based or

Internet-based. It may include access to instructors through online bulletin boards,

online discussion groups and e- mail. Or, it may be totally self-contained with links to

reference materials in place of a live instructor.

1.5.4 Synchronous training -- Synchronous training is done in real-time with a live

instructor facilitating the training. Everyone logs in at a set time and can communicate

directly with the instructor and with each other. You can raise your cyber hand and

even view the cyber whiteboard. It lasts for a set amount of time -- from a single

session to several weeks, months or even years. This type of training usually takes

place via Internet Web sites, audio- or video-conferencing, Internet telephony, or even

two-way live broadcasts to students in a classroom.

1.6 The E-Learning Portal

The E-Learning Portal is an online support and a virtual learning environment where

students can find online resource of their courses including lecture materials, study

notes, discussion boards, and many more. This chapter presents the different practical

activities in the e-learning portal such as using forums, e-assessment, uploading and

downloading materials, and producing electronic materials.

1.6.1 Moodle

E Learning is supported with a software called Moodle which is customized for

each college.

Some elearning WebSites

Moodle is an Open Source Course Management System (CMS), also known as

a Learning Management System (LMS) or a Virtual Learning Environment


(VLE). It has become very popular among educators around the world as a tool

for creating online dynamic web sites for their students.

In general the functionalities remain the same and the tasks explained here can

be done in any elearning website of the Colleges of Technology.

1.6.2 Your eLearning environment.

Visit your college website and follow the link for elearning.

Login to elarning

You need to have a user name and password to login to your elearning

website.


After you login the Click on My Courses In the left column of your web page

Select ITAD1100 Advanced IT Skills

Familiarize ELearning

Get familiar with your elearning environment and identify the important

links

1.6.3 Moodle Screen Elements

When you have clicked on one of the module/course titles in Moodle, you have

entered a course area. Each module may look slightly different depending on how your

teacher uses Moodle. But, there are some basic Moodle screen elements that are

common and are important to understand:

The Navigation bar (built as a breadcrumbs trail)

Course content area

Side blocks

The breadcrumb trail mechanism allows a student to easily return to a previous screen

by clicking the corresponding link. You should use the breadcrumb trail to browse

forward and backward instead of using the main browser forward and back buttons.

In the middle part of the webpage the Topics will be listed either with an activity or a

resource.

When you login, you see a screen as shown below. These can be either and activity or

a resource.


The first four ie Assignment, Quiz, Chat and Forum are activities. The last two ie URL

and file are resources.

1.6.4 Activities and Resources

Some Explanations

Activity: Something you have to do like

upload a file, take an online quiz etc. After

this you have to submit the activity for

further analysis.

Assignment: This icon is given when you

have to upload an assignment.

Chat: Chat with your friend.

Quiz : Take an online quiz

Forum : Share your view on topics.

Resources :- Something you can

download, visit etc

File : Click on this icon to download the file.

The icon will be reflecting the content of the

file – like word, excel etc.

URL : Following this link to find some

website address related to your course.


Submit an assignment (Upload a file)

Create a word file “Assignment 1- ITAD “ and keep it in desktop.

Click on Topic 1 > Submit your Assignment here

Click on Upload a file

It will open a screen as shown below. You may either drag and drop the file to

be uploaded or click on choose a file.

This is will open a file picker. Click on Choose a file.


From desktop choose the word file you saved before.

Click the button Upload this file.

Click Button Save Changes.


Now the file is submitted for grading. Click update and follow the same

steps if you want to change the file within the due date. After the due date file is not

available for update.

Take a Quiz

Click on Quiz 1

Read the instruction and click Attempt quiz now button

Select the question number and choose the answer and finally click the

Submit All Finish Button. Watch the time.

Using forums

Click on the ITAD-1100 Forum

You can send messages for the participants who are not logged in to the course.

This also enables them to read their messages when they log in.

To post a message to the forum:

Chat

Click on the ITAD-1100 Chat

The E-Learning Portal allows you to send instant messages to the online

participants in the e-Learning Portal. To do this, click the envelope icon on the

opposite of the person‟s name whom you wish to send instant message to.

URL ( Visit a site)

Click on the URL: Self Directed Learning


Access Course Materials ( Download a file)

Click on the URL: ITAD Course Delivery Plan

Simply Clicking on the link will automatically download the file the default

downloads folder.

Right click as “ Save as” Allow you to save the file in the folder of your choice

and the file can be saved in a name of your choice.

Logging Out


Once all your activities in the course have been completed, you will need to

logout from the E-Learning Portal by clicking on the “logout “text icon which

can be found on the top-right corner of the page next to your name.

1.7 BEST PRACTICES IN USING INTERNET

"Netiquette" stands for "Internet Etiquette", and refers to the set of practices created

over

the years to make the Internet experience pleasant for everyone. Netiquette is primarily

concerned with matters of courtesy in communications over internet.

Below are the tips on how to stay online with netiquette.

1.7.1 Posting or Writing a message

Remember Emotion. Do not use big letters or uppercase letters unnecessarily in

emails, chat, or forums -- it designates shouting, and is considered rude. If you

want to emphasize a word, use stars or underlines sparingly. You can use

smileys sparingly to signal emotions like smiles, winks, sadness, surprise, etc.

Be particularly polite when disagreeing with others. Wherever possible,

acknowledge good points made, and then respectfully describe the areas where

you disagree to produce the most productive conversation.

1.7.2 Netiquette of Sending

Be Brief. It takes considerable time and effort to read long messages. Make it

short and to the point.

Use White Space. Use white space to enhance readability.

Use Descriptive Subject Lines. A short, meaningful subject is the most useful

element of information when one wants to identify the message at a glance.

Stay On-Topic. Never post off-topic messages, not related to the subject of the

forum.

Sending Attachments. Be careful sending email attachments. Unlike an email

message, which is usually about 1 kb in size, an attachment can be many

kilobytes or megabytes. Sending big attachment will be inconvenient for

receivers with low speed.

1.7.3. Netiquette for Replying

Reply to sender. When someone asks a question or posts an offer for

information or services to a forum, then you should send them an email directly


instead of posting a reply to the whole list or newsgroup which takes up a lot of

bandwidth for people that aren't interested in the topic.

Minimize forwarding. Unless the email is so important include only email ids

of people who are actually interested in such forwarded mails.

Check Current Information Before Replying. Always check your recent email

or the most recent posted messages before replying to someone else's message,

in order to make sure the situation has not already changed, and that your

response is still on-topic and useful.

Reference Past Communications. Include a portion of a message that you are

replying to when it is relevant. However, don't include more than necessary,

otherwise people will give up reading. Use the word <snip> to indicate

deletions.

Acknowledge Important Communications. If someone sends you an important

email, it is polite to send them a quick acknowledgment so they know you got

it.

1.8 USING INTERNET FOR SELF DIRECTED LEARNING

In self-directed learning (SDL), the individual takes the initiative and the

responsibility for what occurs. Individuals select, manage, and assess their own

learning activities, which can be pursued at any time, in any place, through any

means, at any age.

1.8.1 Internet Support

This is the world of internet. Millions of machines are reachable and a huge

volume of information is awaiting you. With internet available at home the self-

paced learning with internet has become a common practice.

Web supports self-directed learning both by giving the learner control and

providing mechanisms for learning to determine what information is pertinent to

them.

Information in internet is ready at any time and it‟s massive. Knowing how to use

the internet judiciously is the key to getting the right information at your fingertips.

1.8.2 Searching and retrieving information.

How to extract the right information from the internet ? There are a lot of

supporting tools in internet which help you to gain new knowledge or to expand

your own information store.

Web Search Engines


A web search engine is a software system that is designed to search for information

on the World Wide Web. The search results are generally presented in a line of

results often referred to as search engine results pages (SERPs).

Good search engines will do a thorough search and dig out the information based

on your "KEY WORD". The websites which is shaped according to the Search

Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques will attract the attention of the search

engines and will be presented to the user as Search Results.

Every time a user visits a Web Site it is called a hit. Number of hits to a website

determines many factors ranging from information reliability to

revenue generation for that web site.

Examples of Popular Search Engine : Google Search,

YahooSearch, Bing etc

Google deliver you with a varied set of products to aid you in

smart search. It is pointed out that the power of Google as an

informational search engine is growing almost exponentially with more than 31

billion searches being requested every month.

Every day Google answers more than one billion questions from people around the

globe in 181 countries and 146 languages.

Audio / Visual

Seeing in action is more effective than reading. There are many

educational videos in internet which gives you a clear presentation

of topics or animation of concepts.

Youtube has a large collection of educational videos

Animation in Sites

There are some websites which gives you interactivity in learning

some concepts. This is will help the student to understand the concepts

graphically using animated techniques. Eg: Electronic Circuits

animation.

Software

Simulation software and other programs are available in the

internet for free of use which will help you to set up programs at

leisure of your laptops or desktop at your home. Eg: PHP,

MySQL etc.


Forums

There are a lot of Technical forums

where you can be a member of. Such

forum shared by experienced users can

be a great asset to students facing

problems in their area of interest. They

can post questions and avail support

from the fellow members.

Eg : http://www.techrepublic.com/forum

1.8.3 Web Page Rankings

PageRank is what Google uses to

determine the importance of a web page. It's one of many factors used to determine

which pages appear in search results.

1.8.4 Other Popular Online Supports

Wikipedia : Wikipedia is a the best resource to get quick overview on almost any

topics on the earth. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

LearnOutLoud : LearnOutLoud is the podcast directory which contains audio /

visual material http://www.learnoutloud.com/

OpenCourseWare Finder : OpenCourseWare Finder will be very useful when

you want to find lecture materials on certain topics.

http://opencontent.org/ocwfinder/

Technorati : Technorati helps you find good blogs. Just type the topic you are

interested in and you will get relevant blogs from Technorati‟s blog directory.

1. Search from Internet what is meant by “Phishing”

2. Use any Search engine to find out links for the following

Image on Phishing

Video on Phishing

Book on Phishing

Find a forum which is discussing Phishing

Find out a latest news in Phishing

http://www.techrepublic.com/forum

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

http://www.learnoutloud.com/

http://opencontent.org/ocwfinder/


CHAPTER SUMMARY

Colleges and universities are discovering the advantages of e-learning to meet the

challenges of the fast-growing technologies in the academics. The Colleges of

Technology has its own e-learning portal used as a tool which provides teaching-

learning integrated services among students and staff to improve and enhance the

quality of education it offers. The e-learning can be accessed from your college

website.

ADDITIONAL SOURCES

http://www.e-learningconsulting.com/consulting/what/e-learning.html

http://learnframe.com/aboutelearning/

http://downes.ca /

http://www.selfdirectedlearning.com

ASSIGNMENTS

1. Make a document about the eLearning sites used in the other 6 colleges of

technology. Use screen shots. Upload this as assignment.

2. Search for an example site / program for any two of the following.

Search engine, Video store, Animation Site, Free Programs,

Technical Forums. Take screen shots and make a document. Upload in eLearning. .

Laboratory Exercises:

1. Login to Elearning Site

2. Enroll for the course ITAD 1100 as directed by your teacher.

3. Access the Elearning Course Content

4. Download a file

5. Submit an Assignment

6. Take an Online Quiz

7. Chat or send instant messages to your classmate.

8. Participate in a forum with a subject posted by your teacher. Give your

feedback about the subject. Raise issues related to the topic.

9. Use college email id to send a mail. Use a meaningful subject line and

Understand CC and BCC.

10. Search in the internet to find about the other eLearning sites of other 6

colleges.

http://www.e-learningconsulting.com/consulting/what/e-learning.html

http://learnframe.com/aboutelearning/

http://downes.ca/

http://www.selfdirectedlearning.com/


REFERENCES

[1] Dalziel, J. (2003). Open Standards versus Open Source in e-Learning. Educause

Quarterly, 4, 4-7.

[2] Huynh, M.Q., Umesh, U.N., Valachich, J. (2003). E-Learning as an Emerging

Entrepreneurial Enterprise in Universities and Firms. Communications of the AIS, 12,

48-68.

[3] Industry Canada (2001). The E-learning E-volution in Colleges and Universities: A

Pan- Canadian Challenge, retrieved 11 December 2010 from

http://www.cmec.ca/postsec/evolution.en.pdf.

[4] Miller, R. L, Learning Benefits of Interactive Technologies, Multimedia and

Videodisc

Monitor, February 1990, pg. 14.

[5] Woodill, G. (2004). Where is the Learning in E-learning? Retrieved 11 December

2010 from http://www.elearningguru.com/wpapers/e-Learning_analysis.pdf.

[6] http://www.ehow.com/about_4743220_advantages-disadvantages-elearning.html

Retrieved 18 December 2010.

http://www.ehow.com/about_4743220_advantages-disadvantages-elearning.html%20Retrieved%2018%20December%202010

http://www.ehow.com/about_4743220_advantages-disadvantages-elearning.html%20Retrieved%2018%20December%202010


Chapter 2: DESKTOP PUBLISHING

Objectives


Understand what desktop publishing is

Software used for desktop publishing

Popular Publication Types

Use Microsoft Publisher 2010

Explain the different components, elements, and principles of

design

Design Calendars, Business Cards, Brochures and Flyers

2.1 INTRODUCTION

Look around you and list down anything that you can see which you think are

products of desktop publishing… Along your way to the college, you can see

long carpets in buildings for some promotions and advertisements. When you

parked your car and enter a coffee shop, they will offer you several brochures

to browse. In the shop, when you meet a new fellow, he/she will extend you a

colorful business card.

When you are about to enter the college, you notice some posted banners about

an approaching Open Day event. Along the corridor, one organizer had handed

you a beautifully designed invitation about the event. When you passed by the

notice boards, you see some posted impressive greeting cards about Eid.

Newspapers, newsletters, postcards, posters, resumes, calendars, technical

documentation and many more are products of desktop publishing. Hopefully,

you will be creating a number of these in this course and add them in the list.

DESK TOP PUBLISHING

In basic terms, desktop publishing (DTP) is the process of using personal

computers and peripheral devices to produce professional-quality formatted

publications. For many such publications, DTP encompasses all aspects of

design, layout, and formatting before the publication goes to a printer. It

originated in the 1980s with the advent of Apple Computer by Macintosh,

which featured a high-resolution graphical user interface that allowed users to

see on screen the exact formatting they were using. The term "desktop

publishing" was coined in 1985 by Aldus Corp., makers of the first desktop


publishing program, called PageMaker.

2.2Common Software in Desktop Publishing

Desktop publishing software is a tool for graphic designers and non-designers

to create visual communications for professional or desktop printing as well as

for online or on-screen electronic publishing. Depending on a business's needs,

there are several levels of DTP software and hardware, ranging from very basic

low-end products primarily for small businesses to elaborate and expensive

products intended for high- volume professional settings.

Publisher is a program that allows users to create professional documents such

as newsletters, flyers, brochures, gift certificates, and business cards. This

unique program includes several different pre-designed templates that make it

quick and easy to create a professional-looking document.

Here is a list of the common software in desktop publishing:

PagePlus

Print Artist

The Print Shop Professional

Microsoft Publisher

PrintMaster Platinum

The Print Shop Deluxe

Scrapbook Factory Deluxe

Design & Print

Adobe Illustrator.

2.3 POPULAR PUBLICATION TYPES

In this chapter we discuss

Business Cards

Brochure

Calendars

Flyers

The publisher file is saved with the extension *.pub


2.4 CREATING PUBLICATIONS

2.4.1 Accessing

Start > All Programs > MS Office > Microsoft Publisher 2010

2.4.2Getting Started

Under the “most popular” templates or “more templates” select a category

from the list below. Eg. Greeting cards.


Select a template , Birthday.

Choose Birthday 6

The template can be customized to your liking

by changing the options located in the right hand

pane. If you would like to create your own color

and font schemes, simply scroll to the bottom of

the list and select “Create New”.

Choose the color scheme and Font as shown

below.

Click on Business Information

Set a name “Custom1” and press save.

Now click the button create.


2.4.3 Work Space

Ribbon : Like in other Office programs, the Ribbon houses several tabs that

help you create your document.

Page Navigation Bar: Shows you the different pages in your publication and

gives you easy access to the pages.

Ruler: The ruler is used to keep track of the length and depth of your

publication.

2.4.4 Tabs

a)The home tab is where your general resources are located. Formatting text,

such as color, font, alignment, and size, are found on this tab. From this tab you

can also insert textboxes, pictures, tables, and other shapes.

b)The insert tab contains buttons for adding new pages, tables, pictures, shapes,

clipart, WordArt, and other page parts that provide instant enhancement to your

publications.

Pages-- If you need to add a page to your document, click the “Page”


arrow button, and select from the drop down menu.

Tables-- From the “Table” button, drag your pointer over the blocks

until the desired size is reached.

Illustrations-- From the Illustrations section on the Insert bar, users

have the ability to insert pictures, clip art, shapes, and a picture

placeholder option to reserve space in a project for pictures.

Building Blocks-- This section provides access to pre-made page parts,

calendars, borders/accents, and advertisements that are helpful in

building the layout of a new project.

c)The page design tab is used when the document settings need to be adjusted.

From this tab, the user can change the color settings, font settings, and

orientation of the page.

2.4.5 Adding and formatting text box

2.4.6 Drop Cap

The general purpose of inserting a drop cap is to aesthetically enhance your

document. It is especially useful when creating stories or articles, because it

gives a very official and “bookish” beginning to your document.

To access this feature, highlight the letter you want to be designated as

the Drop Cap.

From the “Text Box Tools” tab, select the drop cap button and choose a

style.


2.4.7 Character Spacing

Right click inside the textbox.

Select the Change Text command and then select Character Spacing.

Under Kerning use the drop-down arrow to select Expand or Condense.

Click OK when finished.


2.4.8 Adding

Go to page 4 in Page Navigation

Insert “Tulips” from pictures library

2.4.9 Clip Art & Word Art

Choose Page 2

Search for Candles

Insert clip art and resize figure if needed.


Word Art

2.4.10 SAVE, EXIT and OPEN

Create a folder cards in desktop and save the file with name “Birthday” and type

“Publisher Files”


It will be the editable file birthday.pub. Below shown are other ways of saving

the publisher files.

Save it as pdf and jpg type.

Shown below is the pdf version of the

file. It should printed and folded through

appropriate sides.

EXITING Remember to save first!

From the file menu, select Exit OR click

on the „x‟ in the upper right corner.

OPENING AN EXISTING DOCUMENT From the file menu, select the Open

command

From the print screen, you can also open

a document.

Locate the desired file using the open screen.

Open.


2.5 CREATING BUSINESS CARDS



Search for clip art Network

Insert Auto shape and format the desisn

Insert word art on “South Wing”

Change the font of Mobile and Email to Eras Bold ITC

Save file as BC. Pub , BC.pdf and BC.jpg.


2.6 CREATING CALENDARS

Insert Auto shape { and position correctly.

Search for business in clipart and insert as shown

Insert a Text Box and select the design as shown

Type the text.

Insert the Bar as shown

Insert word art Happy New Year and resize

Write "STAFF TOUR" in cell 29

Insert auto shape starts of various size

Apply gradient background

Save as Cal.pub, Cal.jpg and Cal.pdf


2.7 CREATING BROCHURES

A brochure can be an effective way to present information about your business,

product, or service to prospective clients. You can produce your own 3- or 4-

panel brochures in Microsoft Publisher 2010

Template : Checkers

Color Scheme : Orange

Font : Arial Rounded MT

Business Information : Custom 1 ( saved earlier)

Page Size : 3 panel

Form : Sign Up form

Click Create



Include any necessary forms. If you're

using your brochure to solicit information

or orders from your customers, you'll

want to include a form in your brochure

to collect that information. The Forms

dropdown list offers several options.

Create the brochure. In Publisher 2010, click the "Create" button at the bottom of the

task pane to create your brochure.

You may want to print out the brochure at this point to see if the design is what you want.

You can also create a PDF of it at this point to email to others for their input on the design.

Save the brochure. Choose "Save" or "Save As" from from the menu at the left edge of

the File tab page (Publisher 2010). Give your brochure a descriptive name.


2.8 CREATING FLYERS

Template : Arrows

Color Scheme : Orange

Font Scheme : Arial Rounded

Business Information : Custom1 ( same as previous)

Tear off : Contact Information

The Tear-offs dropdown offers several options:

Contact information. Choose

this option if your flyer is

designed to solicit customers and

have people tear off your contact

information while the flyer

remains posted to attract other

customers.

Coupon. Choose this option if

your flyer is promoting a sale or

special offer and you wish to

offer a discount to people who

respond to your advertisement.

Order form. Choose this option if your flyer is promoting a special offer on a product

or service and you are soliciting orders from customers with it.


Response form. Choose this option if your flyer is promoting a product, service, or

event and you are trying to find out if someone is interested in it to follow up with

more information.

Sign-up form. Choose this option if, as for the response form, your flyer is promoting

an event and you are trying to find out if someone is interested in it and, more

importantly, willing to take part in or assist with it. Sign-up forms are more likely to be

used with posted flyers, while response forms are more suited to self-mailers.

Search for Clip art business and insert right one

Insert the advertisement with 20% off

Insert text box with right design

Choose back ground gradient

Save as flyer.pub, flyer.pdf and flyer.jpg


CHAPTER SUMMARY

Microsoft Publisher is a desktop publishing application which allows you to

create artistic documents such as brochures, newsletters, flyers, etc. Many of

the commands and toolbar in Publisher are similar to other Microsoft Office

applications so new users will find text editing familiar. However, Publisher is

much more flexible, in that text, graphics and even tables are all independent

elements.

ADDITIONAL SOURCES

Visit Microsoft.com for more information on MS Publisher 2010

ASSIGNMENTS

1. Create a professional looking Business card choosing your own template and data.

2. Use your imagination to create a full year calendar which suits best for the any one of

the following

a. Kids b. Hospital c. Class Room d. Your House e. Car show room

3. Create a brochure for any one of the following

a. Conference b. Book Exhibition c. New book shop

LABORATORY EXERCISES

1. Design the Business Card given below

a) Choose the template Perforation and color scheme default.

b) Apply line color Blue and line weight 2 pt for the address text boxes.

c) Change Height and Width of the address text boxes to 0.6” and 1.2” respectively

with 1 degree rotation.

d) Delete the default logo and insert a new college logo into the business card.

e) Apply any light green background color with 14 percent tint of Accent2 to the

business card.

f) Apply border Accent Corners to the business card.


2. Create a Business Card as shown in the picture, and complete the list of tasks

mentioned below:

a) Choose the template Marker and color scheme Pebbles.

b) Change the data as shown in the figure and change the font of whole data to

BodoniMT.

c) From ClipArt search for Forklift picture and Insert as shown below.

d) Insert a design gallery object accessory bar as shown below.

e) Change the background color to texture fill (news print).

f) Change the logo and insert an oval shape in the middle and write the text ‘net’.

g) Insert a shape banners - down ribbon, apply shadow effect and write the text

‘andover.net’ as shown below.

h) Save with the name Andover in your folder


3. Design the Brochure given as follows

a. Choose the template Floating Oval and apply Trek color scheme and make

necessary modifications as given in the above figure.

b. Change the text font to TimeNewRoman, 18pt.

c. Insert a picture as given in the brochure.

d. Add callouts and add text “Hurry up”.

e. Insert a word art as specified in the above figure.

f. Format and justify the text given under About Seminar.

4. Create a Calendar as shown in the picture, and complete the list of tasks mentioned

below:

a) Choose Classic Design Travel.

b) Choose Page Size Landscape and Timeframe One year per page.


c) From ClipArt search for two travel pictures and Insert them as shown below.

d) Change the background color to Light Green and apply border with Star.

e) Add the text “Travel Calendar” with font size 12, center and Bold.

f) Add the auto shape on the top left with the text “Happy Trip!!!”, Font Size is

18.

g) Save the Calendar with the name “Travel” in the folder.

REFERENCES

[1] Clark, Nick. Duotones, Tritones and Quadtones: A Complete Visual Guide to

Enhancing Two-, Three-, and Four-Color images. San Francisco: Chronicle Books,

1997.

[2] Covington, Melody Mauldin. Dictionary of Desktop Publishing. Hauppauge,

NY: Barron's Educational Series, 1995.

[3] Dzilna, Dzintars. "Doing More but Spending Less." Folio, 1 October 1998.

[4] http://support.microsoft.com/gp/gp_off_main#tab0. Support for Office 2001 and

2010. Accessed 03 December 2010.

[5] Paonita, Anthony. "The Print Shop on Your Desk." Business Week, 1 February 1999.

[6] Stonely, Dorothy. "Desktop Publishing Industry Evolves with Demand." Business

Journal, 17 March 1997.

[7] Toor, Marcelle Lapow. The Desktop Designer's Illustration Handbook. New York:

Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996. [8] Blakely, Stephen. 'Logging On for Desktop Publishing." Nation's Business, February

1998.



Chapter 3: WEB APPLICATIONS

Objectives At the end of this module, the students will be able to

Understand the structure of Web sites.

Software and tools used for the Development of Web Sites.

Create web pages from scratch and/or using templates by applying the following applications: working on with text, inserting hyperlinks, embedding of images, formatting lists, and inserting of files and other objects.

Create a website that includes the following: tables, forms, shared borders, frames etc.

Edit Web Pages

Preview a website in a web browser;

Learn MS Expression Web 4

3.1 Introduction A website is a collection of web pages, documents that are accessed through the

Internet. A web page is what you see on the screen when you type in a web address, click

on a link, or put a query in a search engine. A web page can contain any type of

information, and can include text, color, graphics, animation and sound.

When someone gives you their web address, it generally takes you to their

website's home page, which should introduce you to what that site offers in terms of

information or other services. From the home page, you can click on links to reach other

sections of the site. A website can consist of one page, or of tens of thousands of pages,

depending on what the site owner is trying to accomplish.

Why Do People Visit Websites?

Generally, people look at websites for two primary reasons:

1. To find information they need. This could be anything from a student looking for

pictures of frogs for a school project, to finding the latest stock quotes, to getting the

address of the nearest Thai restaurant.

2. To complete a task. Visitors may want to buy the latest best-seller, download a software

program, or participate in an online discussion about a favorite hobby.


The main thing to remember in creating a website is that you're not creating the website

for you; you already know about the information or service you have to offer. You're

creating the site for your visitors, so it should contain the content they want, and be

organized in a way that makes sense, even to an outsider.

A website is a means of communication, and it is only successful when its message is

received by the intended user.

To create a website we use WYSIWYG editors as opposed to text editors where you have

to write HTML codes to create a webpage.

3.2 Tools and Software used for Web Development

Adobe Dreamweaver

CoffeeCup HTML Editor

Komodo IDE

Expression Web

phpDesigner

BestAddress HTML Editor

CSE HTML Validator

EditPlus

Web Studio

TopStyle

3.3 PLANNING FOR A WEBSITE

A website is a collection of interrelated web pages. Before working with your website

there are some background works which needs to be done. You should be clear about the

following things.

i. What type of website are you planning?

ii. How will it be organized?

iii. What are the pictures / buttons to be used?

iv. How to link different pages?

v. How to provide user Interactivity?

vi. Publishing the webpages in internet.

To explain the concepts we use an Example site. We will use a sample web site for Personal

Page of Anna Mary.


Think a while and plan for your pages.

Think of the links and pictures you are going to use.

Decide how many pages you will be using

How these pages will be linked ?

Use your imagination for how your personal page should look like

Visit similar sites to get new ideas.

3.4 MS Expression Web

Microsoft Expression Web 4 is a tool to help you develop, maintain, and publish your Web sites. MS Expression Web 4 lets you:

Insert text and graphics

Import and export files

Add, test, and repair hyperlinks

Easily view and manage the entire Web site

There are many good reasons for building a web page but

it is important that your goals are clear. Your objectives

should drive content and the design of your site. Many

people build home pages as a hobby, purely for their own

personal development. Others build them to promote business, social, cultural, humanitarian,

or business objectives.

Knowledge of web page design and development can help you in your career. Many businesses

today have their own corporate intranet sites, which are simply internal and internet systems

used to share corporate information.

Welcome to Microsoft Expression Web, a full-featured professional tool for designing,

developing, and publishing compelling, feature-rich websites that comply with web standards.

Whether you're a designer, a developer, or a visual design professional, Expression Web can

help you bring your designs to the web. Web designers, web developers, and visual design

professionals can use Expression Web to create and produce sites.


3.4.1. Starting MS Expression Web 4

Select the Start button

All Programs

Microsoft Expression

Microsoft Expression Web 4

3.4.2 MS Expression Web 4 Interface When you first launch the program, you will find a number of task panes,

toolbars, and dialogs with a wide range of features. You can customize the

workspace by docking and undocking toolbars, opening and closing task

panes, and changing preferences settings.

You will find the various toolbars, including dedicated toolbars for

working with images and CSS, under the View menu when you choose

Toolbars.

You can open and close task panes by selecting them from the Task Panes

menu. To change preferences, select Tools > Application Options or

Tools> Page Editor Options.


Let us Start

Create a Folder AnnasSite. Here we save it in H:\AnnasSite

Save all your work in this folder

Getting started


3.5 Creating Web Pages In Microsoft Expression Web, you have several options for creating web pages. After you create a page, you can set the properties of the page. It's important to always use Expression Web when renaming files and folders so that hyperlinks to or from the renamed file (or files in the renamed folder) are automatically updated. If you rename a file or folder by using Microsoft Windows Explorer, hyperlinks to and from that file (or files in that folder) are not updated. To create a new web page, do one of the following: On the File menu, point to New, and then click Page. In the New dialog box, select the type of page, and then click OK. OR Press CTRL+N. OR On the Common toolbar, click the New Document button.

File > New > Page > General > HTML > OK A new HTML page with name untitled1.html will be displayed. Type the following text.


To save a web page Do one of the following: On the Common toolbar, click the Save button. OR Right-click the tab at the top of the editing window and then click Save. OR On the File menu, click Save. OR To save a webpage to a different location or with a different name, on the File menu, click Save As.

To change the properties of a web page

1. With the web page open, do one of the following: o In Design view, right-click an empty area, and then click Page Properties. o On the File menu, click Properties.

2. In the Page Properties dialog box, on the Formatting tab, do the following:


3.5.1 Browser Compatibility

Internet users have wider choice of browsers when it comes to surfing the net. It is our responsibility as designers and developers to ensure that websites we‘ve created are compatible for most of the commonly used browsers these days. Preview the page in Browser File > Preview in Browser You can see a list of Browsers available in your system.

Click on Internet Explorer You can see this page in IE8 Try to see this page in different Browsers available in the list.


3.5.2 Views of a Web Page

View Option There are several ways to look at the content of the website as it is created. Using different views of the page(s) allows the user to design, publish and manage the website .Additionally, the different view assist in solving site problems and make the whole web creation, revision, and publication process more effective. Depending on the tab selected in the page view frame, the different views will be available.

Every webpage is based on a HTML code When you start with you are already in Design view.

To see the code of page you created, Click on Code.


This will show you the HTML code of welcome.html.

All web pages use what is known as an HTML tags.

Every component of page is result of using a HTML tag. When you add components in Design view , Expression Web 4 will create the codes for you which you can see in Code view. Split view helps you to see Design view and Code view side by side.

3.6 Insert Images

To add a picture from a file to a web page

1. In your web page, place your cursor where you want to add a picture, and then do the following:

o On the Insert menu, point to Picture, and then click From File. In the Picture dialog box, in the File Name box, specify the file you want to add, and then click Insert.

2. In the Accessibility Properties dialog box, in the Alternate text box, type the alternate text you want. Alternate text makes your image accessible to screen readers. It also is visible in some browsers when the graphic is downloading, when it can't be found, or when a site visitor moves the pointer over it.

3. To add a long description, click Browse and select a file, and then click OK.


You should have the pictures already saved in the images folder before using it in the webpage.

File > Insert > Picture > From File . Browse for the directory D:/Annasite/images/

Click on the file menupic.jpg

Drag images : You can resize this image by dragging in or out along the border.

Double click on picture to see the properties

Change the font and make it bold This is the final webpage with the picture added.

3.7 Using tables A table is made up of rows and columns of cells into which you can insert text, graphics and other HTML. You can customize your tables in a variety of ways to make them more attractive and easy to read. To add a table In Design view, place the insertion point where you want to insert the table. Do one of the following: On the Table menu, click Insert Table. On the Tables toolbar, click the Draw Table button and then use your pointer to draw the table.


Set the properties that you want. Open a new page academics.html Insert a table 6X2

Select the first row and use cell properties to give the background color to the row.


Use layers to insert an image where ever you want in the webpage.

3.8 Add Hyper links

The HyperLink control creates links on a web page that allow users to move from page to page in your application. The HyperLink control can display clickable text or an image.

To add a HyperLink control to a page

o Drag the HyperLink control from the Toolbox panel to your page. o In the Tag Properties panel, set properties for the control.


Some Properties.

NavigateUrl : Specifies the URL of the page to which you want to link.

Target : Indicates the ID of a target window or frame in which to display the linked page. You can either specify a window by name or use predefined target values, such as _top, _parent, and so on.

Open a page ―contactme.html‖ and do the following changes. We use three images in this page, so make it ready in your folder. Insert a table and add the following text and images.

Select the text Annas twitter and Click on hyper link. Give the URL http://www.twitter.com/Anna and target frame New Window to open in a new window

http://www.twitter.com/Anna


We can make hyperlinks on text or images

The hyperlinks can be internal or external

Internal link points to some other file in your folder whereas external links points to and external website.

You can make images also clickable with internal or external links

3.8.1 Internal Links Click on the text ―Academics‖ Insert > Hyperlink ( Ctrl + K ) Select the Web Page ―academics.html‖ and Click OK

3.8.2 External Links

Type the text Gmail

Insert > Hyperlink ( Ctrl + K ) In Address bar Type : http://www.gmail.com Now Click the Target Frame.Choose ―New Window‖ and Click Ok ( By default

the Target frame is ―same window‖) Click OK in the Hyperlink window also.

Now do the same for Anna‘s Facebook.

Click in the picture showing google plus icon. Insert the Hyperlink – Ctrl+K And link to the page http://www.googleplus.com. This is how you make images as hyperlinks.

http://www.gmail.com/

http://www.googleplus.com/


This is your final webpage ―contactme.html‖


3.9 HTML Forms

A form on a site is similar in concept to a form on paper, except that you create it online

and use it to interact with and gather information from site visitors.

Typically, site visitors enter information into form fields and indicate their preferences by

clicking option buttons, check boxes, and drop-down boxes. Site visitors can also type

comments into text boxes or text areas.

You can use forms on your site to:

Retrieve contact information from site visitors (for example, guest books).

Receive feedback about your site.

Accept orders and gather shipping and billing information.

Provide online registration.

Offer search box mechanisms.

Prompt users to log in to your site.

For information about each of the form controls, see Form controls.

You use different form controls to gather different types of information. For instance, to

get site visitor contact information or comments, you might use text boxes or text areas. To

get ordering, shipping, and billing information, you might use these plus drop-down boxes,

option buttons, push buttons, and other controls.

3.9.1 Form controls Control Control Description

Advanced button

A button that is more customizable than Input (Button).

Drop-down box A drop-down menu of choices.

Group box A box that groups related form controls.

Input (Button) A push button.

Input (Checkbox)

An on/off switch

Input (File) A box for users to select a file to submit with the form.

Input (Hidden)

A control that users can't see but which submits information with the form. Important The information in a hidden control is visible when users view the source of the web page.

Input (Image) A submit button that appears as an image.

Input (Password)

A single line box for users to enter a password. The password is hidden, often with asterisks.

Input (Radio) An on/off radio button. When you group multiple radio buttons, they become mutually exclusive.

Input (Reset) A button which resets the form.

Input (Submit) A button which submits the form.

Input (Text) A single line box for users to enter text.

Label A label to describe another form control.

Text Area

A large box for users to enter text; you can specify the height and width of a text area.


We are going to create a similar page for feedback from users who visits Annas Site.

Create a new page ―feedback.html‖

To create a form, you first drag a form from the Toolbox panel onto your page.

The form appears as a dotted box on your page.

Insert a table 10X2 inside the form to arrange the elements as show below.

Next, you drag form controls from the Toolbox panel into the form.


3.9.2 Adding Form Elements

Adding Text Box – Input ( Text) Simply drag and drop. Double click on the text box will give you options on these.

Adding Radio Button – Input ( Radio) Simply drag and drop. Double click on the text box will give you options on these.

Adding Drop Down Box We want a drop down box like this.

Simply drag and drop. Double click on the box will give you options on these. You have to add the options of which one you will select.


Step 1 : Double Clik Step 2 : Click Add

Step 3 : Enter the choice and choose the Initial state. Add 5 Countries.

Click on Modify to change your choice or initial state.

This is the screen after adding 5 values of which Oman is selected.


Text Box Properties.

Adding Text Area

Table – Formatting cell properties. Select the first column and right click. Select cell properties.


Change the title.

Right Click on the folder > New > HTML to add a new page ―mylikes.html‖


3.10 More About Layers

A layer is a container in a web page that can hold page elements, such as text and graphics. You can overlap, nest, and show or hide layers on a page. Layers can be used to create web page layouts and, when combined with Behaviors, to create animations and fly-out menus. After adding a layer to a web page, you can modify these properties and add new properties to the layer by using the layer features in Expression Web. You can create layers using the Layers panel, the Insert menu, or the Toolbox panel. The following page uses 3 layers.

Position the Layer by keeping the mouse over the border and then dragging


Type the text inside the layer Modifying the layer

Borders and shading > Choose dotted as border style for Layer 1 In shading choose any background picture. If the background picture is dark choose a light color for font color.

For Layer 2 – Border : Ridge For Layer3 – Border : Double


Link ―mylikes.html‖ to menupage.html

3.11Creating Sites

Go to Site > NewSite

General > One Page Site > Browse

Select the folder you created earlier.

Select Add to Managed List.


In the folder list you can see the files created for this website.

All webpages will have extension .html or .htm 3.12 Frames

A frames page is a type of web page that, when displayed in the browser, has multiple regions within it called frames. Each of these frames can display a different web page. Frames pages are often used for catalogs, lists of articles or information, or any other kind of page where clicking a hyperlink in one frame shows a page in another frame.

A frames page itself contains no visible content — it's just a container that specifies which other web pages to display in a frame and how to display them.

You create a frames page by using one of the frames page templates in Microsoft Expression Web. In each of these templates, the navigation between frames is already set up for you.

For example, a frames page created by using the Banner and Contents frames page template actually shows four pages simultaneously in the browser: the frames page, which is the container, and the three pages shown in each of the three frames. In the following example, when you click a hyperlink in the contents frame on the left, the page pointed to by that hyperlink opens in the main frame.

Change the frame targeted by a hyperlink


On frames pages that you create by using templates in Microsoft Expression Web, the target frames are already set up for you. You can change the default target frame so that when a site visitor clicks on a hyperlink, a new browser window opens, or the page opens in one of the frames.

Banner and Contents frames page template

To change the target frame

1. In Design view, select the text or picture that you are using as a hyperlink, and then click Insert Hyperlink.

2. In the Edit Hyperlink dialog box, click Target Frame, and then do one of the following:

o To choose a target frame within your frames page, in the Target Frame dialog box, the Current frames page area shows a map of your frames page. Click in the frame you would like to set as the target frame.

o To choose a target frame either within your frames page or outside of it, in the Target Frame dialog box, the Common targets area gives you several target frame options. Click one of the options to select a target frame.

Create and format a frames page

After you create a new frames page, you can add a "no frames" message for browsers which can't display frames. You can also change its layout by resizing, splitting or deleting frames.


To create a frames page

1. On the File menu, point to New, and then click Page. 2. In the New dialog box, under Page, select Frames Pages. 3. Select a template, and then click OK.

The new frames page opens.

4. For each frame, do one of the following: o To select a page that is already created, in the frame, click Set Initial Page, and

then select the page you want to show. o To create a new page and set it as the initial page to show in that frame, in the

frame, click New Page.

Microsoft Expression Web creates a new page in the frame, and sets the new page as the initial page.


Note When you save a frames page, the Save As dialog box automatically opens again and asks you to save the pages shown in the frames you just saved. This occurs for each page shown in the current frames page.

To customize the "no frames" message

1. In Design view, at the bottom of the document window, click No Frames. 2. Modify the message to say what you want.

Tip In the message you can include pictures, tables, forms, or anything else that you can put on a web page.

To resize a frame

Click and drag the borders

To split a frame by dragging its border

In Design view, press and hold down CTRL and drag any frame border.

Expression Web creates a new frame.

To split a frame into two evenly divided columns or rows

1. In Design view, select the frame by clicking it. 2. On the Format menu, point to Frames, and then click Split Frame. 3. In the Split Frame dialog box, select Split into columns or Split into rows, and then

click OK.

To delete a frame from a frames page

1. In Design view, select the frame you want by clicking it. 2. On the Format menu, point to Frames, and then click Delete Frame.

To change the initial page shown in a frame

1. In Design view, right-click in the frame, and then click Frame Properties. 2. In the Frame Properties dialog box, in the Initial page box, type the URL of the initial

page you want to show.

To rename a frame

1. In Design view, right-click in the frame, and then click Frame Properties. 2. In the Frame Properties dialog box, in the Name box, type the new name for the frame.


Note If you rename a frame, any existing hyperlinks anywhere in your site that point to the old frame name will no longer work. You must find each occurrence of the hyperlink in your site, edit the hyperlink, and change the Target frame box to the new frame name.

Edit a page shown in a frame

If you're editing a frames page in Page view, you can select the frame you want to edit by clicking it. When you are editing a nested frames page, you can also edit the HTML code, but you must first open that page in a new window.

To open a page for editing in a new window

In Design view, right-click the frame, and then click Open Page in New Window.

Note To return to the frames page, on the File menu, click Close.

Configuring Frames

Right-click inside the frame and choose ‗Frame Properties‘

Frame Properties

Name – Give a name to each frame that can be used later while creating hyperlinks to

open in that frame.


Initial Page – This is the URL of the page that will be displayed when the parent page first

loads.

Long Description – This property takes the path/URL of the file which contains a

description of what appears in the frame, for the viewers.

Title – is a short description of the frame.

Frame Size Width and Row Height – State the dimensions for the frame. These

dimensions could be relative to other frames, percentage of the window size or in pixels.

Margin Width and Height – Specifies the margins for the frame.

Resizable in Browser – Check the box to be able to resize the frame in Design View by

dragging its borders.

Show Scrollbars – Lets you choose if scrollbars should appear and when.

NOTE: If you set the scrollbars to never, the content would go beyond the borders of the frame

and would be never visible to the viewers.

3.12 Interactive Buttons


Click on Academics


Click on Contact me.

Click on Feed Back. Upload in elearning

Zip the folder If you are asked to upload multiple pages or page with multiple components then uploading in Elearning can be a problem. You make use Win Rar to zip all the files and then upload as a single file. These are the folder and files for my site. Select all and right click Add to AnnasSite.rar

Now you can upload the AnnasSite.rar file in elearning as a single file.


CHAPTER SUMMARY: Creating an effective website can be done using an entry-

level web application such as Microsoft Expression Web 4 .Creating a website from scratch is

easy as creating web pages using templates. The sense of creativity of the web designer is a key

requirement to create a website that is appealing and attractive. However, a website should not

only be attractive but also informative. A good website is a website that is properly designed. The

web structure, navigation, links, and objects included should follow the web design standards.

Microsoft Expression Web 4 is best learned by hands-on practice. Finally, after testing the web

pages, it is a good idea to publish the website in the World Wide Web.

Additional Resources

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IdDeB3FHQXU&list=PL77A2C1E3078480DA

https://www.facultyresourcecenter.com/curriculum/8533-Expression-Web-4-Quick-Start-T.aspx?c1=en-us&c2=0

Assignment

1. Create your assignment using MS Expression Web 4.

● Create any website for any Company/ office/ Information/ Business/ Advertisement/ Event/ Competition,. Any one of your choice. ● Your Website must be at least 2 pages. (Home page, Page 1), ● Choose Colour Scheme, Font and Size of your choice that suits your design. ● Organize your work in the best possible way so that you use a reasonable space ( Items line up) ● Login to your college E-Learning website [Moodle] and Upload your assignment in the provided link. Your work should have the following.

Having an appropriate title, Logo to each page.

Presence of at least one image at each page.

The use of Table(s) on each page.

Your Name at the Bottom of every page e.g. Created by <<Your Name & ID>>

Having a FORM which includes all the controls (Labels, Option buttons, Check boxes, Text Box, combo box, button, File Uploading button etc.). Save this as page2

Use of Hyperlinks that connects the three pages with each other. In addition, If required you can connect other websites.






Effective use of Aesthetic choices like Background color, Legible Text, Non-Clashing Colors etc.

Consistent design for entire site. All 3 pages should have similar layout, and design, font etc...

Appropriate content and information would be interest of the topic that you have selected.

2. Part -A You are ready to begin the process of designing a website for your new web design company, 123WebDesign. To get started on your new website, complete the following tasks using Microsoft Expression Web 4:

a. Create a new site named 123WebDesign. (Site Menu New Site General Empty site. Save the new site in the Z: drive.

b. Create a new html page.

c. Insert 123 Web Design as the Page heading and Joe Smith as the sub-heading.

d. Format the heading as Heading 1 style, Centre, Font family: Courier New, Courier, Mono space and Font Color: RGB 128, 0,128.

e. Format the subheading as Heading 2 style, Centre, Font size: large, Font family: Franklin Gothic Medium, Arial Narrow, Arial, sans-serif and Font Color of your choice.

f. Insert earth image after the sub heading.

g. Insert 3 interactive buttons on the top of the page with the text About, Skills and Form.

h. Save the page as Home.html and save all the other files if prompted to the 123WebDesign folder. Preview the home.html page using Internet Explorer. Your Home page looks like this:


Part -B

Create a new html page.

a. Enter the following details :

Joe Smith 123 Main Street New York, New York 12345 [email protected] 800-555-1234

Education:

M.S, Computer Science, New York State University, New York

B.S., Computer Science, New York State University, New York

Experience:

Web Design Corporation, Assistant Web Designer, New York

Web Masters Inc., Web Technician, New York

References:

John Masterson, Manager, Web Design Corporation, New York

Brenda Andrews, Supervisor, Web Masters, Inc., New York

b. Format the name and address information to center, bold, font size: large, font color: #800000.

c. Format the headings Education, Experience, and References as Heading 3 style, font

color #800000, with a bottom border.

d. To make the page more appealing, format the page background to be RGB color 255, 128, 64.

e. Insert smileyface picture after the page heading and make it centre.

f. Format the picture size to be 250 x 250 pixels. [uncheck keep aspect ratio]

g. Insert a horizontal line after the address paragraph( Bottom Border)

h. Insert 3 interactive buttons on the top of the page with the text Home, Skills and Form.

i. Save the page as About.html and save all the other files if prompted to the 123WebDesign folder. Preview the page using Internet Explorer/press f12. Your web page will look like this:


Part - C a. Create a new html page.

b. The page heading is Software Skills.

c. Format the heading as Heading 1 style, Centre , Font family : Courier New, Courier, Mono space and Font Color: RGB 128,0,128

d. Create a table with 3 rows and 1 column, dark red borders, size 4 that are 600 pixels wide and 300 pixels high.

e. Centre align the table.

f. The following is included into a cell in the table.

Microsoft Expression Web 4

Microsoft Word 2010

Microsoft Windows 7

g. Set the font size to Large for items in the table.

h. Choose an appropriate light background color for the table.

i. Insert 3 interactive buttons on the top of the page with the text Home, About and Form.

j. Create hyperlinks for each of the following items and it is targeted to a new page for each hyperlink.

o Microsoft Expression Web 4 link: http://www.microsoft.com/expression/products/StudioWebPro_Overview.aspx


o Microsoft Expression Word 2010 link:

http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/word/Microsoft Expression

o Windows 7 link: http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windows-7/default.aspx

k. Save the page as skills.html and save all the other files if prompted to the folder 123WebDesign. Preview the page using Internet Explorer/press f12. Your page will look like this :

Part – D

a. Open a new HTML page to begin working on form.

b. Insert Credit Card details as heading.

c. Format the heading as Heading 1 style, Centre, Font family: Courier New, Courier, Mono space and Font Color: RGB 128, 0,128.

d. Create a table (7 rows and 2 column) with the following properties:

a. Width: 800 in pixel b. Height: 500 in pixel

c. Cell spacing: 0 d. Cell Padding: 0

e. Border size: 1 f. Border color: Black

g. Bckground color as‖ #008080‖ h. Center the table.


e. Enter all the items as per the form given below. Follow the guidelines given in question 6 to insert appropriate form controls.

f. Guidelines to insert form controls: a. To the heading field use the drop down box control and add Mr., Mrs., Ms.,

and Dr. as the items. Mark the option Mr. as selected. b. To the First name, Last Name, Postal Code, City, country, card number and

expiry date use the input text control. c. To the dependent details use the Input check box control and do not select

any option.( give any value to the first check box and select the default value to the other inserted check box

d. Use Text Area control to the field Payment summary. e. To the file attached field use input file control. f. Insert two buttons in the last row of the table and change the text as per the form

shown below.

g. Insert 3 interactive buttons on the top of the page with the text Home, Skills and About.

h. Save the page as CreditCard.html and all the other files to the 123WebDesign folder. Preview the Creditcard.html page using Internet Explorer. Your form will look like this:

Part- E

a. Create appropriate hyperlinks to navigate to Home, Skills, About and Form pages by choosing the respective html files that we have created before that are targeted to the New window.

b. Preview the page by clicking all the navigation buttons in each page. Save all your files and close web Expression 4.


LABORATORY EXERCISES 1. Design the page given below ( Image, Table, Hyperlinks)

Visit http://www.gmail.com and save the picture files.

2. Design the HTML form given below

http://www.gmail.com/


3. Design web page with Layers and Interactive buttons.

Link of each of the button links to the respective college website and will open in a new window.

4. Design the Web Page with frames


Click on Question 1 to Open the sample google login page.

Click on Question 2 to Open the form.

Click on Question 3 to Open the Colleges page.

Change the title of Frames page to “Question 4”.


REFERENCES

1 http://www.timothytraining.net/learn-how-to-build-a-website-microsoft-expression-web-

tutorials-training.html 2 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/expression/cc197140.aspx

http://www.timothytraining.net/learn-how-to-build-a-website-microsoft-expression-web-tutorials-training.html

http://www.timothytraining.net/learn-how-to-build-a-website-microsoft-expression-web-tutorials-training.html

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/expression/cc197140.aspx


Chapter 4: Advanced Spread Sheets

Objectives At the end of this module, the students will be able to:

o Know about Spread Sheets o Understand about MS Excel 2010 o Learn Mathematical functions o Use functions such as those associated with logical, statistical, financial and

mathematical operations. o Apply advanced formatting options such as conditional formatting and

customized number formatting and handle worksheets.

4.1 INTRODUCTION

A spreadsheet is an interactive computer application program for organization and analysis of

information in tabular form. Spreadsheets are focused on providing small and medium sized

businesses with solutions for easy accounting, billing, inventory control and market research.

Modern spreadsheet software can have multiple interacting sheets, and can display data either as

text and numerals, or in graphical form.

Examples of Spreadsheets Include:

Lotus 1-2-3

Apple iWork Numbers

Microsoft Excel

OpenOffice.org Calc

Google Docs Spreadsheet

Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application developed by Microsoft as a part of the Microsoft

Office Package. Microsoft Excel has the basic features of all spreadsheets, using a grid of cells

arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns to organize data manipulations like arithmetic

operations. It has a set of functions to answer mathematical, statistical, engineering and financial

needs. In addition, it can display data as line graphs, histograms and charts, and with a very

limited three-dimensional graphical display.

The excel spreadsheet is useful for "what-if" analysis. In addition to the fundamental operations

of arithmetic and mathematical functions, modern spreadsheets provide built-in functions for

common financial and statistical operations. Spreadsheet programs also provide conditional

expressions, functions to convert between text and numbers, and functions that operate on

strings of text.


4.2 MS Excel 2010 Interface

Ms Excel Ribbon

Available Columns: A through XFD – 16,384 columns

Available Rows: 1 through 1,048,576

There are over 17 billion cells in each worksheet!!!!

A cell is the intersection of a column letter and a row number. The cell address can be found in the Name Box just above column A.


4.2.1 Workbooks and Worksheets

Each Excel file is a Workbook containing one or more Worksheets

Default setting provides you with three worksheets – you can add or remove as needed from there

Worksheets can also be reordered within the file and renamed – you can also copy or move a worksheet to another workbook (file)

Several sheets can be used for one project, containing it all in one file, or you can still use one file for each part of a project, depending on your needs.

4.2.2 Basic Editing

Click a cell to type into it. After typing, press Enter to move down one cell or press right arrow key to move to the right one cell.

To delete the contents of a cell, select the cell, then press Delete on the keyboard

To replace something in a cell (or cells), select the cell (or cells), then begin typing the replacement. Or, you can press Delete on the keyboard before typing the replacement.

Undo/Repeat the replacement (this works even after the workbook has been saved)

Moving/Copying Data:

Select a cell and choose Cut (to move data) from the Ribbon or choose Copy (to make a copy of the data)

Click in a new cell and choose Paste from the Ribbon

Remember – there is always more than one way to accomplish a task (usually two or three ways) so find what works for you.

4.2.3 Freezing Rows or Columns

When you need to keep the top row or left column in view as you work with a large amount of data, you can Freeze it so it‘s always visible on the screen (note – this does not affect printing). 1.Go to View/Freeze Panes 2.Select either Freeze Top Row (freezes row 1) or Freeze First Column (freezes column A) To unfreeze, select Unfreeze Panes

4.2.4 Hide / Unhide

When you need to keep the rows or columns not to seen as you work with a large amount of data, you can Hide it so it‘s always hide on the screen 1.Select the columns


2.Right Click > Hide 3. Select Columns > Unhide 4.2.4Using Formulas and Functions Formulas Excel can handle calculations – from very simple summing (adding) to very complicated multi-formula calculations

Excel uses Formulas to perform calculations

All formulas begin with = (the equals sign, next to Backspace key on the keyboard)

Functions make complicated formulas easy to use and they can be placed into formulas

The most common function is SUM, which calculates a list (either across or down) of numbers.


4.3 MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS

4.3.1 ROMAN / RAND / PI

ROMAN

In Microsoft Excel, the ROMAN function converts a number to roman numeral.

The syntax for the ROMAN function is: ROMAN( number, type ) number is the number

that you wish to convert to roman numeral and type is optional.

Negative or a positive number greater than 3999 fetches error for ROMAN

RAND

The RAND function returns a random number that is greater than or equal to 0 and less

than 1. The RAND function returns a new random number each time your spreadsheet

recalculates.The syntax for the RAND function is: RAND( )

PI

In Microsoft Excel, the PI function returns the mathematical constant called pi, which is

3.1415926535.

The syntax for the PI function is: PI( )

=PI() * A1 would return 59.69026042

=PI() / A2 would return 0.184799568

=PI() + A3 would return -9.858407346


4.3.2 . ABS, SIGN, EVEN, ODD, INT

ABS

ABS function returns the absolute value of a number.The syntax for the ABS function is: ABS( number ) where number is a numeric value.

SIGN

The SIGN function returns the sign of a number. If the number is positive, the SIGN

function will return 1. If the number is negative, the SIGN function will return -1. If the

number is 0, the SIGN function will return 0.The syntax for the SIGN function is:

SIGN( number ) where number is the number that you wish to return the sign

for.

EVEN

The EVEN function rounds a number up to the nearest even integer. If the number is

negative, the number is rounded away from zero. The syntax for the EVEN function is:

EVEN( number ) where number is a numeric value.

=ABS(A2) would return 2.9

=ABS(A3) would return 3

=ABS(-4.5) would return 4.5

=ABS(-210.67) would return 210.67

=ABS(5) would return 5

=SIGN(A2) would return 0

=SIGN(A3) would return -1

=SIGN(0) would return 0

=SIGN(2012) would return 1

=SIGN(-2012) would return -1

=EVEN(A2) would return 4

=EVEN(A3) would return -4

=EVEN(6121) would return 6122


ODD

The ODD function rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer. If the number is

negative, the number is rounded away from zero.The syntax for the ODD function is:

ODD( number ) where number is a numeric value.

INT

The INT function returns the integer portion of a number. The syntax for the INT

function is: INT( expression ) where expression is a numeric expression whose integer

portion is returned.

If the expression is negative, the INT function will return the first negative

number that is less than or equal to the expression.

4.2.3 PRODUCT, QUOTIENT, SQRT, FACT, MOD

PRODUCT

In Microsoft Excel, the PRODUCT function multiplies the numbers and returns the

product.

The syntax for the PRODUCT function is: PRODUCT( number1, number2, ... number_n

) where number1, number2, ... number_n are the numbers to multiply together. There can

be up to 30 numbers entered.

=ODD(A2) would return 3

=ODD(A3) would return -3

=ODD(7) would return 7

=ODD(8) would return 9

=INT(A2) would return 2

=INT(A3) would return -3

=INT(-4.5) would return -5

=PRODUCT(A1, A2, A3) would return 54

=PRODUCT(A1, A2, A3, A4) would return -366.12

=PRODUCT(A1, A2, A3, A4, -2) would return 732.24


SQRT

In Microsoft Excel, the SQRT function returns the square root of a number.

The syntax for the SQRT function is: SQRT( number ) where number is a positive

number that you wish to return the square root for.

If a negative number is entered in the number parameter, the SQRT function will

return the #NUM! error.

QUOTIENT

The QUOTIENT function returns the integer portion of a division. Use this function

when you want to discard the remainder of a division. The syntax for the QUOTIENT

function is: QUOTIENT(numerator,denominator) Where Numerator is the dividend and

Denominator is the divisor.

If either argument is nonnumeric, QUOTIENT returns the #VALUE! error

value.

FACT

The FACT function returns the factorial of a number. The syntax for the FACT

function is: FACT( number ) where number is a numeric value.

=SQRT(A2) would return 5.796550698

=SQRT(A3) would return #NUM!

=SQRT(82.6) would return 9.088454214

=QUOTIENT(5, 2) would return 2

=QUOTIENT(4.5, 3.1) would return 1

=QUOTIENT(-10, 3) would return -3

=FACT(A2) would return 6

=FACT(A3) would return 1

=FACT(A4) would return #NUM!

=FACT(4) would return 24


MOD Function

The MOD function returns the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor.

The syntax for the MOD function is: MOD( number, divisor ) where number is a numeric

value whose remainder you wish to find and divisor is the number used to divide the

number parameter.

If the divisor is 0, then the MOD function will return the #DIV/0! Error.

4.3.4 SUMIF, SUMPRODUCT

SUMIF

The SUMIF function adds all numbers in a range of cells, based on a given criteria.

The syntax for the SUMIF function is: SUMIF( range, criteria, [sum_range] ) where range

is the range of cells that you want to apply the criteria against, criteria is used to determine

which cells to add and sum_range is optional.

SUMPRODUCT

The SUMPRODUCT function multiplies the corresponding items in the arrays and

returns the sum of the results.The syntax for the SUMPRODUCT function is:

SUMPRODUCT( array1, [array2, ... array_n] ) where array1, array2, ... array_n are the

ranges of cells or arrays that you wish to multiply. All arrays must have the same number

of rows and columns. You must enter at least 2 arrays and you can have up to 30 arrays.

If all arrays provided as parameters do not have the same number of rows and

columns, the SUMPRODUCT function will return the #VALUE! error.

=MOD(A1, A3) would return -7

=MOD(34, A2) would return 0

=MOD(34, 0) would return #DIV/0!

=SUMIF(A:A, D2, C:C) would return 218.6

=SUMIF(A2:A6, 2003, C2:C6) would return 7.2

=SUMIF(A2:A6, ">=2001", C2:C6) would return 12.6


o If there are non-numeric values in the arrays, these values are treated as 0's by the

SUMPRODUCT function.

4.3.5 CEILING, MROUND, ,ROUND, ROUNDDOWN, ROUNDUP

CEILING

The CEILING function returns a number rounded up based on a multiple of significance. The syntax for the CEILING function is: CEILING( number, significance ) where number is the number that you wish to round up. And significance is the multiple of significance that you wish to round a number to.

If the sign of the number and the significance parameters are different, the

CEILING function will return the #NUM! Error.

ROUND

In Microsoft Excel, the ROUND function returns a number rounded to a specified

number of digits.

The syntax for the ROUND function is: ROUND( number, digits ) where number is the

number to round and digits is the number of digits to round the number to.

=ROUND(A1, 1) would return 662.8 =ROUND(A2, -1)would return 50 =ROUND(55.1, -1)would return 60 =ROUND(-23.67, 1)would return -23.7

=CEILING(A1, 0.05) would return 210.7

=CEILING(210.63, 0.05) would return 210.65

=CEILING(A2, 2) would return 4

=CEILING(-4.5, -1) would return -5


MROUND

The MROUND function returns a number

rounded to the desired multiple.The syntax for

the MROUND function is:

MROUND(number,multiple) where Number is

the value to round and Multiple is the multiple to

which you want to round number.

MROUND rounds up, away from zero,

if the remainder of dividing number by

multiple is greater than or equal to half the value of multiple.

ROUNDDOWN

The ROUNDDOWN function returns a number rounded down to a specified number

of digits. (Always rounds towards 0.) The syntax for the ROUNDDOWN function is:

ROUNDDOWN( number, digits ) where number is the number to round down and digits is

the number of digits to round the number down to.

ROUNDUP

The ROUNDUP function returns a number rounded up to a specified number of

digits. (Rounds away from 0.)

The syntax for the ROUNDUP function is: ROUNDUP (number, digits ) where

number is the number to round up and digits is the number of digits to round the number

up to

=MROUND(10, 3) would return 9

=MROUND(-10, -3) would return -9

=MROUND(1.3, 0.2) would return 1.4

=MROUND(5, -2) would return #NUM!

=ROUNDDOWN(A1, 1) would return 662.7

=ROUNDDOWN(A2, -1) would return 50

=ROUNDDOWN(55.1, -1) would return 50

=ROUNDDOWN(-23.67, 1) would return -23.6

=ROUNDUP(A1, 1) would return 662.8

=ROUNDUP(A2, -1) would return 60

=ROUNDUP(55.1, -1) would return 60

=ROUNDUP(-23.62, 1) would return -23.7


Activity

4.4 STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS

4.3.1. COUNTA, COUNTBLANK, COUNTIF

COUNTA

The COUNTA function counts the number of cells that are not empty as well as the

number of arguments that contain values.

The syntax for the COUNTA function is: COUNTA( argument1, [argument2, ...

argument_n] ) where argument1, argument2, ... argument_n are either ranges of cells or

values. There can be up to 30 arguments.

=COUNTA(A1:A6, 129) would return 5

=COUNTA(A1:A6, 129, "hi ") would return 6

=COUNTA(A1:A6, 129, "hi", -2) would return 7


COUNTBLANK

The COUNTBLANK function counts the number of empty cells in a range.The syntax

for the COUNTBLANK function is: COUNTBLANK( range ) where range is the

range of cells to count empty cells.

COUNTIF

The COUNTIF function counts the number of cells in a range, that meets a given

criteria.

The syntax for the COUNTIF function is: COUNTIF( range, criteria ) where range is

the range of cells that you want to count based on the criteria and criteria is used to

determine which cells to count.

4.4.2. MAX, MIN, MODE, MEDIAN

MAX

The MAX function returns the largest value from the numbers provided.

The syntax for the MAX function is: MAX( number1, [number2, ... number_n] ) where

number1, number2, ... number_n are numeric values - they can be numbers, named ranges,

arrays, or references to numbers. There can be up to 30 values entered.

=COUNTBLANK(A1:A7) would return 3

=COUNTBLANK(A1:B3) would return 4

=COUNTIF(A:A, C2) would return 1

=COUNTIF(A1:A6, ">=2001") would return 4


MIN

The MIN function returns the smallest value from the numbers provided.

The syntax for the MIN function is: MIN( number1, number2, ... number_n ) where

number1, number2, ... number_n are numeric values - they can be numbers, named ranges,

arrays, or references to numbers. There can be up to 30 values entered.

MEDIAN

The MEDIAN function returns the median of the numbers provided.

The syntax for the MEDIAN function is: MEDIAN( number1, [number2, ... number_n])

where number1, number2, ... number_n are numeric values - they can be numbers, named

ranges, arrays, or references to numbers. There can be up to 30 values entered.

=MAX(A3, A5, 45) would return 45

=MAX(A2:A6) would return 200

=MAX(A2:A6, 325) would return 325

=MIN(A2, A3) would return 7.2

=MIN(A3, A5, -3) would return -3

=MIN(A2:A6) would return 5.4

=MIN(A2:A6, 3.6) would return 3.6

=MEDIAN(A3, A5, 45) would return 7.2

=MEDIAN(A2:A6) would return 8.1

=MEDIAN(1, 3, 13, 14, 15) would return 13


MODE

In Microsoft Excel, the MODE function returns the most frequently occurring, or

repetitive, value in an array or range of data.

The syntax for the MODE function is: MODE(number1,number2,...) where number1,

number2, ... are 1 to 30 arguments for which you want to calculate the mode.

If the data set contains no duplicate data points, MODE returns the #N/A error

value.

Activity

=MODE(A3, A5, 45) would return #N/A

=MODE(A3:A6) would return 4

=MODE(1,1,2,2,3,3,3) would return 3


4.5 LOGICAL FUNCTIONS

4.5.1 TRUE / FALSE

Conditions are expressed using Logical functions and uses operators such as > , < etc. They always return a value True or False. Eg: 10 > 5 is True ; 8 < 3 is False. ; 10=10 is True

4.5.2 AND/OR/NOT

The AND function returns TRUE if all conditions are TRUE. It returns FALSE if any of the conditions are FALSE. Eg:( 10>4) AND (10<20) is TRUE ; (6<8) AND (3>4) is FALSE; (7<4) AND (12 < 100) is FALSE

The OR function returns TRUE if at least one conditions is TRUE. It returns FALSE if all conditions are FALSE.

Eg: ( 10>4) OR (10<20) is TRUE; (6<8) OR (3>4) is TRUE; (7<4) OR (12 < 100) is FALSE


The NOT function returns the opposite value of the logical value. Eg: NOT (10>4) is FALSE; NOT (3>4) is TRUE

4.5.3 IF / NESTED IF

The IF function checks a condition and if TRUE returns one value or if FALSE returns another value.

Eg: if(10>6 , ―ok‖ , ―not ok‖)

if(10>6)

write in cell ―ok‖

else

write in cell ―not ok

Nested IF :- It is possible to nest multiple IF functions within one Excel formula. You can nest up to 7 IF functions to create a complex IF THEN ELSE statement.

IF( 10>5, 6, IF(7<4, 5, 9) ) here inner if evaluates to 9 and final answer is 6 IF( 10<4, 6, IF(7>4, 5, 9) ) here inner if evaluates to 5 and final answer is 5


Activity

Sl No. Employee Name Basic HRA DA TA Total Taxable

1 Akbar 8000 1500 500 100

2 Ahmed 10000 2000 0 100

3 Nadeem 10000 2000 1000 100

4 Saleh 3700 500 500 200

5 Sujaat 7000 700 200 200

No. of Taxable Yes

MAX total

MODE total

Calculate Total = Basic + HRA + DA + TA. Calculate Taxable.

Taxable = ―Yes‖ if Total>=12000

Taxable = ―No‖ if Total<12000

Count No. of Taxable = ―Yes‖. Calculate MAX value in the total.

Calculate MODE value of the Total Column.


4.6 LOOKUP AND REFERENCE

4.6.1 ROW, COLUMN These functions will return a number value of the row or the column of the cell referenced. =ROW(A4) will return 4 and = COLUMN(C5) will return 3 . 4.6.2 LOOKUP This function returns a value from a range (one row or one column). Lookup range is a single row or single column of data that is sorted in ascending order. If the data you are looking for is lesser than the first element no value is returned. If the data searched is not available, the next smallest value is used as index.

4.7 DATE AND TIME

When using date and time the individual cells should be formatted to hold date and time values. In excel the date is visible in the formula bar as month/day/year. In the cell it can be expressed in many ways. Eg: 4/29/2005 4.7.1 TODAY AND NOW Two functions which returns today‘s date & today‘s date with time. Given a month, day and year Date function will create it in date format

\


Activity Format Dateofbirth to have the value date

4.7.2 MONTH, DAY, YEAR, WEEKDAY AND WEEKNUM Month, Day and year functions will return month, day and year respectively of a certain date. Weekday and Weeknum will return the week day and week num respectively. Weekday is from 1-7 and weeknum is calculated from Jan first as week 1 and Febfirst as week 6.


4.7.3 TIME, HOUR, MINUTE AND SECOND

Given an hour, minute and second Time function will create the time. Hour, minute and second function will return hour, minute and second of a certain time.

CHAPTER SUMMARY

This chapter gives a detailed description about the advanced function in MS Excel. The functions discussed here in various sections helps a student to use them in formula for computation using excel sheets. The examples given along with each function helps one to understand about the working of it quickly.

ADDITIONAL SOURCES

http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel-help/training-courses-for-excel-2013-

HA104032083.aspx

http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel-help/training-courses-for-excel-2013-HA104032083.aspx

http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel-help/training-courses-for-excel-2013-HA104032083.aspx


ASSIGNMENTS 1.

Make this excel sheet and using formula find the following Age (cells I6-I12), Total Marks(J6-J11) , Highest total marks in class(C15), lowest mark in English (C17), how many failed in Arabic (C19) , how many got distinction (C21)and average age (C23). 2. Create an excel sheet as follows. Enter the data for 15 students. The first two are sample

data.

Total (I6..I20)is sum of Labwork, assignment, quiz , midterm and finalexam. Grade (J6..J20)is calculated as follows.

0-40 F

41-50 D

51-60 C

61-70 B

71-80 A-

81-90 A

91-100 A+


Find the following using the formula and write the answer in the specified cells.

LABORATORY EXERCISES:

Question 1: Create an Excel Sheet and save it as MARKS.xls. Fill in the data as shown below

and answer the following questions by using formulaes.

1. Count the number of students who have not attempted Quiz 3 and enter the value in the cell

H16.

2. Count the number of students who have attempted Quiz 3 and enter the value in the cell H17.

3. Fill the cell F2 and F11 with value 0.

4. Fill the total column but calculating the sum of the best 2 quizzes.

6. Insert a column with the name STATUS next to the total. The STATUS=PASS if marks>15

else STATUS=FAIL.

7. Count the number of students whose STATUS=PASS and Enter the value in the cell H12.


8. Analyze the total to find the following:

a. Find Max and enter the value in the cell H13.

b. Find Mode and enter the value in the cell H14.

c. Find Median and enter the value in the cell H15.

d. Find the sum of all total marks greater than 15 and enter the value in the cell H18.

9. Calculate the percentage of students who passed and enter the value in the cell H19.

10. Display grade letter of each student in Grade column, based on the following conditions: 18<total<=20 then Grade is A 16<total<=18 then Grade is B 14<total<=16 then Grade is C 13<total<=14 then Grade is D total<=13 then Grade is F

Question 2: Create an excel sheet with the data in column from A to E. Then use formula to find the value in F,G and H as shown.

Put your answers in the following cells.

Eligibility :- F2 to F6

Promotion : G2 to G6

Salary Hike : H2 to H6


Question 3: Create an excel sheet with the data in column from A2 to E2. Then use formula answer the questions and put in cells F9 to F13 respectively.

Question 4: Create the data as shown in the cells A3 to F3 and find the used time(G3 to G8) and amount ( H3to H8) using formula. Find answers to the questions by using formula and put the answers in cells E12 to E15 respectively.

REFERENCES

The official Microsoft Support at www.office.microsoft.com

http://www.techonthenet.com retrieved on January 2013

Singh, Vishnu P, MS Excel 2007, Computech Publications Limited, 2010

Etheridge, Denise , Microsoft Office Excel 2007 Data Analysis: Your Visual Blueprint for

Creating and Analyzing Data, Charts, and Pivot Tables, Wiley, 2007.

http://www.office.microsoft.com/

http://www.techonthenet.com/

http://site.ebrary.com/lib/momp/search.action?p09=Etheridge%2c+Denise&f09=author&adv.x=1&p00=excel+2007

http://site.ebrary.com/lib/momp/search.action?p09=Wiley&f09=publisher&adv.x=1&p00=excel+2007


Chapter 5 : DATABASES

Objectives


Discuss the different database concepts;

Explain the basic types of data;

Create table and assign properties to fields in the table;

Work with queries using MS access 2010;

Work with forms using MS access 2010;

Work with reports using MS access 2010.

5.1 INTRODUCTION

Database management systems (DBMS) are collections of tools used to manage

databases. Four basic functions performed by all DBMS are:

Create, modify, and delete data

structures, e.g. tables

Add, modify, and delete data

Retrieve data selectively

Generate reports based on data

A short list of database applications would include:

Inventory Payroll Membership

Orders Shipping Reservation

Invoicing Accounting Security

Catalogues Mailing Medical records

119 ITAD110 ADVANCED IT SKILLS

5.2 DATABASE COMPONENTS

Looking from the top down, databases are composed of related tables, which in turn are

composed of fields and records. 5.2.1 Field: A field is an area (within a record) reserved for a specific piece of data.

Examples: customer number, customer name, street address, city, state, phone, current balance. Fields are defined by: Field name, Data type (Character: text, including such things as telephone numbers and zip codes, or Numeric: numbers which can be manipulated using math operators, or Date: calendar dates which can be manipulated mathematically, or Logical: True or False, Yes or No) and Field size (Amount of space reserved for storing data).

5.2.2 Record: A record is the collection of values for all the fields pertaining to one entity: i.e. a person, product, company, transaction, etc. 5.2.3 Table: A table is a collection of related records. For example, employee table, product table, customer, and orders tables. In a table, records are represented by rows and fields are represented as columns. 5.2.4 Database: A database is a collection of related tables. It can also include other objects, such as queries, forms, and reports. The structure of a database is the relationships between its tables.

5.2.5 Relationships: There are three types of relationships which can exist between tables:

1. One-to-One 2. One-to-Many 3. Many-to-Many

The most common relationships in relational databases are One-to-Many and Many-to-Many. An example of a One-to-Many relationship would be a Customer table and an Orders table:

each order has only one customer, but a customer can make many orders. One-to-Many relationships consist of two tables, the "one" table, and the "many" table. An example of a Many -to-Many relationship would be an Orders table and a Products table:

an order can contain many products, and a product can be on many orders. A Many-to-Many relationship consists of three tables: two "one" tables, both in a One-to-

Many relationship with a third table. The third table is sometimes referred to as the lien. 5.2.6 Key Fields : In order for two tables to be related, they must share a common field. The common field (key field) in the "one" table of a One-to- Many relationship needs to be a primary key. The same field in the "many" table of a One-to-Many relationship is called the foreign key.

Primary key: A Primary key is a field or a combination of two or more fields. The value


in the primary key field for each record uniquely identifies that record. In the example above, customer number is the Primary key for the Customer table. A customer number identifies one and only one customer in the Customer table. The primary key for the Orders table would be a field for the order number. Foreign key: When a "one" table's primary key field is added to a related "many" table in order to create the common field which relates the two tables, it is called a foreign key in the "many" table. In the example above, the primary key (customer number) from the Customer table

("one" table) is a foreign key in the Orders table ("many" table). For the "many" records of the Order table, the foreign key identifies with which unique

record in the Customer table they are associated.

5.2.7 Rationalization and Redundancy

Grouping logically-related fields into distinct tables, determining key fields, and then relating

distinct tables using common key fields is called rationalizing a database. There are two

major reasons for designing a database this way:

To avoid wasting storage space for redundant data To eliminate the complication of updating duplicate data copies

For example, in the Customers/Orders database, we want to be able to identify the customer name, address, and phone number for each order, but we want to avoid repeating that

information for each order. To do so would take up storage space needlessly and make the job of updating multiple customer addresses difficult and time-consuming. To avoid redundancy:

Place all the fields related to customers (name, address, etc.) into a Customer table and create a Primary key field which uniquely identifies each customer: Customer ID.

Put all the fields related to orders (date, salesperson, total, etc.) into the Orders table.

Include the Primary key field (Customer ID) from the Customer table in the table for

Orders. The One-to-Many relationship between Customer and Orders is defined by the common

field Customer ID. In the table for Customers (the "one" table) Customer ID is a primary

key, while in the Orders table (the "many" table) it is a foreign key.

5.3 DATA TYPES

Text Field – It is – used to store characters, numbers, special characters etc. The arithmetic

operations cannot be performed on text data type field. These fields are used to store names of

persons, addresses, telephone numbers etc. The maximum size of text field is 255 characters.

The default setting is 50 characters.


Numeric Field – It is used to store numeric data. The arithmetic operations can be performed

on these data type fields. In numeric data fields, the whole numbers and real or floating numbers

can be stored. For example, to store N an amount or student‘s subject marks, this numeric data

type field is used. Date & Time Field – It is used to store date or time entries. This type of field converts the

value of date or time into numeric value. It is because the arithmetic calculations can be

performed on this data type field. For example, to store the date of birth, date of joining of an

employee etc. the data type of field is declared as date & time. Memo Field – It is like text field but it is used to store large amount of text. For example,

comments or descriptions are stored into this type fields. Hyper Link – It is used to store the hyper links or links of the web page For example,

―http://www.free-computer-tips.info‖ is a web page address.

Object Field – It is used to store the picture, audio video or a document created in another

application program. Logical Field – It is used to store true/yes or false/no value. For example in a student table,

the result field is defined to store value ―True‖ if student is pass and value ―False‖ is student is

fail.

Currency - Use for storing monetary values (currency)

AutoNumber - Use for generating unique values that can be used as a primary key;

AutoNumber fields can be incremented sequentially, by a specified increment, or chosen

randomly 5.4 TABLE DESIGN

Another way to ensure data integrity is by setting field properties such as Field Size, Format,

and Required.

1. Field Size can be set to hold a specific number of characters, up to as many as 255 for text

fields. If you were using a text field to hold the two letter state postal abbreviation, the field

size could be set to 2 to ensure that no one enters a full state name into this field.

2. The Format field property can be set to display text or numbers in a standardized way. For

example, text can be set to show as all uppercase and numbers can be set to show scientific

numbers, percentages, or decimals.

3. Set the Required property to Yes if you want the person entering data to be required to

enter something in the field. Choose No if the person entering data is allowed to leave the

field blank.

These are just some ways Access helps you ensure that data being entered into your database is


valid.

5.5 MS ACCESS 2010 A database is much more than just a list or table—it provides a true command of data, which can be retrieved, sorted, analyzed, and summarized. Results can be reported very quickly. A database can combine data from various files so that information does not need to be entered twice and can even make data entry more efficient and accurate. Microsoft Access is a database software package. A database is an organized collection of records. A college might use Access to:

Organize the students who attend the college

Track the courses the students take

Track the instructors who teach the classes

After creating an Access database, it can be searched and manipulated—and information can be extracted from it. Access 2010 opens with a new Getting Started with Microsoft Access page, which offers various templates that allow users to easily create new databases. With templates, much of the work is already done—users can create a database in minutes 5.5.1 Getting Started 1. Click the Start button 2. Click Programs or All Programs 3. Click the Microsoft Office Folder 4. Click Microsoft Office Access 2010


Northwind Database 1. Open Microsoft Access 2010 2. The Backstage View on the File tab window appears 3. In the Available Templates section, click the Sample templates icon 4. Scroll down and click the Northwind icon 5. When the Northwind Download pane appears on the right, click the Create button

6. Wait for the Northwind Database to download and open

Enable a Database:

1. Click the Enable Content button in the yellow Security Warning dialog box that appears just below the ribbon


2. When the Login Dialog window opens, click the drop-down arrow at the end of the Select Employee box

3. Select Andrew Cencini from the drop-down list

4. Click the Login button 5.5.2The Access Database Access creates relational databases, meaning that data is stored in various separate tables by subject or task, but the data is related and can be brought together in ways that you specify. Access databases consist of objects. The four main types of objects are Tables, Queries, Forms, and Reports.

Tables store data in rows and columns; all databases contain one or more tables.

Queries retrieve and process data; they can combine data from different tables, update data, and perform calculations on data.

Forms control data entry and data views; they provide visual cues that make data easier to work with.

Reports summarize and print data; they translate the data from tables and queries into documents for communicating ideas.

5.5.3Workspace Ms Access 2010


Understanding Access Tables Access stores its data in tables, which are the foundations of an Access database. Tables are made up of Records. Each Record in a table contains information about one item, such as a particular employee or a purchase order. A record is made up of Fields, such as name, address, or telephone number.

A table consists of a set of columns and rows. Each row is a Record and each column is a Field. Within a table, each field must be labeled and no two fields can have the same name. Each value in a field represents a single category of data. The Customers table contains contact information about Northwind Traders‘ customers.


The Employees table contains contact information about Northwind Traders‘ employees

The Purchaser Order Details table contains information about each purchase order that has been issued by Northwind Traders.

Table Relationships To make Access more efficient, the program relies on defining relationships between tables and other database objects so that information only needs to be added once into a database. Before the existence of relational databases, users had to enter the same information repeatedly, making the database cumbersome and inefficient. After creating a table for each subject, the tables and other objects need to be directed to one other so that Access can tie that information together again when needed. This is done by placing common fields in tables that are related and by defining relationships between tables. Queries, forms, and reports can then be created that display information from several tables at once. The Quick Access Toolbar Next to the small Access icon in the upper left corner is the Quick Access toolbar. The Quick Access toolbar provides access to frequently used commands. By default, Save, Undo, and Redo appear on the Quick Access toolbar. Use Save to save an object, Undo to undo the previous action, and Redo to reapply an action that has been undone. Click the downward pointing arrow for more Quick Access toolbar options.

The Title Bar The Title bar is located at the very top of the Access window and displays the name of the database in which you are currently working.


The Ribbon The Access 2010 Ribbon contains tabs across the top of the Access window. Each tab contains groups of core tasks and each Group contains related sets of commands The ribbon now has 4 tabs in addition to the File tab.

File Tab and Backstage View Clicking the File tab opens the Microsoft Office Backstage view. Backstage view contains the standard options of opening a new document, saving, and printing.

The Navigation Pane An Access database consists of Objects, such as Tables, Queries, Forms, Reports, Macros, and Modules. The Navigation Pane displays and organizes database objects. The user of the database can choose the order in which the objects are displayed, or whether or not to show a subset of the objects.


The Navigation Pane stores these types of objects in the database:


5.6 Creating your own Database



Choose look up for College and include the values HCT,ACT,SCT … Choose look up for level and add Diploma, Adv. Diploma and BTech

Enter data to the table


Add one more field


Add a new table ―Subject‖

5.7 Table Relationships To make Access databases more efficient and effective, data is stored in multiple tables with relationships between the tables. The relationships allow data from all of the related tables to be used in a query, form, or report. A Primary Key is a field (or combination of fields) that uniquely identifies each record in a table. A Foreign Key is a value in one table that must match the primary key in another table. Relationships are created between tables by joining the primary keys and foreign keys. Each relationship has a Primary (parent) table and a Related (child) table. An easy way to determine the Primary table in the relationship is to locate the Primary Keys. Typically, the Primary table is the table that holds the Primary Key field in the relationship. NOTE: The Primary Table can have the same number or more entries than the Related Table. The Primary Table and Related Table may contain the same Primary Key field. There are two valid types of relationships: One-to-One and One-to-Many. In a one-to-one relationship, there can only be one matching occurrence of that value in the Primary Table for every occurrence of a value in the Related Table.


In a one-to-many relationship, for every occurrence of a value in the Primary Table, there can be many occurrences in the Related Table. Creating Relationships between Tables When the Primary Key field from one table is a field in another table, a relationship can be created between the two tables. The ability to link two or more tables together is what makes relational databases powerful. Before creating a relationship between tables, the related fields must have: 1. The same Name 2. The same Data Type 3. The same Field Size For example , the below given tables have such identical fields.

5.7.1 Defining a Relationship 1. Go to the Database Tools tab ► Show/Hide group ► Relationships command

2. When the Relationship screen opens, the active ribbon should be Relationship Tools - Design 3. If anything appears in the Relationship window, go to the Relationship Tools Design tab ► Tools group ► Clear Layout command

4. Click Yes in the Microsoft Access pop-up window


5. Go to the Design subtab ► Relationships group ► Show Table command

6. In the Show Table dialog box, click the Tables tab (if necessary) 8. Click the first table, studentinfo 9. Click Add 10. Click the second table, subjects 11. Click Add

Now we‘ll create a relationship between the studentinfo and the subjects table.


First, the Primary Table and Secondary Table must be determined. The relationship will be made between the SID field in the studentinfo table and the SID field in the subjects table. 1. Click and hold down the mouse button on SID in the Primary Table studentinfo 2. Drag the mouse pointer over until it points at the SID field in the Related Table subjects 3. When the pointer changes to an an arrow with a plus inside a square, release the mouse button; the Edit Relationships window opens 4. Make sure the Relationship Type is One-To-One 5. To enforce integrity, check the Enforce Referential Integrity checkbox . Referential integrity ensures that the validity of the relationship between two tables remains intact. It prohibits changes to the Primary table that would invalidate an entry in the Related Table. 6. Click Create When a relationship exists between two tables inside an Access database, a line connects those two tables in the Relationships window. If the relationship is One-To-Many with an Enforced Referential Integrity relationship, a 1 appears where the line connects to the Primary Table and ∞ appears where the line connects to the Related Table.

Defining a Relationship – Method 2 1. Go to the Design subtab ► Tools group ► Edit Relationships command 2. The Edit Relationships window opens; click Create New


3. In the Create New window, click the down arrow at the end of the Left Table Name box and choose the table studentinfo from the drop-down list 4. Click the down-pointing arrow at the end of the Left Column Name box and choose the field SID 5. Click the down arrow at the end of the Right Table Name box and choose the table subjects

6. Click the down arrow at the end of the Right Column Name box and choose the field SID 7. Click OK 8. The Edit Relationships window appears 9. Check the Enforce Referential Integrity checkbox 10. Click Create The Relationships have now been made..


TIP: After a relationship has been created between two tables, the relationship must be deleted before modifications can be made to the fields on which the relationship is based. Deleting a Relationship 1. Click the line that connects the tables 2. Press the Delete key 5.8 Queries Queries are used to answer questions about a database. Queries can be used for multiple purposes, including pulling out data that meets specific parameters or totaling groups of related data. Because large amounts of data are often stored across multiple tables, queries can be used to join related data together and view the data in smaller related subsets. Additionally, data can be viewed and edited in Query View, which mimics the table spreadsheet-like view. Each query is based on one or more underlying tables. There are several types of Queries that can help the user select information from the database:


A Select query retrieves and displays records in a Datasheet view

A Crosstab query displays a summarized value that is displayed by one set of fields down the left side and by another set of fields across the top

An Action query performs operations on the records

A Parameter query prompts for single piece of information that will be used to run the query

Creating a Selection Query Using the Query Wizard 1. Go to the Create tab ► Queries group ► Query Wizard command 2. In the New Query window, select Simple Query Wizard 3. Click OK 4. In the Simple Query Wizard window, click the Table/Queries down arrow at the end of the Table/Queries box to open the drop-down list 5. Choose Table: studentinfo from the drop-down list 6. Select sid in the Available Fields box 7. Click the double arrow to move all fields from the Available Fields box to the Selected Fields box 8. Click Next

9. This is a Detail query, so make sure the bullet next to Detail (shows every field of every record) is selected


10. Click Next

11. If necessary, type Student by Level Query in the What title do you want for your query? box 12. Make sure the bullet next to Open the query to view information is selected 13. Click Finish The Student by Level Query runs and opens in Datasheet view. Changing to Design View using the Ribbon 1. Go to the Home tab ►Views group ► View command down arrow 2. Select Design View from the drop-down menu The Student by Level Query changes to Design view. Creating a Selection Query Using the Query Design Command 1. Click the Create tab ► Other group ► Query Design command 2. In the Show Table dialog box, select subjects 3. Click Add 4. When the Employees table appears in the Query window, click the Red X close button in the Show Table window 5. There is now an asterisk * at the top of subjects table. Using the asterisk, it is possible to select all of the fields from the table to be included in the query

6. Hold down the left mouse button down over the asterisk and drag down to the first row of the first column below

7. While dragging, a circle with a diagonal line appears. When the mouse pointer is in the proper cell and the cursor changes to an arrow with a + inside a box, release the mouse button 8. The table name Employees, followed by an *, is now visible, indicating that the entire subjects table is included 9. Click the Save icon in the top left corner of the Access window 10. In the Save As dialog window, type Subject-cgpa Query into the Query Name box 11. Click OK


Editing a Query To add columns or fields to a Query: 1. Click in the first field, subjects,*

2. Go to the Query Tools Design subtab ► Query Setup group ► Insert Columns command


Give the criteria >2 for CGPA.



5.9 Forms Like tables, Forms can be used to view and edit data. However, forms are typically used to view data in an underlying table one record at a time. Forms are helpful for less experienced database users who need to enter and edit the information stored in the database because it limits the amount of information that a user sees at one time. Each form is based on an underlying table or query.


Forms can be set up to minimize data entry errors. The fields in a form can be from multiple tables and queries. Forms can also be used to display data that a user needs to retrieve from a database. Buttons and other functionality can be added to a form to automate frequently performed actions. In addition to entering data, forms can be used in other ways. For example, a form can be created that asks for input and then generates a custom report based on that input.

Key Points about Forms

o A form is an organized and formatted view of some or all of the fields from one or more tables or queries. Forms work interactively with tables in a database. Use controls in a form to enter new information, edit or remove existing information, or locate information.

o The quickest way to create a form that includes all the fields in a table is to use the Form tool. The form that is created by the tool can be modified in Design view.

o When you know the table(s) on which the form will be based and how the form will be used, the Form Wizard can be used to quickly create a form. Again, the created form can be modified in Design view.

o The two most common views to use when working with forms are Form view and Design view.

o Each text box in a form is bound to a specific field in the underlying table(s). Creating a Form Using the Form Icon The form command creates a form that allows information to be entered one record at a time. 1. Open the Access database

2. Select the studentinfo table from the Navigation Pane 3. Go to the Create tab ► Forms group ► Form command


Access creates a form using the default layout based on the studentinfo table. The form opens in the objects window. Creating a Form Using the Form Wizard The Form Wizard allows users to be more selective about which fields appear on the form. In the wizard, one can define how data is grouped and sorted, along with allowing fields from more than one table or query to be used. NOTE: To use more than one table or query, a relationship must be defined between the tables and/or queries. 1. Go to the Create tab Forms group Form Wizard

2. If necessary, click the down arrow at the end of Table/Queries box and select Table: studentinfo from the drop-down list 3. Using the single arrow button, move all of the fields from the Available Fields box to the Selected Fields box

4. Click Next

5. In the next window, select the Justified bullet

6. Click Next

7. In the next window, type Students Information Form into the What title do you want for your form? box (if necessary)

8. Make sure the Open the form to view or enter information bullet is selected

9. Click Finish The form opens in the object window.



Changing the Logo Place Holder to the Company’s Logo 1. Open the studentinfo Form created earlier in Design view 2. Go to the Form Design Tools tab ► Header/Footer group ► Logo command

3. Select the file Main_logo from My Pictures in the My Documents folder:

My Documents ►My Pictures ► Main_logo The logo place holder is replaced with the Main_logo image. Changing Header 1. Click inside the form header

2. If the header property sheet is not visible, go to the Form Design Tools - Design tab ► Tools group ► Property Sheet command



3. On the Property Sheet, click the … button in the Back Color field 4. Select a green background from the Standard Colors area and the header section changes to green


5. Click inside the title field and change the title to Students Information by clicking in the box and Changing the Form‘s Background 1. In the Property Sheet, click the Section type down arrow 2. Scroll down and select Detail 3. On the Property Sheet, click the … button in the Back Color field; select a different shade of green than that of the header Using a Form to Add Information to a Database 1. Open the studentinfo form in Datasheet view 2. Click the New (blank) Record command in the status bar at the bottom of the form window 3. Enter the desired information into the form

5.10 Reports

1. Select the Customers table from the Navigation Pane

2. Go to the Create tab ► Reports group ► Report command

Creating a Report Using the Report Wizard The Report Wizard is of one of the quickest ways to build a report while still maintaining control over which fields, Tables and/or Queries are used. How the data is grouped and sorted can also be defined in the wizard. 1. Go to the Create tab ► Reports group ► Report Wizard


2. In the Report Wizard dialog box, click the down arrow at the end of the Table/Queries box and select Table: studentinfo from the drop-down list

3. Click Next

4. On the next window, use the double arrow button to move all of the fields from the Available Fields box to Select Fields box

5. On the next window, make sure level is being used for grouping and click Next

6. On the next window, click the down arrow to the right of box 1 and select sname from the drop-down list

7. Click Next


On the next window, make sure the Stepped bullet is chosen under Layout and the Portrait bullet is chosen under Orientation

9. If necessary, click the Adjust the field width so all fields fit on a page checkbox

10. Click Next

11. In the What title do you want for your report? box, type Student List By College

12. Click Finish The studentinfo Report runs and opens in the object window.


Double click on heading and change to Student List By Level. Rename the report to Student List By Level.


CHAPTER SUMMARY

Having organized a database to organize your information is essential. This chapter has presented

how to create a simple database with Microsoft Access 2010. It has also guided you through

building a simple - single-file database which is the simplest form of database to create.

Laboratory Exercises

Question 1

Using MS Office 2010,create a new blank Database and rename it with Library and save it in the

folder which you have created on desktop.

a) Create a new table with design given below and save it as tblBooks.

Field Name DataType FieldSize/Format

Book_ID Text 10

Title Text 20

ISBN Number Long Integer

DateOfBorrow Date/Time Medium Date

Borrower_ID Text 10

b) Insert the data as given below in table tblBooks.

c) Create another table with design given below and save it as tblBorrower.

Field Name Data Type Field Size/Format

Borrower_ID Text 10

Borrower_Name Text 25

Contact Number Long Integer

City Lookup Wizard London, Auckland, New Jersy


d) Insert the data as given below in table tblBorrower.

e) Create a query that will display all details from table tblBooks and save it as Q1.

f) Create a new query that will display Book_ID, Title and City where Date of Borrow is after

1/1/2012 and city is London. Save it as Q2.

g) Design a report that will display all the details of table tblBooks with Title in ascending order,

layout Block and Style Office. Save the report as R1.

Question 2

Using MS Office 2010,create a new blank Database and rename it with Sales and save it in the

folder which you have created on desktop.

a) Create a new table with design given below and save it as tblCustomer.

Field Name DataType FieldSize/Format

Cust_ID Text 10

Name Text 30

Contact Number Long Integer

City Text 20

b) Insert the data as given below in table tblCustomer.


c) Create another table with design given below and save it as tblOrder.

Field Name Data Type Field Size/Format

Order_ID Text 10

Order_Item Text 25

Amount Currency Currency

Cust_ID Text 10

Date OfOrder Date/Time Short

d) Insert the data as given below in table tblOrder.

e) Create a query that will display all details from table tblCust and save it as Q1.

f) Create a new query that will display Cust_ID, Name, Order _Item, Amount and DateOfOrder

where amount>150 and DateOfOrder is before 10/10/13. Save it as Q2.

g) Design a report that will display all the details of table tblOrder with Amount in ascending order,

layout Stepped and Style Metro. Save the report as R1.

Question 3

Create a new database named “Employees” in the folder created on your desktop.

Create the following 2 tables in the database Employees and answer the following question

a) Table 1: Staff

Field Name Data type Field Size /Format

StaffID Number Long Integer

StaffName Text 40

Designation Text 15

Country Lookup Wizard Oman, Dubai, Saudi

Gender Lookup Wizard Male, Female

Salary Currency Fixed

Decimal value 1


Table 2: Contacts

b) Set Staff ID in the Staff table as the primary key

c) Enter the following records into the tables Staff and Contacts respectively

d) Set One to Many relationship from Staff table to Contact table on the fields Staff ID and ID

e) Create a query to display all the details of male staff whose salary is more than 400

f) Create a query to display name and designation of the staff whose name starts with letter

“a” or address is Barka.

g) Create a report using wizard to display all the records of the Staff table, change the title

as “Noble Staff ”. Font size 18 and colour red. Save the report with name NobleReport.

h) Create a Form with all the fields from the table Contacts with title StaffContacts and save

the form as contact form.

Field Name Data type Field Size /Format

StaffID Number Long Integer

Email Text 40

Phone number integer

Address Text 60

Staff

StaffID Name Designation Country Salary Gender

2342 Mona Manager Dubai 234.00 Female

2343 Fatma Accountant Oman 453.00 Female

2341 Abdullah Cashier Saudi 567.00 Male

2344 Hussain Operator Oman 5688.00 Male

Contacts

ID EMail Phone Address

2342 [email protected] 9871 Sohar

2344 [email protected] 9874 Salala

2341 [email protected] 9870 Muscat

2343 [email protected] 9873 Barka


Question 4

Create a new database save it as “Teacher” in the folder created on your desktop.

a) Create the following 2 tables in the database Teacher and answer the following.

Table1:Faculty

b) Set ID as primary key in Faculty table .

Table2:Department

c) Set DEPID as primary key and set look up value “IT,BUS,ENGNR” to DEPNAME

field.

d) Enter the following Records into the tables Department and Faculty


e) Create a query to display FNAME, ADDRESS, AGE from Faculty with age from highest

to lowest and save query as Q1.

f) Create a query to display all faculty information from FACULTY table who are working

in IT department and Save query as Q2.

g) Using report wizard create a tabular report for all the fields from FACULTY table with

“AGE” field in ascending order. Save the report as RFinal.

Question 5

Create a new database save it as “Library” in the folder created on your

desktop.

a) Create the following 2 tables in the database Library and answer the following.

Table1:Book

b) Set BOOKID as primary key in BOOK table.

Table2:Category

c) Set CATID as primary key and set look up value “IT,BUS,ENGR” to CATNAME field.

d) Enter the following Records into the tables Category and Book


e) Create a query that will display all details from Category table where catname is IT .

Save query as Q1.

f) Create a query to display all information from BOOK table where BOOKNAME is

marketing or price is >30, Save query as Q2.

g) Using report wizard create a tabular report for all the fields from BOOK table with

“PRICE” field in descending order. Save the report as PFinal .

REFERENCES

http://www.gcflearnfree.org/office2010

http://www.goodwin.edu/computer_resources/pdfs/word_2010_tutorial.pdf

http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/access/

http://www.heightslibrary.org/

http://www.gcflearnfree.org/office2010

http://www.goodwin.edu/computer_resources/pdfs/word_2010_tutorial.pdf

http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/access/

http://www.heightslibrary.org/