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Is hardware the new Software?
Creating the Innovations that will change our lives
September 2016
David Brown,CEO, BroadBit Batteries
Who the Hell and I?
PhD Environmental Engineering (Air Quality Management)
MSc Aerospace Engineering (Computation Physics)
BSE Aerospace Engineering (Fluid Dynamics and Propulsion)
Fulbright Fellow (Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry)
Over 150 patents and applications
Over 150 scientific and engineering publications
Manager of two physics labs (Aerosol Physics & Nanomaterial Physics)
Twice nominated for European Inventor of the Year
Founder and founding CEO of 6 companies in:
Energy, Comp. Physics, Nanotech & Electronics, Pharmaceuticals, Optics
ParticleStreamTechnologies
ParticleStreamTechnologies
SWCheap & Fast
Low CapExSmall general teamsOpen Source, API
Easy to ScaleNo logistics“[ctrl]c”
Very ProfitableHigh marginsLow marginal costs
Low Barrier to Entry
What investors & startups all “know”
HWExpensive & Slow
High CapExLarge specialized teamsClosed, proprietary, far away
Hard to ScaleLots of supply/distributionTooling and manufacturing
Not Very ProfitableLow marginsHigh marginal costs
High Barrier to Entry
Software vs. Hardware
What is your reaction to the following question?
Why don’t they X?!
SW: Has it been done before?How many programmers needed?
HW: Is that possible?
Software vs. Hardware
3D Possibility Space
Sherlock Holms’ Possibility Space
Sherlock Holms’ Possibility Space
Sherlock Holms’ Possibility Space
Sherlock Holms’ Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
General Possibility Space
How to make Hardware like Software?
iPhone’s Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
Traditional Economies of Scale
Traditional Economies of Scale
Venician Arsenal1104
Gutenburg Press1436
(China ~1110)
iPhone’s Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
HW start-ups can play with the big boys
Contract Mfgs.Multifunctional SoC (System on Chip)
Supply/Dist. Chain ProvidersNew Dist. channels (Kickstarter)
Software upgradable hardwareBrand and Contract Mfg. Support
Bring outside economies of scalein-house
as a service
HW start-ups can play with the big boys
Crowdfunding pre-order campaign
iPhone’s Possibility Space
Is 3D Printing the answer?
Is 3D Printing the answer?
Is 3D Printing the answer?
Fundamentals of 3D Printing
Digitize Layer Finish AssembleScan
Open source Hardware
Free CADOpen standardsHacker CommunitiesVoxels (ready module)Cheap scanningCheap printingCheap materials
3D Printing is much like Software
Software/Info DrivenDigital/ScalableAutomatedModularDesign freedomLow Barrier to EntryLocal/Logistics free
iPhone’s Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
Is 3D Printing the answer?
Real Uses Today
Fast Prototyping/Iteration & Rapid Mfg.Unique/1-Off/Low Vol. (Molds, Prosthetics, Plane Parts)
Virtual Inventory and “long tail”Unmanufacturable (e.g. cooled turbine blades)
Art, Design, AmusementReconstruction (e.g. of artifacts)
Qii Rollable Keyboard (Indiegogo)
Is 3D Printing the answer?
Real Uses Tomorrow
Local/In-home manufacturing (e.g. a “stuff” oven)
Medium Volume Manufacturing (e.g. auto parts)
Logistics Limited (e.g. spare parts in the field or in space)
Imitation FoodsMedical & Bio-Printing…
3D Printing cannever undercuttraditional highvolume mfg!
Example of novel 3DP products
Top-Down Manufacturing
3-D printing is still only an improvement on traditional top-down additive mfg.
As is mass production, subtractive mfg. etc.
Top-Down Manufacturing
3-D printing is still only an improvement on traditional top-down additive mfg.
As is mass production, subtractive mfg. etc.
Design Product
What about this?
Biology is Bottom-up Manufacturing
iPhone’s Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
The Birth of Nanotechnology
On December 29, 1959, Richard Feynman gave a talk entitled
“There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom”
Feynman suggested that it should be possible, in principle, to make nanoscale machines that "arrange the atoms the way we want", and do chemical synthesis by
mechanical manipulation.
makromaailma Hair Bacteria Insulin Atoms
Fish Eggs Cells VirusesFatty Acids,
and Nanotubes
Nanotechnology 101
Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale.
Nanotechnology history
1913:Bohr Atomic Model
Nanotechnology history
1913:Bohr Atomic Model1931:Scanning Electron Microscope
Nanotechnology history
1913:Bohr Atomic Model1931:Scanning Electron Microscope1939:Transmission Electron Microscope
Nanotechnology history
1913:Bohr Atomic Model1931:Scanning Electron Microscope1939:Transmission Electron Microscope
1947: Contact Point Transistor
Nanotechnology history
1913:Bohr Atomic Model1931:Scanning Electron Microscope1939:Transmission Electron Microscope
1947: Contact Point Transistor1981: Scanning Probe Microscope (AFM/STM)
iPhone’s Possibility Space
iPhone’s Possibility Space
25 times stronger than steel
Half as dense as aluminum
1000 times more conductive than copper
Conducts heat twice as well as diamond
Thermally stable up to 1500 C
Better semiconductor than silicon
”zig-zag” ”chiral” ”armchair”(semiconducting) (semiconducting) (metallic)
Carbon Nanotube Basics
Is Nanotechnology the Answer?
Richard Feynman predicted nanoscale Top-Down assembly
NOT
Bottom-Up (Self-Assembly)
Top-Down = Research Tool
Bottom-Up = Manufacturing Tool
Bottom Up Manufacturing
How Carbon Nanotubes self assemble
First computational models indicating CNT nucleation & growth mechanism(by Kim Bolton)
1)Carbon enters metal particle2)Particle saturates with carbon3)A small graphitic carbon cap forms4)The CNT “lifts off the surface” and new carbon is introduced at the CNT base.
Self Assembly for Optical Fiber
Self assembly of nanostructured micro-particles
>10x production speed of optical
fiber
Patentedwww.almakor.com
3B$
Self Assembly for Inhalable Drugs
Self assembly of nanostructured micro-particles
>5x drug lung deposition
Patented
NANO-ENCAPSULATION
NANO-GLIDANT
www.tiecospharma.com
50B$
Teicos Inhalation: Better for Patients
Painless and simple
Inexpensive to use
Reduces side effects
Fast acting
Allows controlled release
Increases shelf life
Diabetes Market Size and Growth
•383 M people
•8% of adult population
•5 M deaths / year
•Cost of treatment is 4$/day
•548 B$ spent in 2013 (below 50% treated)
•Biggest market / growth in India & China
Example: a Systemic Disease
CONFIDENTIAL
59
Particle Stream™Aerosol Flow Reactors
POC production(up to 100 mg/hr)
Lab-scale production(up to 5 g/hr)
Pilot-scale production(up to 100 g/hr)
Self Assembly for Flexible Electronics
Patented
Self assembly of nanostructured
films
>3x higher conductivity
www.canatu.com
100B$
Nano assembled production & products
Examples from Canatu’s Patent Portfolio
Flexible/Transparent Electrodesfor Ulta-Low Viz. Touch Sensors, Haptics InterfacesSolar Cells, RFID and Displays and E-Skins
Thermal Acoustic LayersIn Flexible TransparentConformal Speakers
Flexible Electrodes In Batteries andSupercaps
High Efficiency Self Cleaning
Particle Filters
Field Emitting Layersfor FEDs
EMS and ESD
Flexible/Transparent
Semiconductors andTransistors
Active layers
Saturable Absorber layersin Femto Second Lasersfor Optical Signal Generation and Regeneration and materials processing
Touch SensorsFor touch screens and surfaces
For Solar Cells
Self Assembly: Hi-Performance Batteries
Self assembly of nanostructured
interfaces
10x charging speed
2x energy
Patentedwww.broadbit.com
Nanostructure
TOP SECRET!
Self Asse
mbly
Process
TOP SECRET!
1000B$
BroadBit’s Hi-Power
sodium batteries
BroadBit’s breakthrough results
>3x lower>3x lower cost/kWhcost/kWh >3x lower>3x lower cost/kWhcost/kWh
Full EV recharging in 5 minutes possible
2× EV range at same weight3× EV range at same price
BroadBit’sHi-Energy
sodium batteries
>5x lower >5x lower cost/kW cost/kW
>5x lower >5x lower cost/kW cost/kW
Beyond Lithium Opportunities
Sufficiently high energy enables electric airplanes
Sufficiently low-costenables grid storage
Sufficiently high power replaces starter batteries
Safety of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Catastrophic Failure Mode of Li-IonLithium Dendrite formation
Status
We are soon ready for building pilot manufacturing
Battery assembly partner
In-house pilot line for 100 kg/day battery component production
First pouch cells built
Performance Verified
The State of Bottom-up Nanotech
Shimon Peres 1923-2016
“Ultimately, Nanotechnology is about doing more with less”
?
SW Cheaper & Faster
Lower CapExSmaller general teams
Easier to ScaleNo logisticsOpen source, APIs etc
More ProfitableHigher marginsLower marginal costs
Lower Barrier to Entry
Is Hardware the new Software?
HW Cheap & Fast
Low CapExSmall specialized teams
Easy to ScaleOutsourced supply/distributionOutsourced manufacturing
Very ProfitableHigh margins (from IP/Brand)Low marginal costs
Low Barrier to Entry
SW Cheaper & Faster
Easier to Scale
More Profitable
Lower Barrier to Entry
Revenue?
Competitors
Is Hardware the new Software?
HW Cheap & Fast
Easy to Scale
Very Profitable
Low Barrier to Entry
People Buy Hardware!
Passion/loyalty
Do software companies inspire this?