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Introduction to VXLANBy Mohammed Umair
VXLAN Overview VXLAN provides large number of
broadcast segments as many as 16 million segments
Data-traffic will be forwarded loop free. Data-traffic using VXLAN can be load-
balanced on ECMP.
VXLAN Terminologies (As per RFC-7348) VXLAN - Virtual eXtensible Local Area
Network VM - Virtual Machine VNI – Virtual Network Identifier (or
VXLAN Segment ID) VTEP - VXLAN Tunnel End Point. An
entity that originates and/or terminates VXLAN tunnels
Why VXLAN A Physical Server can have multiple Virtual
machines with its own MAC Current VLAN limit of 4094 is inadequate,
when traffic isolation is required between the group of VM’s across the Data-Center
Further to avoid Loops STP blocks redundant links connected between switches, this is problem since data-center operators pay for each and every port.
Why VXLAN Contd.. Further using STP, one cannot achieve
load-balancing of Data-Traffic. With current Layer2 model, all the
switches in Data-center must have to learn all MAC address for proper forwarding of traffic.
How VXLAN Works VXLAN is a overlay technology, that
works on Layer3 underlay A native/original Data packet will be
encapsulated with VXLAN and IP header in VTEP (VXLAN tunnel end points).
A VTEP is as device that supports VXLAN, they can be end hosts or Network switches/routers.
How VXLAN Works contd… A VTEP will encapsulate a data-packet by adding number of
fields as belowa) Outer media access control (MAC) destination address (MAC address of the tunnel endpoint VTEP, or next Router)b) Outer MAC source address (MAC address of the tunnel source VTEP)c) Outer IP destination address (IP address of the tunnel endpoint VTEP)d) Outer IP source address (IP address of the tunnel source VTEP)e) Outer UDP headerf) A VXLAN header that includes a 24-bit field—called the VXLAN network identifier (VNI)
Thank You