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General high level overview of Amazon EC2, reviewing pricing
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INTRODUCTION TO EC2
Mark Squires II – RAMP51
Charlotte ALT.NET
Target Audience: Senior Developers/Architects
Amazon Web Services
Provider of scalable infrastructure services
Core Cloud ServicesElastic Compute Cloud (EC2)Push/Pull Messaging (SQS/SNS)Simple Data Service (SDB) Durable Storage (S3)
My Favorite Thing About AWS What I love most about AWS is it’s the
only service I pay for monthly that routinely sends me emails with good news.
Its always one of two possible emailsWe have lowered our pricesWe have added features
Not in this powerpoint
Information about non EC2 services Security groups Snapshots,or AMI’s However, we can talk about some of
these things. I just wanted to prevent a 200 slide deck.
AWS Platform Overview
Courtesy of Mike Culver at AWS. (Approved Usage By AWS)
This is actually outdated, as there is a 5th region now in Japan
What is EC2? Primarily Ec2 is the service that will provide you with a virtual
instance that you can remote into (RDP/SSH) Create an instance Create a machine image Create a load balancer Create snap shots of your disks Create static ip address Ability to swap drives and ip addresses between instances Ability to use SSL Termination at the load balancer Ability to define intricate security groups and firewall rules between
security groups and for external CIDR blocks Ability to monitor instances and create alerts Ability to load balance across multiple physical data centers
Ec2 does some other things too that are out of the scope of this presentation.
Components of EC2 Elastic Block Store (EBS) – storage
EBS Snapshotting Amazon CloudWatch – monitoring Amazon Machine Images Auto Scaling – horizontal scaling Elastic Load Balancing Virtual Private Cloud – vpn bridge Elastic IP Address High Performance Compute Clusters VMWare Image Import
Designed Expecting to Fail The cloud is NOT designed to prevent
failure, but to anticipate failure While nearly any application can be
deployed to EC2 the best applications for EC2 have already been designed expecting failures
Non-Committal
No long term commitments required Free to play the field Mix and Match cloud services and cloud
providers
What you get?
The price of an instance is based on attributes of the type of instance you created.
Windows costs more than Linux. (Amazon kindly includes the cost of your windows license in the price)
More memory, more CPU drive up the hourly cost
What’s included?
When you buy an instance you are renting:A fixed allotment of CPU measured in
Elastic Compute Units (ECUs)A fixed allotment of Memory (RAM)Some instance types offer a fixed allotment
of temporary ephemeral storage
Instance Type Classes Micro
t1.micro(*up to 2 ECU)
Standardm1.small(1 ECU)
m1.large(2 ECU * 2 core)
m1.xlarge(2 ECU * 4 core)
High Memorym2.xlarge(3.25 ECU * 2 core)
m2.2xlarge(3.25 ECU * 4 core)
m2.4xlarge(3.25 ECU * 8 core)
High Compute c1.medium c1.xlarge
Cluster Compute cc1.4xlarge
Cluster GPU cg1.4xlarge
Nodes in yellow are 32-bit, other are 64-bit
*t1.micro is burstable, you share the CPU with others and get any unused cpu Cycles when needed
Geez. What does it cost?
There is a sea of pricing options making it very flexible.
You can get very creative in how you manage these costs.
There are three major pricing schemes for an EC2 instance.On-Demand PricingReserved PricingSpot Pricing
It’s Priced HourlyT1.microON-DEMAND
T1.microRESERVED
T1.microSPOT
Windows $0.03 per hour $0.013 per hour Demand Based
Linux $0.02 per hour $0.007 per hour Demand Based
These prices are only for one particular instance size, the T1.MICRO which is the smallest & cheapest instance type
The pricing plans are not only different in pricing, but also have differences in instance availability
An Instance Hour
Each hour or partial hour you are using any EC2 Instance counts as an “Instance Hour” you are billed by the instance hour
On Demand Pricing
Request an instance on demand and use it until you are done with it
More expensive than other pricing options from an hourly perspective
Contingent on Capacity, if AWS has no available capacity for the instance type in the availability zone that you requested, you will get an “out of capacity” error.
Reserved Pricing Plan
Requires a 1 year or 3 year commitment and a corresponding commitment fee
Can’t be used on SQL Server Standard instances
Usually saves ~30-55% for instances that are run continually (24x7)
Guarantees you that an instance for your reservation type in the AZ of your reservation will always be available upon your request
Understanding Reserved Pricing
Reserved Pricing Doesn’t buy you another instance Assume you use a Linux t1.micro instance 24x7 for an entire
year ON-DEMAND. You are paying for 24*365=8760 instance hours @ $0.02
$175.20 per year If you buy a “1 Year Reservation” for a Linux t1.micro instance,
you have simply bought the right to pay $0.007 per hour for ~8760 instance hours during the next year instead of $0.02 per hour.
It doesn’t apply to any particular ec2 instance, it’s more of a billing discount, the 1 year reservation you just purchased will be automatically apply to one of your existing instances that match the reservation criteria
It does however guarantee that at least one type of this instance will be available for your use whenever you need it
Spot Pricing How Amazon monetizes all it’s available
resources Works like the stock market More Demand = Higher Price Bid based model, people who Bid more will
steal resources from the person with the lowest bid
Should only be used to host applications that have tolerance for being randomly shut down without notice
Usually the cheapest pricing, but not always
ASP.NET on EC2 Easily load balance your ASP.NET app using
an EC2 Elastic Load Balancer SQL Server can be costly unless your
application can run on SQL Server Express RAMP51 is currently running multiple asp.net
websites using1 – ELB (to allow easy horizontal scaling)1 - t1.micro 1 - m1.small (hosting SQL express)1 – db.m1.small MySQL RDS Instance1 – Simple DB Database
Creative Cost Savings Horizontal scaling up of application tiers during
peak hours and down during slow hours, reducing instance hours to be paid for; via Auto Scaling groups or Spot Instance Tier Blooming (I made this term up I think)
Spot Instance Tier BloomingBlooming your web tier with extra instance based on
spot pricing, for example (add as many t1.micro instances to my web tier as I can get for $0.10/hr during the hours of 9am est – 5pm est
Not sure any applications exist yet that will do this but its an idea I’ve been pondering
More Cost Savings
Using MySql via Amazon RDS Using SimpleDB Service Using a SQL Azure instance from your
EC2 Instance (haven’t tested latency of this)
Moving web assets onto S3/CloudFront reducing bandwidth costs and load on instances
Instance Management
All instances have basic CloudWatch monitoring which monitors IO, CPU, Memory
Detailed monitoring is available which monitors at a higher interval than basic
AWS is driven by a powerful set of APIs so you either need to write code or use a tool to manage your AWS resources
Major Tools Available ElasticFox – Firefox plugin, which I happen to prefer
for most tasksOpen source, but it appears Amazon stopped updating it
mid 2010There is probably some space for another open source
version aside from elastic fox Amazon Web Console – supports a lot of
management functionsDoes more than elasticfoxUseful for many services not just EC2
Command Line Tools available for all services. The command line tools are usually the first to support new features.
Auto Scaling EC2 offers the ability for you to automatically scale
a group of services up and down based on a metric
For example, you have an auto-scaling group that has 2 instances serving web requests
You could define an auto-scaling rule such as: if the avg. CPU usage exceed 85% for longer than 5 minutes add 2 more instances, and when the avg. CPU drops below 50% for more than 20 minutes shut down two instances
There are a wide variety of configurations you can create that can leverage a number of metrics
Demonstration
Auto-Scaling an ASP.NET App that writes to Simple DB for shared data access
http://cltaltnetdemo.ramp51.com
Setting up CMD Tools
IAM Toolshttp://bit.ly/fb6Va6
EC2 Toolshttp://bit.ly/h7dIxA
ELB Toolshttp://bit.ly/fAm90a
Useful Links
EC2 Overviewhttp://aws.amazon.com/ec2/
EC2 Pricinghttp://aws.amazon.com/ec2/pricing/
AWS Bloghttp://aws.typepad.com/
AWS SDK for .NEThttp://aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/
