Introduction to Cloud Computing

© 2013 IBM Corporation

Understanding The Cloud

IBM Education

1

by Alessandro Iudica

Understanding the Cloud v1.0, December 2014

© 2014 IBM Corporation2

Agenda

1. Welcome & Introduction

2. What is Cloud?

3. IBM and Cloud

4. Cloud solutions for IBM partners

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Cloud we already know

All of us use for personal or business reasons, on regular basis, at least one or more cloud services like:

E-mail client: Gmail, Yahoo mail, MS Outlook (formerly Hotmail)…

Backup: Dropbox, iCloud, Google drive, MS OneDrive (formerly SkyDrive)…

Applications: Adobe Creative Cloud, Google Docs, MS Office 365 (formerly Business Productivity Online Suite)…

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Agenda


2. What is Cloud?

3. IBM and Cloud


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Answering the 1st question: What is Cloud?

In IT the term cloud computing indicates a number of technologies that enable delivering services for data archiving or elaboration trough hardware and software, by using resources distributed and virtualized, typically in a Client-Server architecture.

The core technologies for cloud are: virtualization, networking and storage; the combination of these technologies permit to deliver different levels of services.

Every day we use different cloud services that were impossible 10 yeas ago but the concept of cloud computing is more than 60 years old; at that time it was intended to make available the computational power of mainframes sharing “CPU Time”. For this purpose technologies were developed to use machines from distance via remote access.

IBM was the first company to deploy technologies for cloud computing on its mainframes and still continues to innovate its offering with newer and more powerful solutions like Watson, the next big step in artificial intelligence and Big Data analysis.

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Fundamentals of Cloud

Another definition: “Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demandnetwork access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers,storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimalmanagement effort or service provider interaction.”

National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST)

Cloud computing permits the use of remote resources on different systems and globally; it’s availability is strongly dependent on network and delivery model of the cloud service.

Cloud computing enables companies to outsource part of its IT infrastructure drastically reducing TCO (total cost of ownership) and moving costs from CAPEX (capital expenditure, assets value decreases with use) to OPEX (operational expenditure, pay per use model).

The flexibility of technical solutions has the consequence of extreme scalability of resources that may be rapidly adjusted to fit different workloads.

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Source: If applicable, describe source origin


What is the big deal about virtualization?

A variety of operating systems can be used on the same physical server

Servers can be automatically turned off when not needed

An Instance can be defined to optimized resources as required

Customers need fewer physical servers

Lower capital investments

Energy savings

Effective resource consolidation

Easier to manage

For example, moving the workload from one physical machine to another is simply as dragging

a folder

Able to automatically add capacity as the load increases

Imagine how the demand on a mail server might changes throughout a 24 hr period

More resources can be added as the demand increases and removed as the demand decreases

You can attach a Security VM directly to the internet and have all other VMs controlled by

the hypervisor come through it and if there is a security breach, it only impacts the Security VM.


Common mistake: “Virtualization is needed to do cloudcomputing”

This is NOT true

You can provide cloud capability via bare metal servers (just like SoftLayer does) A bare metal cloud server is dedicated to a specific tenant, not shared among tenants.

As such, the basic “unit” is an actual server: customers choose the type of serverconfiguration they want from a menu offered by the provider.


Cloud characteristics

Essential Characteristics (benefits):

On-demand self-service A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and

network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with eachservice provider.

Broad network access Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms

that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones,tablets, laptops, and workstations).

Resource pooling The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a

multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assignedand reassigned according to consumer demand. There is a sense of locationindependence in that the customer generally has no control or knowledge over the exactlocation of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level ofabstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter). Examples of resources include storage,processing, memory, and network bandwidth.


Cloud characteristics Rapid elasticity

Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released, in some cases automatically, toscale rapidly outward and inward commensurate with demand. To the consumer, thecapabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can beappropriated in any quantity at any time.

Measured service Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering

capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage,processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can be monitored,controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and consumer ofthe utilized service.


Virtualization Resources can be shared between many computing resources (physical servers or

application servers). Provide more efficient utilization of IT resources and reducehardware cost through resource consolidations and economies-of-scale. Lower TotalCost of Ownership and improving asset utilization.

The main advantage of virtualization in cloud computing is that the software isdecoupled from the hardware. Decoupling allows hosting an individual application inan environment that is isolated from underlying operating system.

Virtual machines are completely isolated from hosts and other virtual machines(crash of a virtual machine does not affect other virtual machines).

Service Automation Management IT environments that provide the capability to request, deliver, and manage IT

services automatically. Reduce IT operational costs by automating the processes usedto deliver and manage a cloud computing environment.

Other cloud computing benefits


Delivery models

Cloud services can provide a customer with different delivery models based on different layers of services that can be offered:

IaaS: Infrastructure as a Service is the delivery model where cloud provider delivers a virtual infrastructure where an Hypervisor (software) runs virtual servers as hosts. Everything on server is managed by customer.

PaaS: Platform as a Service is the model where the cloud provider manages also OSs and middleware on customer’s virtual servers.

SaaS: Software as a Service is the most comprehensive model where provider manages also applications on customer’s servers, in addiction to what delivered by previous models.

Each one of this level of service can be delivered as public cloud, private cloud and hybrid that is a combination of the two before.

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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

High VolumeTransactions

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Servers Networking Storage

Middleware

Collaboration

Business Processes

CRM/ERP/HR

Industry Applications

Data Center Fabric

Shared, virtualized, dynamic provisioning

Database

Web 2.0 ApplicationRuntime

JavaRuntime

DevelopmentTooling

Web delivered applications. These applications can be anything from Web-based email to inventory control and database processing. Because the applications and the data are “hosted” in the cloud, the end user is free to use the service from anywhere over the internet. Applications are sold based on usage. Salesforce.com is an example

Platform-as-a-service in the cloud is defined as a set of software and product development tools hosted on the infrastructure. Developers create applications on the Vendor’s platform over the Internet. GoogleApps is an example.

Infrastructure-as-a-Service provides virtual server instances with unique IP addresses and blocks of storage on demand. Customersuse the provider's application program interface (API) to start, stop, access and configure their virtual servers and storage. In theenterprise, cloud computing allows a company to pay for only as much capacity as is needed, and bring more online as soon asrequired. Amazon Web Services is an example.


Cloud options – Deployment models

Public Cloud

Private Cloud

Hybrid Cloud


A virtual private cloud (VPC) is dedicated to a single customer within a public cloud.The virtual private cloud extends the customer network into the cloud provider’s “space”, makingthe additional resources available on demand.


Private cloud Public Cloud

Employee information or other sensitive data typically restricted to the enterprise

Test systems and environments

Workloads composed of multiple, co-dependent services

Pre-production systems and environments

Workloads requiring customization Mature packaged offerings, like e-mail and collaboration

Workloads based on third-party software that does not have a virtualization or cloud-aware licensing

strategy

Storage solutions (including storage as a service)

High throughput online transaction processing Backup solutions (including backup and restore as a service)

Batch processing jobs with limited security requirements

Data-intensive workloads if the provider has a cloud storage offering linked to the cloud compute

Workload types – cloud suitability (public vs. private)


Agenda


2. What is Cloud?

3. IBM and Cloud


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© 2014 IBM Corporation19 For IBM Internal Use Only

Cloud growth forecast


IBM has helped more than 30,000 clients around the world with 40,000 industry experts. Sinceits acquisition in 2013, IBM SoftLayer has served 4,500 new cloud clients. Today, IBM has 100+cloud SaaS solutions, thousands of experts with deep industry knowledge helping clientstransform and a network of 40 data centers worldwide. Since 2007, IBM has invested morethan $7 billion in 17 acquisitions to accelerate its cloud initiatives and build a high value cloudportfolio. IBM holds 1,560 cloud patents focused on driving innovation. In fact, IBM for the 21stconsecutive year topped the annual list of US patent leaders. IBM processes more than 5.5Mclient transactions daily through IBM's public cloud.

About IBM Cloud Computing

© 2013 IBM Corporation

IBM Hardware solutions

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System z

PureSystemsIntegrated expertise Systems

System Storage

Power Systems

System x

• IBM System Z

• OS: z/OS, z/VM, LinuxMainframe

• IBM System p

• OS: AIX, LinuxPower

• IBM System x

• OS: Windows Server, LinuxIntel (x86)

© 2013 IBM Corporation22 http://w3.ibm.com/news/w3news/top_stories/2008/05/stgswg_acquisitionmap.html

Software acquisitions

http://w3.ibm.com/news/w3news/top_stories/2008/05/stgswg_acquisitionmap.html


Software acquisitions

Nearly $42B on more than 150 acquisitions since the beginning of 2000


Summary – Virtualization and cloud offerings

CPU

Memory

Storage

Network

Hypervisor

Virtual Machine

Additional cloud services

• Monitoring• Costing• SLA• Automation• Etc.

Virtualization

Resource pool(e.g. server / storage

farm)

IBM Offerings

Formally known as SCE + (Smart Cloud Enterprise)


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Comparison – Key points for Flex Systems

Power Systems and PowerVM– PowerVM is only available on Power Systems hardware (p24L, p260, p460)– Power Systems hardware always comes with PowerVM– PowerVM can be controlled through Flex System Manager– IBM has a Statement of Direction to support KVM on Power Linux machines– This will only support Linux VMs on specific Power Linux hardware (p24L)

x86 (Intel) Systems Virtualization– VMware, KVM and Hyper-V run on x86 hardware (x220, x240, x440)– VMware is the current market leader in x86 virtualization– Each provides their own management options– All these options can be controlled through Flex System Manager– Usually hardware benchmarks are performed with no virtualization– Software virtualization has an impact on system performance

Linux Kernel Virtualization Manager (KVM)– Open-source software leveraged by various companies– Including Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization (RHEV)


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Virtualization types - suitability

PowerVM– Supported software packages (ie Oracle database and applications, SAP etc)– Large virtual machines required (>2TB ram, >64 cores)– Multiple variable workloads (can use full DLPAR technologies)– Multiple varied workloads consolidated onto single server– Mission critical workloads requiring high RAS levels– Oracle databases licensed per core require fewer licenses

VMware ESXi– Running multiple Windows and Linux operating systems– High levels of availability required (use clustering)– Medium-large workloads running at fairly constant levels

Microsoft Hyper-V– Consolidating multiple Windows based workloads– VDI implementations running Windows XP or 7– Running only medium sized VMs – small VMs can affect performance

Linux KVM– Consolidating multiple Linux based workloads– Running a fully open-source environment– Running small clusters of inexpensive hardware


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Highlights

PowerVM+ Most reliable, most resilient, can reduce software licensing costs with hard partitioning– Limited application availability, more expensive hardware than x86, no support for Windows

Operating Systems

VMware+ Good operating system and application support, market leader on x86– Limited scaling capability, requires clustering for HA, using extra system resources

Microsoft Hyper-V+ Windows feel for familiarity, works well with Microsoft OSes and applications– Most security vulnerabilities, not as flexible as other offerings, uses most resources

Linux KVM+ Open-source so easily adaptable and constantly developed, community support– No fixed structure, limited scalability, not yet proven in enterprises


About IBM Cloud Computing


Agenda


2. What is Cloud?

3. IBM and Cloud


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What are the benefits and the caveats to consider when considering moving a customer to cloud?

Transition form a classical It infrastructure to cloud must be evaluated with maximum care for different reasons:

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Pros Cons

Reduced TCO of IT infrastructure

Elevated costs of transition from old infrastructure

Reduced time for system deployment

Limited by network availability and infrastructures

Remote management Data location and privacy laws

Outsourcing Unknown ROI

Scalability Provider dependent if not based on Open standards

Pay as you go Not suitable for all business


Iaas, Paas, Saas Comparison

© 2014 IBM Corporation32 32

Return Of Investment - Possible changes for organization

All depends on cloud solution / approach client prefers.

E.g. Company moves all apps to SaaS model with external cloud provider – Minimum administrators needed (all is being managed by cloud provider)– Significant reduction of cost for IT infra and resources in all directions

E.g company moves wants to use PaaS model with external cloud provider– Less work for administrators is expected (no installation, no license procurement,

no server management)

E.g company moves Infra to IaaS model with external cloud provider– Less people needed for server management (due to server consolidation, SaaS

options)–Administrators could focus from physical -> to virtual administration (IaaS)–Monitoring

• Performed by cloud provider (e.g. CMS example)• Performed by own employees (e.g. typically SoftLayer situation)

– Less approvals needed (smoother process – provisioning vs. procurement of physical HW)


ROI - Possible changes for organization


Five key elements for a successful Cloud sale

Address these five key elements as you engage with the client.

1. Determine if Cloud is a good fit for the client. Does it meet the business needs?

2. Understand the impacts of organization, culture, and process.

3. Identify key areas of automation and Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) integration.

4. Define technology and process standards.

5. Identify targeted workloads and migration considerations.


What is ROI Analytics and why is it important for Cloud?

Return on Investment – ROI is the financial return expected for a new operation model

Essentially, this involves quantifying the following:– Operational costs of the current IT process– Operational costs of performing the same using the cloud-

based service– Investment needed to enable the cloud-based service– Effect on other processes directly and indirectly affected by the

IT process being targeted– Investments and benefits of add-on software and services

Interactions and interdependencies between businessprocesses and the IT processes significantly affect the costsand benefits the transformation

Principles of ROI analysis – Invariable processes are not considered– Risk factors have to be taken into account– Business gains (e.g. financial gain from speed to market, new

products etc) are not calculated. These are typically calculatedin a business case.


Challenges of ROI Analytics for Cloud

The Challenge

Need common processes, models and tools to drive consistency of our offerings

Models & tools need to support pre-Sales through to Consulting

Should have common look and feel to ease adoption and show consistency with customers

Must be easily maintained with product releases and always reflect current capabilities of the offering

Must be accessible by our sales channels (Face to Face, Inside Sales, and Business Partners)

Content Challenges

Need ability to quickly “run a ROI” with minimal data while maintain flexibility to “expand” the details to fine tune model if information is available

Do not require detailed information to be provided about the customer environment if not available

Default values must be both industry & geo accepted for cases in which customer-specific data is not available

Provide ability to expose calculations or detailed data points where sensible in the results views to enable deeper analysis

Hosted – to ensure you always have latest version and data available

A common “agreed upon” method for calculating and presenting ROI and TCO is needed to insure consistency of analysis and messaging around our offerings.


Cloud Strategy Framework (1 of 5)










Strategy framework - key dimensions for Cloud adoption

Business Models

• Enables industry, enterprise, and business unit initiatives to drive step-change market

performance

• Includes front-office and back-office transformation, leveraging Cloud ecosystem–drive new

revenue, channel, and product opportunities

• Drives opportunities ranging from optimization and innovation to highly disruptive plays

Application and Delivery

Platforms

• Leverages variable service models for application software to enhance process agility and

economics

• Enhances product and services architecture

• Drives extreme innovation

• Drives enhanced productivity in IT, improving cycle time execution in software delivery–

promotes workforce transformation and Application Portfolio Management and Project

Portfolio Management (APM/PPM)

Data Platforms

• Leverages variable service models to align enterprise capabilities in data

transformation and management

• Drives actions to optimize process through efficient information

management, reporting, and predictive analytics

• Enhances results through complex event processing of structured and

unstructured information sources

Infrastructure Platforms

• Leverages robust, scalable, and highly available computing platforms to

manage the enterprise and ecosystem

• Integrates hybrid Cloud networks to ensure ‘friction free’ access to

capabilities

Summary


Cloud Infrastructure Strategy and Design uses a structured approach to identify potential Cloud opportunities and develop a high-level implementation plan

Cloud Infrastructure Strategy and Design

Overview and

strategic alignment

Review current IT and business environment

Introduce Cloud concepts and analysis framework

Determine IT provider relationship profile

Review IT priorities

Cloud Opportunity Identification

Identify potential Cloud opportunity areas

Determine desired Cloud targets

Assess potential Cloud workloads

Current IT Environment Assessment

Review overall IT readiness for Cloud

Analyze current IT environment and the future requirements to support Cloud

Define gaps in current IT capabilities

Prioritization of IT Enhancements

Assign priority and estimated effort to closing each Cloud-related IT gap

Review overall enabling program

Recommendation

Cloud computing opportunity analysis

IT environment gap assessment

Cloud readiness assessment

High-level Cloud roadmap

The challenge:

Should we utilize Cloud Services? Why?

Which workloads should I consider moving to Cloud?

Which specific IT improvements would we need to make?

What is my roadmap for Cloud to maximize my ROI?

What do we do:

Determine the Cloud model most appropriate for your business

Analyze your IT workload characteristics to determine which should be migrated to Cloud

Analyze your current IT capabilities in order to successfully achieve your desired Cloud computing goals

Produce a roadmap of IT improvements required over a 2-3 year period to implement a Cloud computing environment

Value delivered:

Gain information needed make a strategic decision on where and how to implement Cloud computing in your environment.

Identify opportunities to reduce costs

Accelerate Cloud deployment by removing impediments

Avoid the mistakes of implementing Cloud without a plan


Business Model opportunities are characterized relative to the Cloud Enablement Framework

This characterization clarifies client value expectations for Cloud implementation.

*Disruptors* create radically different value propositions, generate new customer needs and segments, and even new industry eco-systems.

*Innovators* significantly extend customer value propositions resulting in new revenue streams and transform their role within their industry or enter a different industry ecosystem.

*Optimizers* use the Cloud to incrementally enhance their customer value propositions while improving their organization’s efficiency.

Organizations should determine how and to

what degree Cloud can be used to enable

their business model.

Imp

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Tra

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rea

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Enhance Extend Invent

Va

lue

Ch

ain

Customer Value Proposition

Optimizers

Disruptors

Innovators

Cloud Enablement Framework

Imp

rove

Tra

nsfo

rmC

rea

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Enhance Extend Invent

Va

lue

Ch

ain

Customer Value Proposition

Optimizers

Disruptors

Innovators

Cloud Enablement Framework


Network and resiliency services ensure that Cloud infrastructure integrates seamlessly with the enterprise IT architecture

Network Services

Collection of data on the current and planned networking and IT environments

Analysis of the networking infrastructure, organization, and processes

Development of options to meet Cloud computing requirements

Review of recommendations with technical staff

Creation of an actionable roadmap with recommendations for next steps

SmartCloud Resiliency Scenarios

Self-Managed

Create virtualized, scalable Cloud environment to backup and recover your traditional data center services across several service tiers

Hybrid Cloud

Subscribe to Cloud environment that you buy on a pay-per-use basis with varying rates based upon resilience requirements for appropriate data services

Resilience as a Service

Blend private and public Cloud services to meet your business demands for agility as well as risk appetite for sensitive applications and data


WTA offers a quantitative method to determine Cloud fit, cost, and benefit and identifies gaps to be addressed in the transition plan

The Challenge:

• Now that I’m ready for cloud, which workloads fit my target cloud(s)? (For example: IBM public cloud, private cloud, hybrid)

• What is the migration impact?

• What is the real cost benefit of moving those workloads to the cloud?

Value Delivered:

• Automates manual tasks to reduce analysis time by up to 66%

• Workload point of view : analyzes both business applications and infrastructure components, for fit for target cloud(s)

• Provides a more granular and quantitative analysis than prior methods

• Leveraged by our own company to determine which applications IBM will move to cloud

• Through an IBM research based algorithm and filtering, provides the quantitative analysis needed to understand the cost/benefit of moving to cloud

• Identifies and prioritizes workloads for possible delivery from a target cloud and quantifies the benefit

• Provides the analytics needed for better decision making when moving to cloud

Workloads most attractive to move to Cloud for your business

IBM Cloud Workload Analysis ToolUsing an IBM Research developed tool, we perform a “pains-versus-gains”analysis to prioritize your workloads according to their characteristics and

affinity for deployment from a Cloud environment.

Effort Pain

SAP

BW

App JK

Cal Center Users Client XYZ com

ExchangeApp NM

Valu

e /

Gain

Cloud Readiness Gap Analysis ToolWe analyze the readiness to migrate to Cloud. Output identifies gaps and an

optimized transition plan to overcome them.

Service Executive Infrastructure

Service Automation

Integration Infrastructure Services

Collaboration Service UNIX Service

CE-based Service

Usage Service

Master Data Management (MDM)

Information Integration Service

Database and Information

Access Services

Center Management

Information Lifestyle Management

(ILM)

Enterprise Architecture

IT Governance & Management Contents

Sub-Center Management Services

Offering Support Services IT Host Resources

IT Storage Resources

IT Network Resources

Financial Management

Service Support

Service Deployment

Service Delivery

Security and

Compliance Management

Gap analysis indicating the readiness of your infrastructure to move selected workloads to

the cloud

Workload Transformation Analysis (WTA)


Examples of workload migration considerations

Application Readiness Migrating legacy applications based on old technologies to a cloud-based infrastructure will not

bring the right benefits. Some of the questions to be considered are -> Is the application web-based?Will it benefit from a multi-tenant architecture? Can it scale out? Does it really need elasticity?

Data Ownership and Access The application, the hardware, the operating system and everything else can potentially be owned

by the cloud service provider. But the data is what the intellectual property is predicated upon andone should be able take ownership of the data as he/she sees fit.

The cloud subscription gives access to the functionality of the application or function that one canuse. If that access is removed, can one still access the data, so he/she can retain ownership?

Data Volumes Cloud is great for off-site elastic computing, where extra resources can be applied in the form of

more compute power or more storage. However as the storage capability grows, migrating terabytesof data across a WAN can be a problem.

Integration Applications running in the Cloud will require integration with applications running on-premise and

other applications in the Cloud. A robust integration platform is required to be available to facilitatethis. SOA and BPM providers play a critical role in minimizing integration challenges.

Management and Monitoring The application architecture should have provisions to provide good control to administrators on

various management aspects.


Cost Analysis The business case for Cloud application migration is required to take the target Cloud platform into

consideration. The migration and overhead costs vary widely based on the target Cloud platform andthus will skew the estimated cost savings. Cost analysis helps decide whether to go ahead withmoving a particular application to the Cloud or not from a TCO/ROI perspective. Cost should includecapital expenditure, operational expenditure, and overhead costs involved in migration.

Migration options Defining a migration strategy involves understanding the different migration options available,

establishing business priorities, and evolving a strategy that offers a fine balance between costs andmeeting business priorities. Basically, enterprises have two core options with a cloud infrastructure -private or public. Against these, they have the following migration paths to consider - Infrastructureas a Service (IaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS) or Platform as a Service (PaaS). The choice is drivenby priorities such as elasticity, business model, security, migration costs, etc. It is not uncommon fora large enterprise to leverage a hybrid approach in any of the migration options and paths.

Transition process Actual process of migration, helps service providers realize the target IaaS architecture as a detailed

design, covering the network, server, SAN, tools, processes, and people required for an operationalmodel. It is underpinned by existing core competencies in network, compute, storage, tools, andprocess improvement and expertise in delivering advanced, virtualized data centers.

Examples of workload migration considerations


Summary

Be creative Think “solution” not product.

Be a Cloud Orchestrator Bring together the best combination of tools and techniques.

Envision the desired end state Ask yourself, “What is driving or inspiring the move to Cloud for this client?”

© 2014 BM Corporation50

• Think academy – Cloud >> https://w3.ibm.com/ibm/thinkacademy/#/home• Cloud burst program >> http://eureka.bluehost.ibm.com/ • Cloud university >> http://university.atlanta.ibm.com/cloud/• Cloud & Smarter infrastructure Lab services and support >> Https://csite.tivlab.austin.ibm.com/home/index -

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• IBM winning stories – Market Wires Archives >>https://w3-connections.ibm.com/wikis/home?lang=en-us#!/wiki/Wdfcdd218c0e5_4d83_96e5_b62ca23e8a40/page/Archives_MarketWire

•Example of client experience for cloud (accessible via MarketWires bulletin) - link

Useful Cloud links

https://w3.ibm.com/ibm/thinkacademy/

http://eureka.bluehost.ibm.com/

http://university.atlanta.ibm.com/cloud/

http://university.atlanta.ibm.com/cloud/

https://csite.tivlab.austin.ibm.com/home/index

https://w3-connections.ibm.com/communities/service/html/memberjoinsubmit?communityUuid=0e4495a0-c36f-4dd4-9cda-f97900baadd0

https://w3-connections.ibm.com/wikis/home?lang=en-us

http://w3-01.ibm.com/sales/ssi/cgi-bin/ssialias?appname=crmd&subtype=wn&infotype=rf&htmlfid=0CRDD-9J8ASU