INTRODUCTION INTERNET

FA-1 ACTIVITYMADE BY : ABHAY GOYAL

754X-B

INTRODUCTION

•When two devices are connected

together and can transverse signals is called NETWORKING.

WHAT IS NETWORKING ?

• When two or more computer connected together and can share data as well as resources is called COMPUTER NETWORK.

• Internet is a global network of computer networks that can exchange all type of data and information's through out the world.

WHAT IS COMPUTER NET WORK?

HISTORY OF COMPUTER

• The seeds of internet were planted in 1969 by U.S department of defense

that’s why it named ARPANET (ADVANCE RESEARCH PROJECTS

AGENCY NETWORK).

• The main purpose of ARPANET was to connect different universities of U.S and U.S department of defence to communicate different development of U.S army. ARPANET wasn’t allow for general people

• IN 1980 the name of ARPANET become NSF net (NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NATWORK). The main purpose of NSF net was academic research and to promote business in U.S.A

• In 1995, with the development of windows 95 operating system NSF net allowed to access by general public and its named changed to INTERNET.

HOW DOES INTERNET WORK ?

Internet is a network of networks it means smaller network connect with internet backbone through gateways.

GATEWAY:- Gateway is a device that connects two dissimilar network.

BACKBONE:-Backbone is a interconnection structure that connects

one or more networks.

Following five steps are required to function an

Internet:-

1. At the source computer the message or file\document to be sent to another

computer is firstly divided in to very small parts called PACKETS. A packet generally

contains up to 1500 characters.

. Each packet is given a number serial wise e.g..1, 2,3.

3.All these packets are then sent to the address of destination computer.

4.The destination computer receives the packets in random manner.(It may even

receive packet 10 before packet 1 arrives).If a packet is garbled or lost, it

is demanded again.

5.The packets are reassembled in the order of their number and the original

message\file\document is obtained

USES OF INTERNET

ADVANTAGES

1.Best communication medium.2.Greater access to information that reduce research time3.Any type of data can transfer using internet.4.Increase in business due to e-commerce.

DISADVANTAGES

1.Cyber frauds has increase that involves misuse of debit/ credit cards.

2.Internet is the greatest source of computer viruses.

3.The information which we download fro the net may be in relevant

TYPES OF CONNECTON

1.Dial- up connection:-It is a temporary connection provided by ISPC(internet service provider). Each machine required MODEM to connect with the ISP server. The data transfer speed is less in dial- up connection.Broadband connection:-Data transfer in the form of digital signals that is 0 and 1. The speed of broadband connection measure in MBPS

Wireless connection:- An internet connection without any wire connectivity is called wireless connection. They are of two types:-

1.wi-fi:-It is a fidelity. It is a technique in which we can connect our laptops on the internet in a limited and specific area wire help of an a login and a password.

2.wi-max:- It is a wireless digital communication system that works up to 30miles means with in a city.

WORLD WIDE WEB

It is a set of program ,standards and protocols that helps to access internet world wide.

The attributes of WWW :-1. Its user friendly 2. Multimedia supported 3. Hypertext and hyperlink supported 4. interactive

WEB BROWSERS It is a set of programs, use to navigate different websites.

They are of two types:-1. Graphical :- graphical web

browser support text, audio, video and images.

2.Text web browser:- These web browser can access only text data.

e.g.:-LYNX

WEB SERVERIt is a program that runs on a computer and provide internet connections. Its major functions are:-1.Serfing web pages 2.Accessing gateway3.Controling the server4.Maintaining the statistics of the internet access.

WEBSITES &WEBPAGES

The hypertext data that supported by internet is called webpages and connection of webpages is called websites . A complete unique websites address which works under http: is called URL. The different types of URL are as follow:- com-commercial, .edu-education, .org-non-profit, .NET- It provide network resources, .Gov-government.Ex- country codes – for INDIA is in