Inside architecture

Inside ArchitectureWhat I meant to say at dotnetsheff 2016/08/02

Zeb MasonCopyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

http://www.meetup.com/dotnetsheff/

Agenda: Frivolity, Theory & Tools Copyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

The Colosseum Copyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

The ColosseumRomeCopyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

Roman Architecture? Copyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

Yes Copyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

Yes and noCopyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

Framework Architecture Copyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

Framework Architecture Why?Copyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

It’s full of holes! Copyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

The humble scarab beetle

Copyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

Ancient Egyptians saw the god Ra rolling the sun around the heavens


But is this how you feel when trying to get to grips with your code?


Note that’s not a big ball of mud

http://www.laputan.org/mud/

Architects drawArchitecture

in VisioCopyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

Architects drawArchitecture Marketing

in VisioCopyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

Architecture Marketing


Markitecture


Markitecture


Markitecture

Box


Markitecture

Boxin a box


Markitecture

Boxin a boxin a box


Markitecture

Boxin a boxin a box to keep

things tidy


Markitecture

Gradient fill implies vague

boundaries?Copyright © 2016 by Zeb Mason

Theory

Leonhard Euler


The Seven Bridges of Königsberg


Graph Theory


Directed graphs

C

B D

A


Structure matrix

C

B D

A

A B C DAB 1C 1 1D


Sorted

C

B D

A

A B D CAB 1DC 1 1


Cycles don’t sort out

C

B D

A

A B D C EAB 1 1DC 1 1E 1

E


Carl Friedrich Gauss


Triangular numbers•Add 1 + 2 + 3 + … + N


Triangular numbers•Add 1 + 2 + 3 + … + N•Add N + N-1 + … + 1


Triangular numbers•Add 1 + 2 + 3 + … + N•Add N + N-1 + … + 1•So N lots of N + 1



•Sum is



•Sum is •Schoolboy maths!


Edges in a graph•Undirected graph•N nodes•+1 node => +N edges• i.e. triangular number •Max /2 edges

•Directed graph•Double the sum•Max edges








MetricsCyclomatic number:

E + P – N Cyclomatic complexity:

E + 2P – Nwhere

E is the number of edgesP is the number of parts


Metric invarianceCyclomatic number:

E + P – N = 2 + 1 – 3= 0



E + P – N = 2 + 2 – 4= 0



E + P – N = 3 + 1 – 4= 0



E + P – N = 2 + 1 – 3+ 1 + 1 – 2 = 0


Spot the difference

3 layer architecture

3 tier architecture

A

B

C

A

B

C


Spot the difference


3 tier architecture

A

B

C

A

B

C

using B


Spot the difference


3 tier architecture

A

B

C

A

B

C

using C

using B


Spot the difference


3 tier architecture

A

B

C

A

B

C

address of B

using C

using B


Spot the difference


3 tier architecture

A

B

C

A

B

C

address of B

address of Cusing C

using B


Find architecture patterns in code• Dependency analysis• e.g. Layered architecture

• Heap analysis• e.g. Tiered architecture

• Change in heap• e.g.


Find design patterns in code• Dependency analysis• e.g. Factory method

• Heap analysis• e.g.




• Heap analysis• e.g. Composite




• Heap analysis• e.g. Composite

• Change in heap• e.g. State machine


Tools•Ndepend•Lattix•structure101•Visual Studio•DeepEnds•NsDepCop


Tools•NDepend•Lattix•structure101•Visual Studio•DeepEnds•NsDepCop


Visual Studio 2015

$2999 p.a.


Visual Studio 2015

$2999 p.a.


Visual Studio 2015

$2999 p.a.

•Create digraphs in Enterprise•Save as a DGML file•Open in Community or Professional





• Visual Studio extension• Listed on Visual Studio gallery

• Input• csproj files

• parsed by Roslyn• .NET assemblies

• decompiled by Mono.Cecil• vcxproj.filter files

• Output• DGML file

• Structured by namespace or filter• Nodes hyperlink to source code files

• HTML report• Cyclomatic number• Underlying dependencies




















A DGML file - inside Mono.Cecil


Expand Mono.CompilerServices


Expand Mono.CompilerServices.SymbolWrite

r


A cycle is spotted


Why the cycle?


Concrete class inherits interfacenamespace Mono.CompilerServices.SymbolWriter{

public class CompileUnitEntry : ICompileUnit{}

}


Interface returns concrete class!namespace Mono.CompilerServices.SymbolWriter{

public class CompileUnitEntry : ICompileUnit{}

public interface ICompileUnit{

CompileUnitEntry Entry {get;

}}

}


Underlying dependencies


Summary of metrics


The effect of time and refactoring




NsDepCop• Some dependency analysis tools enforce design intent by rules• i.e. one component cannot depend on another• e.g. NsDepCop rules on namespace dependencies

• These rules can be run automatically• e.g. NsDepCop is run by MSBuild• Rule violations can be acted upon


https://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/4e15aabe-d321-4886-933d-91efa5695237

The End• Related articles on CodeProject• As-Is Software Architecture• Dive into Architecture with DeepEnds

• Source on GitHub• zebmason/itdepends• zebmason/netdepends

• Extension on Visual Studio gallery• DeepEnds


http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/1098935/As-Is-Software-Architecture

http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/1115494/Dive-into-Architecture-with-DeepEnds

http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/1115494/Dive-into-Architecture-with-DeepEnds

https://github.com/zebmason/itdepends



https://github.com/zebmason/netdepends



https://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/4c9c5d41-46d2-409d-8c83-9d6d4d9e86bc

Technology

Inside architecture