Impact of deforestration on climate and enviornment by asim and fatima

A Group Assignment byFatima Masood & Asim bin Waheed

IMPACT OF DEFORESTATION ON CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENT

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DEFORESTATION• Deforestation is

the "permanent removal of standing forests”

• Deforestation include conversion of forestland to farms or urban use

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DEFORESTATION• Forests currently cover only 2.5 per

cent of Pakistani land area, the country has the highest annual deforestation rate in Asia, according to the latest findings of the World Wide Fund for Nature

• 61,000 hectares (approx over 151,500 acres) of forest land have been converted to non-forest use in the country since its inception

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CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION IN PAKISTANPakistan is one of those countries where rate of deforestation is extremely higher. The main cause of deforestation in Pakistan is the day-by-day increase in population which increases requirement of the food and land for residential purpose. In addition, the requirement for furniture, other household products and fuel is also increasing


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CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION IN PAKISTAN

People are clearing forests to make residential colonies, roads between and within cities and for agriculture usage. Wood, which is gained by these forests and trees, is used to make building materials, furniture, paper products and is used as firewood in most rural areas of the country


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IMPACT OF DEFORESTATION ON CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTDeforestation not only affects the climate by increasing the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide but also affects the environment by inhibiting water recycling, triggering severe flooding, aquifer depletion, soil degradation and the extinction of plant and animal species


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IMPACT OF DEFORESTATION ON CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTCutting down forests will cause a decline in photosynthetic activity which results in the atmosphere retaining higher levels of carbon dioxide. Forests also store an enormous amount of organic carbon which is released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide when forests are cleared by burning. Clearly, deforestation contributes to global warming. This deforestation is a real harm for our ecosystem and environment. It is the main cause of global warming worldwide


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IMPACT OF DEFORESTATION ON CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENT

Water recycling is the movement of rain from the forest to land masses further inland. In a healthy forest about 3/4th of the intercepted water is returned to the atmosphere as moisture laden air masses which move inland, cool and are converted to rain. Land cleared by deforestation returns only about 1/4th of the rain water to the atmosphere. This air mass has less moisture and delivers less rain further inland. Deforestation inhibits water recycling and converts inland forest to dry land and potential waste land


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IMPACT OF DEFORESTATION ON CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTSevere flooding is a result of deforestation because removal of the forest leaves little vegetative cover to hold heavy rains. The inability of land void of forest to hold heavy rain water will also trigger mudslides. Severe flooding and mudslides are extremely costly because they devastate homes and communities


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IMPACT OF DEFORESTATION ON CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTThe excess water from land cleared of forest becomes runoff water and enters the ocean instead of seeping downward into the soil to recharge aquifers. Aquifer depletion is already becoming a serious problem in certain areas of the planet and as the human population continues to grow so will the demand for fresh water


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IMPACT OF DEFORESTATION ON CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTToday deforestation, especially, in the tropics, decimates plant and animal life. Tropical rainforest contain about 7% of land surface but over half of the plant and animal species on the planet. If tropical rainforest deforestation continues at the current rate, it is estimated that by the first part of the 21st century about half of the remaining rainforest will be lost along with about 5 to 10% of all the species on the planet


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IMPACT OF DEFORESTATION ON CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTDeforestation also results in soil degradation. Forests store nutrients that are required for all plant life. In the tropics almost all nutrients are stored in the vegetation because tropical soil has little organic matter and almost no nutrient storage capacity. If tropical forests are cleared for cropland, the land will yield crops for only a few years and when the nutrients are depleted they become waste land


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OBSERVED CLIMATE CHANGE IN PAKISTAN

• Change in temperature: 0.6-1.0 oC increase in mean temperature in coastal areas since early 1900s

• Change in precipitation: 10-15% decrease in coastal belt and hyper arid plains over the last 40 years in northern Pakistan


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DEFORESTATION INCREASE FLOODING IN PAKISTANDeforestation in Pakistan directly contributed to the severity of flooding seen there in 2010, 11, 12 and 13. With the hills and mountains due to lack of tree cover and erosion increased, in places dragging remaining tree cover down causing blockages, damaging dams and increasing flooding


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PAKITAN IN LEADING TOWARDS……..The rate of deforestation in Pakistan has been accelerated harshly and The World Wide Fund Report warns that if the current deforestation trend of land conversion from forest to other uses is not checked, the country will not be able to meet its international commitments under the MDGs to increase its forest cover from 2.5 % to 6 % by 2015


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HOW CAN WE STOP DEFORESTATION ?• Governments have

to make citizens aware of the issue including children

• Reduce wasteful land use practices

• Improve already developed lands


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HOW CAN WE STOP DEFORESTATION ?• Each person can

plant trees once in a while to maintain the ecosystem

• Groups can be formed to decrease deforestation

• Plantation weeks in Pakistan


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CONCLUSION• So it is the time for policy makers

to sit and think seriously about this issue. New plans and strategies have to be made to overcome the problem

• Rules and regulations regarding cutting of trees must be followed


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CONCLUSIONGovernment and society including us (the future disaster managers) have to feel their responsibilities and individuals have to play their role to reduce the rate of deforestation

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THANKS…..

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Impact of deforestration on climate and enviornment by asim and fatima