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Impact of corridor design and Impact of corridor design and management in a large-scale management in a large-scale industrial tropical plantation industrial tropical plantation
landscapelandscape
Conference on Biodiversity and Conservation Biology in Conference on Biodiversity and Conservation Biology in Plantation Forests, 27Plantation Forests, 27thth – 29 – 29thth April 2005 April 2005
Plantation Forests in Indonesia?Plantation Forests in Indonesia? Forested area: 113 million ha (land area: 191 million ha, Forested area: 113 million ha (land area: 191 million ha,
Sumatra 19 million ha)Sumatra 19 million ha) From total:From total:
(GOI/FAO 1996)(GOI/FAO 1996)
1.4 million ha industrial pulp wood plantation forest at 1.4 million ha industrial pulp wood plantation forest at the end of 2001the end of 2001 50 % established on land cleared of natural forest 50 % established on land cleared of natural forest Companies plan to establish new plantations in Riau (Sumatra) Companies plan to establish new plantations in Riau (Sumatra)
on peat, logged-over natural forest..on peat, logged-over natural forest..
Indonesian forests (million ha)
production, 40
conversion, 50
conservation, 23
Corridors?Corridors?
How well are the present corridors maintaining biodiversity?
How the management of the matrix surrounding corridors influences their viability? Effectiveness of wildlife corridors in tropical fast wood plantations
for conserving biodiversity is largely unknown. Field-based experiments to test knowledge gaps difficult Integrating studies of animal movement, species dispersal in
matrix conditions needed
GOAL simulation/model for varying corridor conditions in landscape matrix to aid develop better plantation management strategies & better, clearer regulations
Null - hypothesis: patterns of distribution are independent of connectivity, width, distance to natural forest area, crown closure and age of neighbouring plantation stands
recently cleared areasopened forestclosed forestgrass, shrubshort-term cropsmixed tree gardenrice fieldsoil palm plantationrubber plantationacacia plantationsettlementswater bodies
recently cleared areasopened forestclosed forestgrass, shrubshort-term cropsmixed tree gardenrice fieldsoil palm plantationrubber plantationacacia plantationsettlementswater bodies
recently cleared areasopened forestclosed forestgrass, shrubshort-term cropsmixed tree gardenrice fieldsoil palm plantationrubber plantationacacia plantationsettlementswater bodies
Riau, SumatraRiau, Sumatra
Baserah
Teso East, Teso West
Kerumutan
Bukit Tigapuluh
Bukit Rimbang Baling
Tesso Nilo
102°E
0°
Sampling methodsSampling methods
3 Plantation sectors3 Plantation sectors Grid of 100 ha square cellsGrid of 100 ha square cells
Structural parameters (connectivity to natural Structural parameters (connectivity to natural forest/KPPN, distance, age of surrounding plantation, forest/KPPN, distance, age of surrounding plantation, crown closure, disturbance..) crown closure, disturbance..)
Vegetation Vegetation – – 32 cells in one sector, Baserah32 cells in one sector, Baserah total of 282 plots in transect lines in corridors - sampled area of total of 282 plots in transect lines in corridors - sampled area of
0.12 ha, 0.72 ha, 2.9 ha and 11.5 ha for seedlings, saplings, 0.12 ha, 0.72 ha, 2.9 ha and 11.5 ha for seedlings, saplings, poles and trees, respectivelypoles and trees, respectively
Insects and mammals – line transects in three sectors, in Insects and mammals – line transects in three sectors, in 80 and 100 cells respectively perpendicular to river and 80 and 100 cells respectively perpendicular to river and riparian forestsriparian forests
0
Kilometers
5 10
Trans Koto Baru
Trans Gn Sahilan
Sigaruntang
0° 10' S
10
1° 3
0' 0
0" E
0° 25' S
0° 15' S
0° 20' S
0° 30' 00" S
Pulausipan
Pasarbaru
Kotoraja
Teratakjering
Kampungtengah
Padangtanggung
Padangkunik
Pulauingu
Pulaulancang
Pulaukijang
Sungaisarik
Banjarnantigo
Pulaupanjanghilir
Ujung tanjung
Banjar BenaiSentajo
Muaro
Jalurpatah
Beringinjaya
Perhentianluas
Teratakrendah
Jaya
Lubuk Kebun
Pulau Jambu
Sigaruntang
Hulu Teso
Dusun Tuo
Teratak Baru
Sikijang
Kopah
Langsat Hulu
Muara Langsat
Seberakum
Banjar Lopak
Sungai Rambai
Trans Logas
Trans Petai
S.AirhitamS.G
ajahmati
S.Tenado
S.K
uning
F30F30F30F30F30F30F30F30F30
F40F40F40F40F40F40F40F40F40
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F04F04F04F04F04F04F04F04F04
F28F28F28F28F28F28F28F28F28
A07A07A07A07A07A07A07A07A07B01B01B01B01B01B01B01B01B01 B06B06B06B06B06B06B06B06B06
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E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E05 E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E13
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E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E15
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G11G11G11G11G11G11G11G11G11
G10G10G10G10G10G10G10G10G10G09G09G09G09G09G09G09G09G09
G08G08G08G08G08G08G08G08G08
G07G07G07G07G07G07G07G07G07
G04G04G04G04G04G04G04G04G04
A01A01A01A01A01A01A01A01A01A02A02A02A02A02A02A02A02A02 A03A03A03A03A03A03A03A03A03
A04A04A04A04A04A04A04A04A04A05A05A05A05A05A05A05A05A05
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A25A25A25A25A25A25A25A25A25
A26A26A26A26A26A26A26A26A26 A27A27A27A27A27A27A27A27A27A29A29A29A29A29A29A29A29A29
F75F75F75F75F75F75F75F75F75
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D09D09D09D09D09D09D09D09D09
F76F76F76F76F76F76F76F76F76
F09F09F09F09F09F09F09F09F09
F74F74F74F74F74F74F74F74F74
D07D07D07D07D07D07D07D07D07
C10C10C10C10C10C10C10C10C10
C09C09C09C09C09C09C09C09C09
F01F01F01F01F01F01F01F01F01
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G13G13G13G13G13G13G13G13G13
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G06G06G06G06G06G06G06G06G06
G05G05G05G05G05G05G05G05G05
G03G03G03G03G03G03G03G03G03
G02G02G02G02G02G02G02G02G02
E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E24
G18G18G18G18G18G18G18G18G18G15G15G15G15G15G15G15G15G15
E10E10E10E10E10E10E10E10E10
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G20G20G20G20G20G20G20G20G20
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G32G32G32G32G32G32G32G32G32
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F66F66F66F66F66F66F66F66F66
G38G38G38G38G38G38G38G38G38
F03F03F03F03F03F03F03F03F03
F07F07F07F07F07F07F07F07F07
F06F06F06F06F06F06F06F06F06
F02F02F02F02F02F02F02F02F02
F05F05F05F05F05F05F05F05F05
C16C16C16C16C16C16C16C16C16
C05C05C05C05C05C05C05C05C05
G17G17G17G17G17G17G17G17G17
G19G19G19G19G19G19G19G19G19
B07B07B07B07B07B07B07B07B07
B05B05B05B05B05B05B05B05B05A15A15A15A15A15A15A15A15A15
A16A16A16A16A16A16A16A16A16
G25G25G25G25G25G25G25G25G25
F29F29F29F29F29F29F29F29F29
F13F13F13F13F13F13F13F13F13F11F11F11F11F11F11F11F11F11 F12F12F12F12F12F12F12F12F12
F85F85F85F85F85F85F85F85F85
E26E26E26E26E26E26E26E26E26
C06C06C06C06C06C06C06C06C06C01C01C01C01C01C01C01C01C01
F14F14F14F14F14F14F14F14F14
F08F08F08F08F08F08F08F08F08
E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02
A30A30A30A30A30A30A30A30A30
F10F10F10F10F10F10F10F10F10
F19F19F19F19F19F19F19F19F19
F15F15F15F15F15F15F15F15F15
G16G16G16G16G16G16G16G16G16E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E12
G30G30G30G30G30G30G30G30G30
G31G31G31G31G31G31G31G31G31
E22E22E22E22E22E22E22E22E22
E23E23E23E23E23E23E23E23E23
A28A28A28A28A28A28A28A28A28
A34A34A34A34A34A34A34A34A34
D16D16D16D16D16D16D16D16D16
E01E01E01E01E01E01E01E01E01D15D15D15D15D15D15D15D15D15
F21F21F21F21F21F21F21F21F21
F32F32F32F32F32F32F32F32F32
F38F38F38F38F38F38F38F38F38
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F53F53F53F53F53F53F53F53F53F54F54F54F54F54F54F54F54F54
G26G26G26G26G26G26G26G26G26
A22A22A22A22A22A22A22A22A22
A24A24A24A24A24A24A24A24A24A32A32A32A32A32A32A32A32A32
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F48F48F48F48F48F48F48F48F48F49F49F49F49F49F49F49F49F49
F51F51F51F51F51F51F51F51F51F50F50F50F50F50F50F50F50F50
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F25F25F25F25F25F25F25F25F25
E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E07E07E07E07E07E07E07E07E07
E08E08E08E08E08E08E08E08E08
F55F55F55F55F55F55F55F55F55F56F56F56F56F56F56F56F56F56
F57F57F57F57F57F57F57F57F57
F58F58F58F58F58F58F58F58F58
F59F59F59F59F59F59F59F59F59
L23L23L23L23L23L23L23L23L23F24F24F24F24F24F24F24F24F24
F16F16F16F16F16F16F16F16F16F17F17F17F17F17F17F17F17F17
E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E14E14E14E14E14E14E14E14E14E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E16E16E16E16E16E16E16E16E16
E17E17E17E17E17E17E17E17E17 E18E18E18E18E18E18E18E18E18E19E19E19E19E19E19E19E19E19
E21E21E21E21E21E21E21E21E21
E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E26E26E26E26E26E26E26E26E26
E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04
E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E06
D01D01D01D01D01D01D01D01D01D02D02D02D02D02D02D02D02D02
D03D03D03D03D03D03D03D03D03
D05D05D05D05D05D05D05D05D05D14D14D14D14D14D14D14D14D14D16D16D16D16D16D16D16D16D16
D19D19D19D19D19D19D19D19D19D20D20D20D20D20D20D20D20D20D21D21D21D21D21D21D21D21D21
C11C11C11C11C11C11C11C11C11C12C12C12C12C12C12C12C12C12
C23C23C23C23C23C23C23C23C23 C22C22C22C22C22C22C22C22C22
E27E27E27E27E27E27E27E27E27
D17D17D17D17D17D17D17D17D17D18D18D18D18D18D18D18D18D18
D26D26D26D26D26D26D26D26D26D27D27D27D27D27D27D27D27D27
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E25E25E25E25E25E25E25E25E25
D23D23D23D23D23D23D23D23D23 D13D13D13D13D13D13D13D13D13
E07E07E07E07E07E07E07E07E07
D04D04D04D04D04D04D04D04D04D06D06D06D06D06D06D06D06D06
E11E11E11E11E11E11E11E11E11E10E10E10E10E10E10E10E10E10
D15D15D15D15D15D15D15D15D15
E23E23E23E23E23E23E23E23E23
D08D08D08D08D08D08D08D08D08D10D10D10D10D10D10D10D10D10
D30D30D30D30D30D30D30D30D30D29D29D29D29D29D29D29D29D29
E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E08E08E08E08E08E08E08E08E08
E22E22E22E22E22E22E22E22E22
E20E20E20E20E20E20E20E20E20
C03C03C03C03C03C03C03C03C03
Kualanangan
Logastanahdarat
Teratak Air Hitam
Kotoradja
Situgal
Baserah
Pangean
Inuman
Cerenti
Rambahan
Benai
YEAR PLANTEDBuffer zone
Planted area burnt
Camp/office/barrack/nursery
Canal
Deep peat >3m
Enclave
Greenbelt
KKPA logged over
KPPN
KKPA MTH
Logged over
Logged,claimed by masy.
Logged,unplantable
MTH dry
MTH low volume
MTH unloggable
MTH wet
Nursery
Overlap w/ company
Overlap w/ garden
Openland
Problem area
Scrub clearing inprogress
Scrub dry
Slope >40
Scrub wet
Planted Acacia sp
Planted non Acacia sp
TPK/TPN
Trial/reaserch
Planted in 1992
Planted in 1993
Planted in 1994
Planted in 1995
Planted in 1996
Planted in 1997
Planted in 1998
Planted in 1999
Planted in 2000
PT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPER
LAND USE MAP SECTOR BASERAH JUNE 2000
G:\Rpf-map\Maps\JimLeitch\BAS.wor
DIGITIZED BY
CHECKED BY
APPROVED BY
LegendLegend
0
Kilometers
5 10
Trans Koto Baru
Trans Gn Sahilan
Sigaruntang
0° 10' S
10
1° 3
0' 0
0" E
0° 25' S
0° 15' S
0° 20' S
0° 30' 00" S
Pulausipan
Pasarbaru
Kotoraja
Teratakjering
Kampungtengah
Padangtanggung
Padangkunik
Pulauingu
Pulaulancang
Pulaukijang
Sungaisarik
Banjarnantigo
Pulaupanjanghilir
Ujung tanjung
Banjar BenaiSentajo
Muaro
Jalurpatah
Beringinjaya
Perhentianluas
Teratakrendah
Jaya
Lubuk Kebun
Pulau Jambu
Sigaruntang
Hulu Teso
Dusun Tuo
Teratak Baru
Sikijang
Kopah
Langsat Hulu
Muara Langsat
Seberakum
Banjar Lopak
Sungai Rambai
Trans Logas
Trans Petai
S.AirhitamS.G
ajahmati
S.Tenado
S.K
uning
F30F30F30F30F30F30F30F30F30
F40F40F40F40F40F40F40F40F40
F46F46F46F46F46F46F46F46F46
F60F60F60F60F60F60F60F60F60F61F61F61F61F61F61F61F61F61F62F62F62F62F62F62F62F62F62
F72F72F72F72F72F72F72F72F72
F71F71F71F71F71F71F71F71F71F70F70F70F70F70F70F70F70F70
F69F69F69F69F69F69F69F69F69
F73F73F73F73F73F73F73F73F73
F84F84F84F84F84F84F84F84F84
F77F77F77F77F77F77F77F77F77
F04F04F04F04F04F04F04F04F04
F28F28F28F28F28F28F28F28F28
A07A07A07A07A07A07A07A07A07B01B01B01B01B01B01B01B01B01 B06B06B06B06B06B06B06B06B06
B02B02B02B02B02B02B02B02B02
B03B03B03B03B03B03B03B03B03
B04B04B04B04B04B04B04B04B04
B08B08B08B08B08B08B08B08B08
B09B09B09B09B09B09B09B09B09B10B10B10B10B10B10B10B10B10
B11B11B11B11B11B11B11B11B11
B12B12B12B12B12B12B12B12B12B13B13B13B13B13B13B13B13B13
B14B14B14B14B14B14B14B14B14
B15B15B15B15B15B15B15B15B15B16B16B16B16B16B16B16B16B16
B17B17B17B17B17B17B17B17B17C02C02C02C02C02C02C02C02C02B18B18B18B18B18B18B18B18B18C03C03C03C03C03C03C03C03C03
C04C04C04C04C04C04C04C04C04
A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23
C08C08C08C08C08C08C08C08C08
C11C11C11C11C11C11C11C11C11C12C12C12C12C12C12C12C12C12
C14C14C14C14C14C14C14C14C14C13C13C13C13C13C13C13C13C13
C15C15C15C15C15C15C15C15C15C07C07C07C07C07C07C07C07C07C17C17C17C17C17C17C17C17C17A20A20A20A20A20A20A20A20A20
A21A21A21A21A21A21A21A21A21
D13D13D13D13D13D13D13D13D13
D14D14D14D14D14D14D14D14D14
G01G01G01G01G01G01G01G01G01
E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03E03
E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04
E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E05 E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E13
E14E14E14E14E14E14E14E14E14
E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E15
E16E16E16E16E16E16E16E16E16
E17E17E17E17E17E17E17E17E17
E18E18E18E18E18E18E18E18E18
E19E19E19E19E19E19E19E19E19
E20E20E20E20E20E20E20E20E20
E21E21E21E21E21E21E21E21E21 G36G36G36G36G36G36G36G36G36
G33G33G33G33G33G33G33G33G33
G29G29G29G29G29G29G29G29G29
G24G24G24G24G24G24G24G24G24
G23G23G23G23G23G23G23G23G23
G22G22G22G22G22G22G22G22G22
G21G21G21G21G21G21G21G21G21
G14G14G14G14G14G14G14G14G14
G12G12G12G12G12G12G12G12G12
G11G11G11G11G11G11G11G11G11
G10G10G10G10G10G10G10G10G10G09G09G09G09G09G09G09G09G09
G08G08G08G08G08G08G08G08G08
G07G07G07G07G07G07G07G07G07
G04G04G04G04G04G04G04G04G04
A01A01A01A01A01A01A01A01A01A02A02A02A02A02A02A02A02A02 A03A03A03A03A03A03A03A03A03
A04A04A04A04A04A04A04A04A04A05A05A05A05A05A05A05A05A05
A06A06A06A06A06A06A06A06A06
A08A08A08A08A08A08A08A08A08A09A09A09A09A09A09A09A09A09
A10A10A10A10A10A10A10A10A10 A11A11A11A11A11A11A11A11A11A12A12A12A12A12A12A12A12A12A13A13A13A13A13A13A13A13A13A14A14A14A14A14A14A14A14A14
A17A17A17A17A17A17A17A17A17
A18A18A18A18A18A18A18A18A18
A19A19A19A19A19A19A19A19A19
A25A25A25A25A25A25A25A25A25
A26A26A26A26A26A26A26A26A26 A27A27A27A27A27A27A27A27A27A29A29A29A29A29A29A29A29A29
F75F75F75F75F75F75F75F75F75
D02D02D02D02D02D02D02D02D02
D03D03D03D03D03D03D03D03D03D04D04D04D04D04D04D04D04D04
D05D05D05D05D05D05D05D05D05
D06D06D06D06D06D06D06D06D06
D08D08D08D08D08D08D08D08D08
D01D01D01D01D01D01D01D01D01
D19D19D19D19D19D19D19D19D19D18D18D18D18D18D18D18D18D18
D17D17D17D17D17D17D17D17D17D12D12D12D12D12D12D12D12D12
D11D11D11D11D11D11D11D11D11D10D10D10D10D10D10D10D10D10
D09D09D09D09D09D09D09D09D09
F76F76F76F76F76F76F76F76F76
F09F09F09F09F09F09F09F09F09
F74F74F74F74F74F74F74F74F74
D07D07D07D07D07D07D07D07D07
C10C10C10C10C10C10C10C10C10
C09C09C09C09C09C09C09C09C09
F01F01F01F01F01F01F01F01F01
F78F78F78F78F78F78F78F78F78
F63F63F63F63F63F63F63F63F63
F81F81F81F81F81F81F81F81F81
F64F64F64F64F64F64F64F64F64
F83F83F83F83F83F83F83F83F83
F82F82F82F82F82F82F82F82F82
F39F39F39F39F39F39F39F39F39
F31F31F31F31F31F31F31F31F31
F80F80F80F80F80F80F80F80F80
F79F79F79F79F79F79F79F79F79
F68F68F68F68F68F68F68F68F68
F67F67F67F67F67F67F67F67F67
G13G13G13G13G13G13G13G13G13
F26F26F26F26F26F26F26F26F26
F27F27F27F27F27F27F27F27F27F65F65F65F65F65F65F65F65F65
G06G06G06G06G06G06G06G06G06
G05G05G05G05G05G05G05G05G05
G03G03G03G03G03G03G03G03G03
G02G02G02G02G02G02G02G02G02
E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E24
G18G18G18G18G18G18G18G18G18G15G15G15G15G15G15G15G15G15
E10E10E10E10E10E10E10E10E10
G27G27G27G27G27G27G27G27G27
G20G20G20G20G20G20G20G20G20
G28G28G28G28G28G28G28G28G28
G32G32G32G32G32G32G32G32G32
G35G35G35G35G35G35G35G35G35
G34G34G34G34G34G34G34G34G34
G37G37G37G37G37G37G37G37G37
F66F66F66F66F66F66F66F66F66
G38G38G38G38G38G38G38G38G38
F03F03F03F03F03F03F03F03F03
F07F07F07F07F07F07F07F07F07
F06F06F06F06F06F06F06F06F06
F02F02F02F02F02F02F02F02F02
F05F05F05F05F05F05F05F05F05
C16C16C16C16C16C16C16C16C16
C05C05C05C05C05C05C05C05C05
G17G17G17G17G17G17G17G17G17
G19G19G19G19G19G19G19G19G19
B07B07B07B07B07B07B07B07B07
B05B05B05B05B05B05B05B05B05A15A15A15A15A15A15A15A15A15
A16A16A16A16A16A16A16A16A16
G25G25G25G25G25G25G25G25G25
F29F29F29F29F29F29F29F29F29
F13F13F13F13F13F13F13F13F13F11F11F11F11F11F11F11F11F11 F12F12F12F12F12F12F12F12F12
F85F85F85F85F85F85F85F85F85
E26E26E26E26E26E26E26E26E26
C06C06C06C06C06C06C06C06C06C01C01C01C01C01C01C01C01C01
F14F14F14F14F14F14F14F14F14
F08F08F08F08F08F08F08F08F08
E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02E02
A30A30A30A30A30A30A30A30A30
F10F10F10F10F10F10F10F10F10
F19F19F19F19F19F19F19F19F19
F15F15F15F15F15F15F15F15F15
G16G16G16G16G16G16G16G16G16E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E12
G30G30G30G30G30G30G30G30G30
G31G31G31G31G31G31G31G31G31
E22E22E22E22E22E22E22E22E22
E23E23E23E23E23E23E23E23E23
A28A28A28A28A28A28A28A28A28
A34A34A34A34A34A34A34A34A34
D16D16D16D16D16D16D16D16D16
E01E01E01E01E01E01E01E01E01D15D15D15D15D15D15D15D15D15
F21F21F21F21F21F21F21F21F21
F32F32F32F32F32F32F32F32F32
F38F38F38F38F38F38F38F38F38
F33F33F33F33F33F33F33F33F33
F34F34F34F34F34F34F34F34F34
F37F37F37F37F37F37F37F37F37
F44F44F44F44F44F44F44F44F44
F53F53F53F53F53F53F53F53F53F54F54F54F54F54F54F54F54F54
G26G26G26G26G26G26G26G26G26
A22A22A22A22A22A22A22A22A22
A24A24A24A24A24A24A24A24A24A32A32A32A32A32A32A32A32A32
F18F18F18F18F18F18F18F18F18
F22F22F22F22F22F22F22F22F22F20F20F20F20F20F20F20F20F20
F35F35F35F35F35F35F35F35F35
F36F36F36F36F36F36F36F36F36
F42F42F42F42F42F42F42F42F42F43F43F43F43F43F43F43F43F43F45F45F45F45F45F45F45F45F45
F41F41F41F41F41F41F41F41F41
F47F47F47F47F47F47F47F47F47
F48F48F48F48F48F48F48F48F48F49F49F49F49F49F49F49F49F49
F51F51F51F51F51F51F51F51F51F50F50F50F50F50F50F50F50F50
F52F52F52F52F52F52F52F52F52
F25F25F25F25F25F25F25F25F25
E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E07E07E07E07E07E07E07E07E07
E08E08E08E08E08E08E08E08E08
F55F55F55F55F55F55F55F55F55F56F56F56F56F56F56F56F56F56
F57F57F57F57F57F57F57F57F57
F58F58F58F58F58F58F58F58F58
F59F59F59F59F59F59F59F59F59
L23L23L23L23L23L23L23L23L23F24F24F24F24F24F24F24F24F24
F16F16F16F16F16F16F16F16F16F17F17F17F17F17F17F17F17F17
E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E12E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E13E14E14E14E14E14E14E14E14E14E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E15E16E16E16E16E16E16E16E16E16
E17E17E17E17E17E17E17E17E17 E18E18E18E18E18E18E18E18E18
E19E19E19E19E19E19E19E19E19
E21E21E21E21E21E21E21E21E21
E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E24E26E26E26E26E26E26E26E26E26
E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04E04
E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E05E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E06E06
D01D01D01D01D01D01D01D01D01D02D02D02D02D02D02D02D02D02
D03D03D03D03D03D03D03D03D03
D05D05D05D05D05D05D05D05D05D14D14D14D14D14D14D14D14D14D16D16D16D16D16D16D16D16D16
D19D19D19D19D19D19D19D19D19D20D20D20D20D20D20D20D20D20
D21D21D21D21D21D21D21D21D21
C11C11C11C11C11C11C11C11C11C12C12C12C12C12C12C12C12C12
C23C23C23C23C23C23C23C23C23 C22C22C22C22C22C22C22C22C22
E27E27E27E27E27E27E27E27E27
D17D17D17D17D17D17D17D17D17D18D18D18D18D18D18D18D18D18
D26D26D26D26D26D26D26D26D26D27D27D27D27D27D27D27D27D27
D07D07D07D07D07D07D07D07D07
D09D09D09D09D09D09D09D09D09D11D11D11D11D11D11D11D11D11D12D12D12D12D12D12D12D12D12
E25E25E25E25E25E25E25E25E25
D23D23D23D23D23D23D23D23D23 D13D13D13D13D13D13D13D13D13
E07E07E07E07E07E07E07E07E07
D04D04D04D04D04D04D04D04D04D06D06D06D06D06D06D06D06D06
E11E11E11E11E11E11E11E11E11E10E10E10E10E10E10E10E10E10
D15D15D15D15D15D15D15D15D15
E23E23E23E23E23E23E23E23E23
D08D08D08D08D08D08D08D08D08D10D10D10D10D10D10D10D10D10
D30D30D30D30D30D30D30D30D30
D29D29D29D29D29D29D29D29D29
E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E09E08E08E08E08E08E08E08E08E08
E22E22E22E22E22E22E22E22E22
E20E20E20E20E20E20E20E20E20
C03C03C03C03C03C03C03C03C03
Kualanangan
Logastanahdarat
Teratak Air Hitam
Kotoradja
Situgal
Baserah
Pangean
Inuman
Cerenti
Rambahan
Benai
YEAR PLANTEDBuffer zone
Planted area burnt
Camp/office/barrack/nursery
Canal
Deep peat >3m
Enclave
Greenbelt
KKPA logged over
KPPN
KKPA MTH
Logged over
Logged,claimed by masy.
Logged,unplantable
MTH dry
MTH low volume
MTH unloggable
MTH wet
Nursery
Overlap w/ company
Overlap w/ garden
Openland
Problem area
Scrub clearing inprogress
Scrub dry
Slope >40
Scrub wet
Planted Acacia sp
Planted non Acacia sp
TPK/TPN
Trial/reaserch
Planted in 1992
Planted in 1993
Planted in 1994
Planted in 1995
Planted in 1996
Planted in 1997
Planted in 1998
Planted in 1999
Planted in 2000
PT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPERPT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPER
LAND USE MAP SECTOR BASERAH JUNE 2000
G:\Rpf-map\Maps\JimLeitch\BAS.wor
DIGITIZED BY
CHECKED BY
APPROVED BY
LegendLegend
Sector (ha)Baserah (27 580)
Teso East (18 946)
Teso West (20 391)
Conserved natural forest 12 26 16
Planted indigenous plywood 0 0 15
Belukar (fallows) 6 5 1
Planted Acacia mangium 44 56 47
Inoperable 37 12 19
Infrastructure 3 2 2
Total (%) 100 (%) 100 (%) 100 (%)
Structural parameters Baserah Teso East Teso West
Crown Closure 16% >30% 88% >30% 100% >30%
Corridor Width 81% <50m 56% <50m 44% <50m
River Width 50% 2-5m 46% 2-5m 50% 2-5m
Corridor Length 22% >400m 75% >400m 75% >400m
Distance from Natural Forest through green belt (km)
2.30 2.07 2.03
Distance from Natural Forest (bird’s distance) (km)
1.69 1.31 1.62
Number of Roads 2.42 3.35 3.45
Length of Roads (km) 2.30 2.09 2.40
Illegal logging 60% 70% 80%
Siltation 5% 10% 7.5%
Linkage with KPPN 53% 25% 0%
Linkage with Natural Forest 84% 94% 100%
PrimatesPrimates
Distribution (N) in Baserah, 11 cells:
Present in 30 % of cells Present in 30 % of cells 8 species ( 8 species ( ((Hylobates agilisHylobates agilis, , H. larH. lar, , H. klosiiH. klosii, , H. syndactilusH. syndactilus, , Macaca Macaca
fascicularisfascicularis, , M. nemestrinaM. nemestrina, , Presbytis femoralisPresbytis femoralis, , P. melalophosP. melalophos and one unidentified and one unidentified species of species of PresbytisPresbytis))
Most common Most common Presbytis melalophosPresbytis melalophos (food generalist) and (food generalist) and Macaca Macaca fascicularisfascicularis
One species One species ( ( M. fascicularis)M. fascicularis) in plots without corridors, none in plots without corridors, none without connection to natural forest/KPPNwithout connection to natural forest/KPPN
However: a significant proportion (45%) of connected corridors However: a significant proportion (45%) of connected corridors had no primateshad no primates
No explanation from cell structural characteristics for No explanation from cell structural characteristics for primate presence/absence records … cells with primates had primate presence/absence records … cells with primates had
wider rivers but more open canopy and shorter corridors.wider rivers but more open canopy and shorter corridors.
The most common primate species in Sumatran lowland forest (Ecology of Sumatra)
Plantation corridors KPPN
Tesso Nilo Riau Province Forest Department survey in June 1992
Tesso Nilo (Gillison, WWF) in 2001
Pongo pygmaeus
Tarsier bancanus
Hylobates agilis x x x
Hylobates lar x
Hylobates syndactylus x x
Presbytis cristata
Presbytis thomasi
Presbytis melalophos x x
Presbytis femoralis x
Macaca fascicularis x x x x
Macaca nemestrina x x x x
Nycticebus coucang xHylobates klosii, Presbytis sp.
InsectsInsects1119
9831028
700
877
12 40
449
685
1071
18
420
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Coleoptera Dermaptera Dictyoptera Diptera Hemiptera Homoptera Hymenoptera I soptera Lepidoptera Neuroptera Odonata Orthoptera
Order
More abundant and rich More abundant and rich insect fauna within insect fauna within disturbed corridorsdisturbed corridors
Decrease in number of Decrease in number of orders and individuals orders and individuals away from riveraway from river
Insect orders
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0-25
R
25-5
0R
50-7
5R
75-1
00R
100-
125R
125-
150R
150-
200R
200-
250R
250-
300R
Transect
N (
tota
l)
Ortho
Odo
Neuro
Lepi
Isop
Hyme
Homo
Hemi
Dipte
Dicty
Derma
Coleo
KPPNKPPN
Protected area inside plantationProtected area inside plantation
KPPN: 134 tree species in 1.4 haKPPN: 134 tree species in 1.4 ha Corridors: 275 tree species in 11.5 ha11.5 ha Tesso Nilo:Tesso Nilo:
Heavily logged forest: >900 vascular plant species/0,18 haHeavily logged forest: >900 vascular plant species/0,18 ha Partially logged forest: 61-112 tree species/0.02 haPartially logged forest: 61-112 tree species/0.02 ha
Species accumulation
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1 13 25 37 49 61 73 85 97 109 121 133 145 157 169 181 193 205 217 229 241253 265 277 289 301 313 325 337 349
Individuals in random order
KPPN1TreesKPPN1 PolesKPPN1 SaplingsKPPN1 SeedlingsCorridor PolesCorridor TreesCorridor Saplings
Tree Pole Sapling Seedling
corridor H’/cell 2.8 2.7 3 2.7
KPPN H’/cell 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.6
corridor N/ha 127 530 7200 55114
KPPN N/ha 174 511 4714 24339
corridor Species/cell 23 22 38 30
KPPN Species/cell 25 21 25 31All values are mean values based on equal sampling effort large variation
between cellsJaccard Jaccard similaritysimilarity trees poles saplings seedlings
max 0.66 0.82 0.61 0.70
min 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.04
mean 0.25 0.23 0.25 0.26
Dominant species with highest IV similar in KPPN and Dominant species with highest IV similar in KPPN and corridorscorridors
Primate density correlated positively in corridors with Primate density correlated positively in corridors with cumulative IV of those plant species known generally as cumulative IV of those plant species known generally as the most important food sourcesthe most important food sources
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IV
IV, corridor trees
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IV, KPPN trees
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IV, corridor seedlings
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IV, KPPN seedlings
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IV, corridor saplings
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IV, KPPN saplings
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IV, corridor poles
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IV, KPPN poles
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The potential for tropical forest The potential for tropical forest plantations to contribute to plantations to contribute to biodiversity conservation?biodiversity conservation?
Biodiversity loss associated with plantation Biodiversity loss associated with plantation development through - development through - Conversion of natural forestsConversion of natural forests Fast rotation time and shading of Fast rotation time and shading of
Acacia mangiumAcacia mangium indigenous tree indigenous tree species will not survive in the plantationspecies will not survive in the plantation
Corridors the most potential means Corridors the most potential means maintaining biodiversitymaintaining biodiversity
What role for plantation forestry in What role for plantation forestry in maintaining biodiversity?maintaining biodiversity?
Landscape level managementLandscape level management
Implies consideration of long Implies consideration of long term viability of corridors – term viability of corridors – within a comprehensive within a comprehensive landscape level planlandscape level plan, , implemented and monitored implemented and monitored stressing issues such as stressing issues such as Connectivity Connectivity
Linkage to KPPNLinkage to KPPN and/or natural forest and/or natural forest
Landscape Landscape heterogeneityheterogeneity
Road system Road system layoutlayout
DisturbanceDisturbance Prevention of Prevention of
illegal loggingillegal logging Hunting..Hunting..
Complexity, corridor Complexity, corridor length and width length and width
versus edge effect..versus edge effect..
Corridors - “living deads”-type of Corridors - “living deads”-type of fragments and ofragments and only sinks for nly sinks for
populations?populations?
Work conducted by CIFOR (P. Koponen, R. Work conducted by CIFOR (P. Koponen, R. Nasi, J. Poulsen, M. Buitenzorgi, W. Nasi, J. Poulsen, M. Buitenzorgi, W.
Rusmantoro) in collaboration with the Rusmantoro) in collaboration with the Research and Development Division, Riau Research and Development Division, Riau
Andalan Pulp and Paper companyAndalan Pulp and Paper company
