Galileo, the European GNSS:Status, Challenges and a

Glance at the Future

Dr. ing. Marco LisiEuropean Space Agency

Special Advisor to the European Commission(marco.lisi@esa.int)

ICL-GNSS, Helsinki, FinlandJune 25, 2014 4

Summary • EGNOS and Galileo are the key elements of the European

navigation “system of systems”, a strategic and critical infrastructure of the European Union;

• The Galileo global navigation satellite system, joint initiative by the European Union and the European Space Agency, is one of the most ambitious and technologically advanced service systems being developed in Europe, by European industries and with European resources;

• The system procurement and deployment proceed following an incremental Implementation Plan. The In-Orbit Validation phase was concluded last year with very promising results;

• Galileo is entering in its Services Delivery phase, while the system proceeds towards its Full Operational Capability configuration;

• EC, GSA and ESA are presently engineering and developing the organization needed for a continuous and reliable provision of services to EU and worldwide users.

2

Galileo System Architecture

3

Galileo System Architecture

4

Galileo Implementation Plan

5

Galileo IOV System Configuration

6

Galileo Space Segment for IOV

7

Galileo IOV Spcacraft

8

Galileo On-Board Atomic Clocks

9

Passive Hydrogen MaserThe most stable and accurate Looses no more than 0.5 ns in 12h,i.e. 1s over 3 million years

Rubidium Looses 3s over 1 million years

Error in time Error in distance1 s 300 000 000 m

1 ms (0.001 s) 300 m1 ns (0.000000001 s) 0.3 m

Galileo Ground Segment for IOV

10

Galileo IOV Results

11

Positioning Search And Rescue

Grey = 3 s/cBlack = 4 s/c

-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

<- West - East (m) ->

<- S

outh

-

Nor

th (m

) ->

95th Percentile:7.8[m]drms:4[m]

GUSN 23rd August - 3rd September 2013, GDOP<10 [mean GDOP = 4.5]

Dual Frequency Positioning Accuracy (PDOP <=5):

• Horizontal (95%)8 m in average

• Vertical (95%)9 m in average

Timing Accuracy:< 10 nsec in avg

• 67% availability with 4 IOV S/C

• 96% availability after 1st FOC launch (6 S/C)

Timing

SAR Beacons Localisation Accuracy:

• Within 2 km (77% localisations)

• Within 5 km (95% localisations)

1 Dec 15 Dec 31 Dec-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

UTC

(SIS

) - U

TCra

pid

[ns

]

Galileo IOV Positioning Performance

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Galileo Expected Performance in FOC

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Galileo Increases Accuracy of LBSs

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Galileo Implementation Plan

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Galileo FOC Constellation

Galileo FOC Spacecraft (OHB)

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Galileo FOC Spacecraft Production

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Galileo FOC Spacecraft Qualification

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Galileo Deployed Configuration

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Galileo Centers in Europe

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Galileo IOV – Ground Control Centres

© Axel Schultes Architekten

2 Complementary Control Centres:

• Ground Mission Segment (GMS)in Fucino has the responsibilityfor the mission aspects ,

• Ground Control Segment (GCS)in Oberpfaffenhofen, to control and monitor the constellation.

Both centres will be completed to become fully redundant.

GCC-I at Telespazio - Fucino

Galileo Stations for Early Services

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Service means Commitment

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“Je m’engage…”

• By the term “service” we mean the guaranteed and committed delivery of a capability, continued over time, to a community of customers/users.

TECHNOLOGY IS NOT ENOUGH!

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GLONASS Suffers Temporary SystemwideOutage; Multi-GNSS Receiver Overcomes

Problem

GLONASS Gone . . . Then Back

Explanation for GLONASS outage?

GLONASS GNSS Constellation Suffered 11 Hours Outage

GLONASS navigation system suffers outage

GLONASS Loses Control Again

Altus Positioning Systems Pinpoints Cause for GLONASS Default

Glonass Plagued by Glitches for 2nd Time This Month

From Products to Systems to Services

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Current Galileo Governance

Galileo Service Organization

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GSA

OSEU Citizens

PRSEU States

CSProviders

SARCospas-Sarsat

ESA

ExternalEntities

External Entities

Operator(s)

Galileo System

ServiceOperatore

ECTechnical Support

Galileo Service Value Chain

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System Development

& Procurement

ESA/Industry

Service Operations & Logistics

Service Operator

Full Service

Provision

GSA

EC, Member States,

Cospas-Sarsat,

Downstream Industry

USERS

• System design authority

• Design changes• System evolution• System

Engineering Support

• Operations• Logistics• Service

Engineering• GDDN• Configuration

Management• Performance

Reporting

• O/A Service Management

• Security Management & Operations

• Users Relationship Management

• Legal Affairs and IPRs

• Independent Performance Monitoring

• Market Development

• European Commission (all services)

• Member States (PRS)

• Cospas-Sarsat(SAR Service)

• Commercial Service Providers

• Applications Providers

• Receiver Manufacturers

“Loyola de Palacio” GNSS Service Centre

Come and visit us at: www.gsc-europa.eu

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The ITIL Process Model

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Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)• KPIs are tools that may be used by an organization (in

our case, a service enterprise) to define, measure, monitor and track its performance over time toward the achievement of its goals;

• KPIs must be quantitative and quantifiable; • KPIs need to be tailored to the specific organization

priorities and performance criteria. So a service organization, based on a large, complex, high-technology system infrastructure, will look to KPIs that measure areas of performance such as Availability, Continuity, Mean Time to Repair (MTTR), customer satisfaction indices, etc.;

• KPIs are often of statistical nature: they can be evaluated over fixed or rolling time periods.

Galileo Services Roadmap

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Galileo Early Services: What?Early services for OS,SAR and PRS will be provided

from 2014

Open Service (OS)Delivery of a stable signal in space from a number of satellites in orbit, allowing ranging interoperable with GPS; time broadcasting

Public Regulated Service (PRS)

Delivery of a stable secure signal in space allowing Pilot Projects with EU Member States

Search and Rescue Service (SAR)

Guaranteed “forward link” which allows the detection and localization of distress signals; validation with Cospas-Sarsat

Commercial Service (CS) Initial demonstration projects with potential service providers

The former “Safety-of-Life” Serviceis being re-profiled:

Integrity Monitoring Service

Provides vital integrity information for life-critical applications

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Satellites Visibility to Support PVT

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Is GNSS a Time Bomb?

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IT DOES NOT NEED TO BE!

GNSoS

ATM SoS GEOSS

The Global Systems of Systems Infrastructure

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GNSS-Based Sensor Fusion

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DARPA's “timing & inertial measurement unit” (TIMU)

MICRO-TECHNOLOGY FOR POSITIONING, NAVIGATION AND TIMING

(MICRO-PNT)

Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks (CSAC)

Conclusion

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Galileo:eager to serve

Korean

KiitosEnglish

Russian

DankeGerman

GrazieItalian

GraciasSpanish

ObrigadoBrazilian

PortugueseArabic

Simplified Chinese

Traditional Chinese

Thai

MerciFrench

Japanese

תודהJewish

41

Finnish

Thank you