HYBRID CARS

Mr. Amey Patel.S. B. M. Polytechnic.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

IntroductionWorking Of Hybrid VehicleRegenerative BrakingHistoryPresentPros & Cons Of Hybrid VehiclesScope

Introduction. HYBRID means combination of two.

VIZ. I.C. Engine and Electric Motor.Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV’s)Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV’s)

Working

Basic Components.Acceleration.City driving.Highway DrivingDriving up a gradient.

Regenerative BrakingA regenerative brake is an energy

recovery mechanismConverts Kinetic energy into Electrical form.While braking, it absorbs 80% of kinetic

energy.

History1st hybrid car was made by Porsche in 1898.A 3.5 horsepower in which the small gasoline

engine was mated to an electric motor in 1900.In 1916, Woods claimed that their hybrid

reached a top speed of 35 mph and achieved fuel efficiency of 48 mpg.

Dr. Baruch Berman, Dr. George H. Gelb and Dr. Neal A. Richardson developed, demonstrated and patented the Hybrid Power train.

In 1976, General Electric was chosen to construct a parallel-hybrid sedan, and Toyota built its first hybrid.

PresentA number of cars are launched after year 2000

listed as follows:Toyota Prius (4 Door Sedan).Honda civic hybrid.Ford hybrid escape (1st hybrid SUV). Many of major automakers like

Toyota, Lexus, Porsche, Mercedes, Honda etc are launching hybrid models in the market.

Pros Of Hybrid SystemsLowered environmental impact.Less noise pollution.Increased Efficiency.Durable & Reliable.Less Maintenance.

Cons Of Hybrid SystemsCostly.Heavy weight of batteries.Availability of charging stations.

HEAVY BATTERIES

ScopeRegenerative braking actually makes city

driving more economical than on the highway.Fuel efficiency is greatly increased (twice).Emissions are greatly decreased.Dependency on fossils fuels can be

decreased.Hybrids can be run on alternative fuels as

well.Concern for environment is increasing among

people.

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