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How Decoding Our Genetic Secrets Can Save Our Lives As the genetic mapping process becomes more affordable, understandable and available, people will have increased information about their hereditary predispositions. How analyzing genes can indicate health risks and arm a person to take preventive measures. BRCA1 gene is a tumor- suppressor. Chromosome 17 BRCA 1 gene In some people, there is an hereditary gene mutation blocking the tumor- suppressing function. (A gene is made up of “bases” represented by letters) A woman with a mutated BRCA1 gene has a 60-80% chance of developing breast cancer and a 20-30% chance of ovarian cancer in her life and men have an increased risk of prostate cancer. A normal BRCA1 sequence AAA ARC TTA GAG TCT An hereditary mutation that deletes two bases in the sequence... AAA ATC TTA __G TCT ...makes the rest of the bases shift to the two empty spots. AAA ATC TTA GTC TCC Mutated BRCA1 sequence GA Mutated BRCA1 sequence Offspring of those with this mutation have a 50% risk of inheriting the mutated gene. What a person can do if they have the mutated gene: Surveillance To detect cancer as soon as possible Avoiding risk By exercise and limiting alcohol comsumption Preventive chemotherapy Drug therapy such as Tamoxifen Preventive surgery Mastectomy or removal of fallopian tubes and ovaries Source: George Church, Havard University; Mayo Clinic; National Cancer Institute Jessica Chosid - Bloomberg Center for Genome Science http://cgs.cdc.go.kr

How Decoding Our Genetic Secrets Can Save Our LivesHow Decoding Our Genetic Secrets Can Save Our Lives

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From: Google Backs Harvard Scientist's 100,000-Genome Quest (Update2) -Bloomberg (http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=a9FTNggspOLs) How Decoding Our Genetic Secrets Can Save Our Lives, 맞춤의료와 예방의학에 활용되는 유전체 해독

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Page 1: How Decoding Our Genetic Secrets Can Save Our LivesHow Decoding Our Genetic Secrets Can Save Our Lives

How Decoding Our Genetic Secrets Can Save Our Lives

As the genetic mapping process becomes moreaffordable,understandableand available,people will haveincreasedinformation abouttheir hereditarypredispositions.

How analyzing genes can indicate health risks and arm a person to take preventive measures.

BRCA1 gene isa tumor-suppressor.Chromosome 17

BRCA 1gene

In some people, there is an hereditarygene mutation blocking the tumor-suppressing function. (A gene is madeup of “bases” represented by letters)

A woman with a mutated BRCA1gene has a 60-80% chance ofdeveloping breast cancer and a20-30% chance of ovarian cancer inher life and men have an increasedrisk of prostate cancer.A normal BRCA1 sequence

AAA ARC TTA GAG TCTAn hereditary mutation that deletestwo bases in the sequence...

AAA ATC TTA __G TCT...makes the rest of the bases shiftto the two empty spots.

AAA ATC TTA GTC TCCMutated

BRCA1 sequence

GAMutated BRCA1sequence

Offspring of those withthis mutation have a50% risk of inheritingthe mutated gene.

What a personcan do if they have themutated gene:

SurveillanceTo detect cancer as soonas possible

Avoiding riskBy exercise andlimiting alcoholcomsumption

PreventivechemotherapyDrug therapy suchas Tamoxifen

Preventive surgeryMastectomy orremoval of fallopiantubes and ovaries

Source: George Church, Havard University; Mayo Clinic; National Cancer InstituteJessica Chosid - Bloomberg

Center for Genome Science http://cgs.cdc.go.kr

Page 2: How Decoding Our Genetic Secrets Can Save Our LivesHow Decoding Our Genetic Secrets Can Save Our Lives

맞춤의료와 예방의학에 활용되는 유전체 해독

BRCA1 유전자 - 종양 억제 유전자

17번 염색체

BRCA 1유전자

정상의 BRCA1 서열

AAA ARC TTA GAG TCT

서열상에서 두 염기서열이 삭제된유전적 돌연변이

AAA ATC TTA __G TCT두 개의 서열이 없어진 채로 진행

AAA ATC TTA GTC TCC

BRCA1 서열 돌연변이

GA

BRCA1 서열돌연변이

돌연변이 유전자를

가진 사람들은 무엇을

할 수 있을까?

감시

가능한 빨리 암 발병

여부를 알아냄

BRCA1 유전자에 돌연변이가 생긴 여성의 60-80%는 유방암으로 진행할 가능성이 있고, 20-30%는 난소암으로 진행할 가능성 있다. 남성의 경우 전립선암에 걸릴 확률이 높다.

BRCA1 유전자 돌연변이는 종양 억제 유전자의 기능을 차단한다. (유전자는 문자로 표현되는 “염기서열”로 구성된다.)

건강의 위험성이나 예방의 지표가 되는 유전자는 어떻게 분석할까?

유전자 지도 작성이

점점 저렴해지고,

이해 가능해짐에 따라

여러가지로 이용이

가능해지면서,

사람들은 자신의 유전적

소질에 대한 정보에

관심을 보이고 있다.이들 변이 유전자를 가진 사람은 자손에게 상속될 위험성이 50%가 된다.

위험 회피

운동과 알콜 섭취 제한

예방적 화학 요법

타목시펜과 같은 약물

요법

예방적 수술

나팔관과 난소 절제술

또는 제거

Source: George Church, Havard University; Mayo Clinic; National Cancer InstituteJessica Chosid - Bloomberg

Center for Genome Science http://cgs.cdc.go.kr