GRM 2011: Sorghum Research Initiative progress report

SorghumResearch Initiative

Crop meeting

GCP - General Research MeetingHyderabad 25/9/11

Outline• 1- Update on ongoing RI projects• BCNAM: Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the sudano-sahelian

zone of west africa using the backcross nested association mapping (BC-NAM) approach

•MARS: Improving sorghum productivity in semi-arid environments of Mali through integrated MARS

• II - Parallel Crop meeting • Linking activities• Community of Practices

Enhancing sorghum grain yield and quality for the sudano-sahelian zone of west africa

using the backcross nested association mapping (BC-NAM) approach

The maize Nested Association Mapping design

Dense genotyping of 26 parents

Coarse genotyping of 5000 progenies

Combine linkage and association analysis

5000 individuals

Yu et al., 2008. Genetics 178: 539–55

NAM non-recurrent parental-linesNAM recurrent parental-line

Increase the genetic diversity of Australian sorghum by introgression of new alleles into adapted backgrounds

• geographic or racial diversity• observed phenotypic diversity• phenotypic extremes• elite lines from breeding programs in other countries• fertile wild species

From D. Jordan

DGP programme at Queensland DEEDI

Box plots of NAM populations for environment types 1 & 4 expressed as deviations from the mean yield of the environment group. The red line represents the performance of the RP.

Jordan et al., 2011

DGP programme at Queensland DEEDI

36 parental lines57 populations BC1F4100-150 individuals each 10

CDP

14SDP

10SDP

Grinkan Lata3KKeni

BC-NAM populations development

BC-NAM parents

Donor parents are diverse in height and botanical types.

Grinkan

Lata3 Keninkeni

Parental lines responds differently to day length.

1416SNPs

BC-NAM: current statusPopulation development

• Population development• MABC ms3 conversion of

recurrent parents (Grinkan, Keninkeni)

• Generation advancement during offseason

• Phenotyping in 2012 rainy season on BC1F4 families

• Genotyping of BC1F3 (Managed at the GCP level)

• BC1F6 population released at the end of the project

3

ms3

BC-NAM: Current statusRecurrent parent Lata-3Lata-3 Grinkan KeninkeniDonors # BC1F1 plants # BC1F2 families # BC1F2 families # BC1F2 familiesGrinkan Common 1050 66 -- 150Lata3 Common -- -- 79 30Keninkeni Common 1050 59 11 --E36 Common 1050 51 167 177Framida Common 960 68 180 --IS15401 Common 1500 55 168 160IS23540 Common 1350 49 154 154IS23645 Common 720 37 191 --SC566 Common 1050 50 153 --SK5912 Common 1050 86 94 --IS24887 Common 1050 -- 144 171Tieble (CSM 335) ICR. Spec. 1050 62 -- --Ngolofing (CSM660) ICR. Spec. 1200 68 -- --DouaG ICR. Spec. 840 50 -- --Gnossiconi ICR. Spec. 1350 66 -- --L2P9 ICR. Spec. 810 79 -- --Lina ICR. Spec. 1050 85 -- --Ribdahu ICR. Spec. 1350 81 -- --Sambalma ICR. Spec. 810 82 -- --Soumba (CIRAD 406) ICR. Spec. 1050 84 -- --White Kaura ICR. Spec. 1200 76 -- --Tiandougou IER Spec. -- -- 19 238V33/08 IER Spec. -- -- 100 --Sanga IER Spec. -- -- 3 154Kalaban IER Spec. -- -- 200 204Malisor IER Spec. -- -- 111 149Y359 IER Spec. -- -- 154 154BimbG IER Spec. -- -- 161 202B35 IER Spec. -- -- 132 119Konotene IER Spec. -- -- 210 --CSM417 IER Spec. -- -- 189 100CSM63 IER Spec. -- -- 103 --CSM388 IER Spec. -- -- 199 --Gadiaba IER Spec. -- -- 155 --White Kaura IER Spec. -- -- 189 --

Improving sorghum productivity in semi-arid environments of Mali

through integrated MARS

MARS: increase the exploration of recombination potential in bi-parental population

Breed for :multiple traitspolygenic traitsdiverse environments...

...Towards an ideal genotype cumulating favourable alleles from both parents for all genes involved in different target traits

X

Parent 1 Parent 2




X

Parent 1 Parent 2

X

Parent 1 Parent 2

QTL detectionMultiple traits

Multiple environments

GV




X

Parent 1 Parent 2

X

Parent 1 Parent 2

GV GV GV GV GV GV GV GV GVGV GV GV GV

QTL detectionMultiple traits

Multiple environments

GV

Lata3 KeninkeniTiandougou

Sow

ing d

ate 1

1 Ju

lySo

win

g dat

e 11

June

X X

Parents chosen for MARS are elite varieties with complementary traits

Guinea typeMedium size

Photoperiod sensitiveTillering

Caudatum typeShort size

Photoperiod sensitiveHigh productivity

GC typeMedium size

Photoperiod sensitiveGood grain quality

Phot

os: M

. Vak

sman

n

400 F3 400 F3

MARS: current statusYear Season Population 1 Population 2

2008 Rainy Season S1 S1

2009 off S2 S2

2009 off S3 S3

2009 Rainy Season S4 S4

2010 off F3 Genotyping

2010 off S4 seed increase

2010 Rainy Season Multilocal Phenotyping F4 seed increase

2011 off QTL analysis

2011 Rainy Season C1 cycle (F4 families) Multilocal Phenotyping

2011 Rainy Season C1 Genotyping

2011 Rainy Season C1 crosses

2012 off C1 increase F3 Genotyping

2012 off QTL Analysis

2012 Rainy Season C1 evaluation

2012 Rainy Season C2 cycle C1 cycle (F4 families)

2012 Rainy Season C1 Genotyping C1 Genotyping

2012 Rainy Season C1 crosses C1 crosses

... ... ... ...

MARS multilocation phenotyping• 3 locations : Sotuba, Cinzana, Farako• 2 sowing dates in each location•Multiple traits• Yield and components• Flowering date• Plant morphology• Panicle morphology and architecture• Grain quality (NIRS + mini Tô)

MARS implementation 4

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MARS implementation 4

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To color

Economic value of trait

t

Effect of the fav. allele of

QTL q of trait t

Probability of occurence of genotype i at

QTL q

Selection value of

genotype i at QTL q

GV = ∑βt ∑αqt ∑piqtδiqtt q i

Data management & sharing• Continue the integration of IBP data management tools with

activities of the RI: turn ongoing projects into well established protocols that can be routinely applied.• Data capture for breeding management • Data capture for field evaluation and trait ontology adoption• Decision support tools availability

• ICIS implementation

IERIcrisat

Samanko

BCNAM

IcrisatCentral level

Project level

Local level

Working together with theQueensland Government

Developing drought-adapted sorghum germplasm for Africa and Australia

University of Queensland Andrew Borrell David Jordan

Queensland Government Barb

George-Jaeggli

IER, Mali Sidi Bekaye Coulibaly

Niaba Teme Mamoutou Kouressy

CIRAD, Mali Michel Vaksmann


Objectives (Phase 2)

Objective 1: Evaluating in Africa the material produced in Phase 1

Objective 2• Training in Australia for visiting African scientists on

sorghum crop improvement• Training in Africa by visiting Australian scientists on

sorghum crop improvement

Objective 3: Evaluation of African germplasm for known stay-green regions


Evaluation in Africa of material produced in Phase I (Phase 2)

Seed from selected BC1F2 will be used by Malian collaborators for final stage selection and evaluation.

QTL-enriched lines will be evaluated in about 12 trials per year (6 countries x 2 sites per country) over 2 years.

Target countries will include Mali, Niger, Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda.

Five plants from each of 15 backcross-derived introgression lines have been selected (13 lines from F2_R04021-2/PI609084 and 2 lines from F2_R04003-2/PI585749).

Hence about 75 genotypes x 2 reps x 2 water regimes (WW & WD) will be evaluated per site, depending on irrigation capacity for WW treatment.

Evaluation will focus on yield, height, maturity, stay-green and grain quality.

Mali, Niger, Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya & Uganda

Fingerprinting projectICRISAT

(Mali)IER(Mali)

BCNAM &

MARSParents

EMBRAPA(Brasil)

RMPParents

FingerprintingDataset

1416Kaspar Conv.

SNPs

Deedi(Australia)

SG QTL enriched material INRAN

(Niger)

MOI U.(Kenya)

ARC(Sudan)

Ethiopia

Makere U.(Uganda)

300

Breeding material characterizationMAB project design

A sorghum crop improvementCommunity of Practice

• Sharing, improving exchange, coaching toward the common objective of sorghum improvement

• Objectives:

• Being updated (Research, Opportunities, General information)

• Sharing technical and scientific information on methodologies for modern breeding (Questions/Answers, Guidelines repository, etc.)

• Sharing genetic material and data

A sorghum crop improvementCommunity of Practice

• A virtual space of communication seems a good starting point• IBP Portal• Open

•Need for coordination and mentorship

• Complementary to existing sorghum CoPs (e.g McKnight F.) that can be invited to participate and contribute to this CoP

Ibrahima SissokoEva Weltzien

H Fred W RattundeTom Hash

Bettina Haussmann

Elodie LacutJean-Francois Rami

Ronan Rivallan Michel Vaksmann

David R JordanAndrew Borrell

Niaba TéméMamoutou KouressySidy Bekaye Coulibaly

Flakoro CoulibalyYacouba Dembélé

Mohamed DoumbiaMahamady KanéKorotimi TheraDramane SakoDiarah Guindo

Frederic CossicDenis Lespinasse

Michel Ragot

Photo S. Braconnier

Jurandir Magalhaes

Martha HamblinTheresa FultonLeon Kochian

INRANSoumana souley

Moi UniversitySam Gudu

Makere UniversityRichard EdemaPatrick Okiri

Technology

GRM 2011: Sorghum Research Initiative progress report