GRM 2011: Phenotyping wheat for drought tolerance

Phenotyping for Drought Traits in Wheat

Francis Ogbonnaya/Fernanda Dreceer

GCP AGM 21-25 Sept 2011

Outline of Presentation


Background Objectives Activities Team Some results

Background


There have been various project attempts aimed at improving adaptation to drought.

However, at the field level, advances are limited by:

i. The lack of methods for reliable high-throughput phenotyping that allow season-long monitoring of complex traits (e.g. crop water status or use)

(Different technologies are around and used ad hoc, with no systematic calibration or link between them or with other soil, weather and ancillary crop info)

ii. knowledge on which traits and trait combinations are most relevant to different patterns of drought;

(fragmentary, poor quantification across different mega-environments)

In addition:

It would be useful to know which traits underpin performance of already successful germplasm under drought, such as elite ICARDA germplasm.

Objectives


1. Develop and validate a field-based, low-cost, high throughput phenotyping system with the purpose of estimating patterns of crop water use on a seasonal basis

2. Make progress towards assessing the relative impact of putative key traits on drought adaptation by comparing related lines contrasting in trait value in different drought mega-environments.

3. Develop a better understanding of the potential value of ICARDA elite drought adapted lines and the traits underpinning them in contrasting drought environments (all project lines will be genotyped using SSR markers from the GCP genetic diversity kit).

4. Build capability in non-invasive phenotyping methods related to drought tolerant traits and the estimated value of different traits, particularly within the Central and West Asia and North Africa.

Activities


Progress towards

knowledge on trait impact on

yield under different types

of drought

Activity 1

Activity 3 Activity 2

Activity 4

Site characterisation

Phenotypic screen development and

validation

Season long phenotypic signature

Trait comparison-phenotyping

Capability building CWANA region

Characterisation

ICARDA lines

Traits underpinning

drought adaptation in ICARDA lines

Trained human resources in

selection tools and traits in

CWANA region

Selection tools: high

throughput phenotyping

protocols

Products

Partners are based in contrasting drought mega-environments


Obregon,

Mexico

Kulumsa and Dhera,

Ethiopia

Gatton and

Temora,

Australia

Sidi el Aydi,

Morocco

Tel Hadya and

Hassakieh,

Syria

Summer dominant rainfall

Winter dominant rainfall

Uniform rainfall

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Mollweide-projection.jpg

Activities

CAIGE meeting Adelaide March 11, 2011


• Plant Materials- 200 wheat lines, including 47 to 72 contrasts for known traits – such as early vigour, transpiration efficiency, stem soluble carbohydrates, stay green, etc.

•Environmental Characterisation- soil and weather characterisation per site •Phenotyping protocols - Common protocols were agreed on for three areas of research activities: screen development, trait comparison and characterisation •Project Workshop - training meeting held in Aleppo May 2010 •Data Management – Translational data base where data are being collated

Activities

20-25 field trials between 2010 to 2011 Characterized with molecular markers At least 3 -4 tentative papers Germplasm in national variety trials Future MARS tool - ICARDA

Traits YLD

Yield in Kg by hectare

BIO Biomass

HI Harvest index

TR Threshing index

TKW Thousand Kernel weight

PH Plant height

DH Date to heading

DM Date to maturity

DB Days to booting

DA Days to Anthesis

DT

Days to tillering

SEARF11

PM21 Number of plants, 1 week after emergence (m-2) Merc11

GFP Grain filling period (or duration GFD)

GCZ22 Ground cover at Zadoc scale 22

GCT Ground cover at Tillering

GCSE Ground cover at Stem elongation

GCET Ground cover at early tillering

GCZ12 Ground cover at Zadoc scale 12

GCET Ground Cover at early tillering

GCLT Ground Cover at late tillering

VIGE Vigor early

VIGET Vigor at early tillering

VIGLT Vigor at late tillering

VIGSE Vigor at stem elongation

VIGZ12

Vigor at Zadoc scale12

SL Spike length

PL Peduncle length

SPM2 Number of spike per meter square

KM2 Number of kernel by meter square

KWM2 Kernel weight per meter square

KSPK Number of kernel per spike

PW1D 1 Dcm weight from Peduncle

SKW Sample kernel weight

SB Sample biomass

SSN Sample Spike number

SKN Sample kernel number

NDVI 1 NDVI 4days after heading


NDVI 3 NDVI25days after heading


SPAD1 SPAD 8 daya after heading



SW stem Wax

LW Leaf Wax

LR Leaf rolling

LD32DAH Leaves death 32 Days after heading

LD40DAH Leaves death 40 Days after heading

CTH Canopy Temperature 14-4 at Heading

ATH Air Temperature 14-4 at heading

DTH DIF (AIR T -Canopy T) 14-4 at heading

CTBGF Canopy temperature at begining of grain filling 21-4

ATBGF Air Temperature 21-4 at begining of grain filling

DTBGF DIF (AIR T -Canopy T) 21-4 at begining of grain filling

CTEGF Canopy temperature at Late of grain filling 4-5

ATEGF Air Temperature 4-5 at Late of grain filling

DTEGF DIF (AIR T -Canopy T) 4-5 at Late of grain filling

FLA Flag leaf Area

FLL Flag leaf length

FLW Flag leaf width

DLW Dry weight Flag leaf

SLW Specific leaf weight

CTMGF Canopy temperature at the MID grain filling TH10

CTEGF Canopy temperature at the end of grain filling TH10

CTTL Canopy temperature at Tillering

CTBT Canopy temperature at booting

SPAD SPAD

CTBGF Canopy temperature at begining of grain filling

CTMGF Canopy temperature at mid- grain filling

CTEGF Canopy temperature at the end of grain filling

TP Tipping percentage

TD Tipping damage

Impact-Is GCP germplasm useful for NARs?


Environment Mean 1 2 3 4

BR11 2760 AUS30355 CHAM-6/SHUHA-14/73 DOBUC-1/FOW-2/125 KHATWA-4

ETHDH09 335 SsrT16 KHATWA-4 DOBUC-1/FOW-2/125 CHAM-6/SHUHA-14/73

ETHDH10 2249 SsrT16 KHATWA-4 DOBUC-1/FOW-2/125 CHAM-6/SHUHA-14/73

ETHML09 749 SsrT16 KHATWA-4 DOBUC-1/FOW-2/125 CHAM-6/SHUHA-14/73

ETHML10 2311 AUS30355 KHATWA-4 SsrT16 DOBUC-1/FOW-2/125

MERC11 3215 VOROBEY CHAM-6/SHUHA-14/19 DOUMA-4 NEJMAH-16

SEAIRR10 1878 AUS30355 SHIHAB-12 AUS30354 KAUZ'S'/PREW

SEAIRR11 4225 SHIHAB-12 KOUKAB-2 SOKOLL MOOWAFAQ-3

SEARF10 1788 AUS30355 VOROBEY ATTILA-7 CHAM-6/SHUHA-14/19

SEARF11 4473 SsrT16 CHAM-6/SHUHA-14/19 NEJMAH-16 ATTILA-7

TH10 2995 AUS30355 CHAM-6/SHUHA-14/73 DOBUC-1/FOW-2/125 KHATWA-4

TH11 3259 AUS30355 CHAM-6/SHUHA-14/73 KHATWA-4 DOBUC-1/FOW-2/125

Meeting Aleppo May 2010: meeting and training, protocol agreement


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Funding Agencies Collaborators

Breeders: Osman Abdalla Greg Rebetzke Richard Richards David Bonnett Matthew Reynolds Richard Trethowan,

Thanks

ICARDA

Technology

GRM 2011: Phenotyping wheat for drought tolerance