Glyn Moody - open data, open innovation

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presentation given at South Tyrol Free Software Conference on November 18, 2011. It explores how the new world of abundance creates and requires new kinds of open, digital innovation. It also looks at some of the possible business models for companies based around open data.

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  • 1. open source, open data,open innovation
    • glyn moody

2.

  • once in a lifetime?
  • global society is passing through a major transition

3. transition from analogue to digital

  • vinyl LPs to CDs

4. video tapes to DVDs 5. books to ebooks *not* once in a lifetime 6. once in a *civilisation* 7. the digital world

  • the passage from analogue to digital touches most facets of modern life

8. most evident in the realm of content music, film, text 9. but also touches science, business and government 10. brings need to move from approaches based on scarcity to those based on abundance 11. digital abundance

  • marginal cost of a digital copy is close to zero

12. today:50 USB memory stick, capacity 32 Gbytes, stores 5,000 songs 13. tomorrow: 50 USB memory stick, capacity 32 Tbytes = 32,000 Gbytes, stores 5,000,000 songs

  • Spotify: 15,000,000 tracks

14. digital knowledge

  • day after tomorrow: able to put all recorded knowledge text, sounds, pictures, video - on a memory stick, or in a smartphone

15. selective updates via Internet 16. everyone with a smartphone can collaborate as equal 17. innovation becomes democratised and hyperconnected 18. analogue innovation

  • traditional innovation in an analogue (pre-Web) world
  • centralised

19. top-down 20. collaboration hard 21. not scalable *closed* innovation 22. digital innovation

  • *open* innovation
  • de-centralised

23. bottom-up 24. collaboration easy 25. scalable first appeared in the earliest digital domain: software 26. its birth and characteristics can be observed in the story of GNU/Linux 27. what's GNU?

  • GNU born in 1984 at MIT

28. GNU is GNU's Not Unix - a recursive acronym 29. one man's attempt to create a free version of the leading Unix operating system 30. singular vision 31. a change of heart

  • by 1991, GNU was still unfinished: it lacked a kernel - the heart of the operating system

32. in March 1991, 21-year-old student Linus Torvalds started writing one just for fun in his Helsinki bedroom 33. key inflection was August 1991, when he opened up his Linux project using the Internet 34. open innovation

  • decentralised
  • anyone, anywhere, could join in

bottom-up

  • people fed suggestions, problems and solutions to Linus

collaboration easy

  • Internet was more affordable

scalable

  • no formal training required everything is out in the open

35. Linus' Law

  • Eric Raymond: given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow

36. adding more people to a project increases the probability that someones approach will match the problem in such a way that the solution is obvious (shallow) to that person 37. power of open innovation 38. fruits of open innovation

  • 91% of top 500 supercomputers run Linux
  • 0.2% run Microsoft Windows

Google runs its services on millions of servers running Linux

  • so does Facebook, Twitter etc.

Android mobile phone system runs on Linux

  • 600,000 handsets activated daily

39. launched November 2007 40. open innovation projects

  • open content

41. open access 42. open data 43. open content

  • 10 million articles on Wikipedia

44. 100 million blogs 45. hundreds of millions videos on YouTube 46. 5 billion pictures on Flickr 47. one trillion URLs (2008) 48. open access

  • scientific method based on sharing knowledge originated 17th century

49. undermined in later 20th century

  • US Bayh-Dole Act (1980)

50. scientific publishing open access free online access to research

  • arXiv.org - 713,177 e-prints (1991)

51. Public Library of Science (2001) 52. open data - HGP

  • Human Genome Project
  • started 1991, budget of $3.8 billion

53. first "complete" human genome published 2001 54. first and biggest open data project 55. Bermuda Agreement (1996)

  • all human genomic data placed in public domain immediately, no restrictions

56. open data today

  • scientific data

57. business data 58. government data

  • open government/transparency

59. non-personal 60. the economics of open data

  • Human Genome Project
  • cost: $3.8 billion

61. benefit: $796 billion economic impact, created 310,000 jobs EU government data (closed)

  • cost: 9.5bn

62. benefit: 68bn US government data (open)

  • cost: 19bn

63. benefit: 750bn 64. open source businesses

  • direct
  • Red Hat - makes money selling open source services

indirect

  • Facebook - making money from using a mixture of open source internally

65. Google/Android - building business ecosystem by releasing open source 66. open data businesses

  • direct
  • OpenCorporates.com - "a URL for every company in the world"; 20 territories and 13 million companies

indirect

  • making money from a mixture of open data: mashup

67. building business ecosystem by releasing open data 68. open businesses

  • open source
  • using free software to save money, increase independence

open data

  • using free information to save money, increaseindependence

open innovation

  • sharing open source tools, open data with partners, customers and competitors

69. open source, open data, open innovation

  • [email_address] @glynmoody on Twitter/identi.ca opendotdotdot.blogspot.com