Hawaiian Islands Orthoimagery UpdateHIGICC, Data Discovery

March 14th, 2014

Anthony J. KimmetActing National Imagery LeaderUSDA-NRCS-National Geospatial Center of Excellence501 Felix, Bldg. 23Fort Worth, Texas 76115(817)-509-3434 (Office)

HIGICC Topics

• Hawaii Orthoimagery

• Future Acquisitions

• Special Acquisitions

Pacific Basin Orthoimagery information was presented at the PRiMO conference on Wednesday, March 12th. If you would like a copy of this presentation please contact Tony Kimmet (tony.kimmet@ftw.usda.gov)

Hawaii Orthoimagery Availability1997 - 2014

Camera/Sensor Resolution Islands Covered Years Special Project Areas

- Aerial 1 Meter All / 70% 1997-2002 No

- Aerial 1 Ft GSD Oahu 2005, 2008 No

- Satellite/DG-QB2 .6 Meter All / 100% 2003-2008 No

- Satellite/DG-WV2 .5 Meter All / 100% 2009-2012 Yes: Molokai, Maui, Lanai

• Version 2 of Orthoimagery for Hawaii is complete

• Data distribution is via two portable discs, 3 TB each disc

• Hawaii Island and Kahoolawe were updated and released

as “Version 2, Release 2”.

Hawaiian IslandsStatus of DG-WV2

March, 2014Version 2, Disc 1

Version 2, Disc 2

Hawaii Island Orthoimagery MosaicsRelease 1 (March, 2013) Release 2 (July, 2013)

•USDA-NRCS-National Geospatial Center of Excellence (NGCE) updated the Hawaii Island DigitalGlobe WorldView-2 (DG-WV2) Release 1 mosaic which was distributed in March, 2013.

•Hawaii Island Orthoimagery Mosaic , Release 2 corrects some issues with Imagery distortion in northwest area of Hawaii Island near the city area of Waimea along with a few other noticeable anomalies.

•After distribution of Release 1 mosaic, imagery distortion was discovered in the Waimea area if the scale of Imagery was viewed at 1:3,000 scale or less. The NGCE decided to correct this issue and a few other correctable issues in the northwest area.

•Hawaii Island, Release 2 does not contain any new imagery but the existing scenes were enhanced and corrected. The following shows some of the corrections that were applied.

Hawaii Island, Orthoimagery Mosaic, November 2013, Release 2

DG-WV2 Imagery outlined in red were reprocessed to correct known anomalies.

The following shows what the corrections are for the areas listed in the map.

Release 2

2

Hawaii Island, Orthoimagery Mosaic, March 2013, Release 1

Notice that the imagery at a scale of 1:8,000 looks relatively clear of any distortion

Waimea, Hawaii

Hawaii Island, Orthoimagery Mosaic, March 2013, Release 1

Imagery at a scale of 1:2,000 or less shows most objects twice with a slight displacement.

Waimea, Hawaii

Hawaii Island Orthoimagery MosaicsWaimea Area

Release 1 (March, 2013) Release 2 (July, 2013)

Hawaii Island Orthoimagery MosaicsWaikoloa Area (NW Hawaii)

Release 1 (March, 2013) Release 2 (July, 2013)

Three different DG-WV2 scenes converged in the city area.

#1

#2

#3

Hawaii Island Orthoimagery MosaicsHalaula Area (NW Hawaii)

Version 1 (March, 2013) Version 2 (July, 2013)

Cloud Patch Window Eliminated

Scene cutline moved from this orchard

Hawaii Island Orthoimagery Mosaic, Release 2PDF Files Created for Hawaii GIS Community

Hawaii Orthoimagery, Release 2, November 2013

After researching this issue, the NGCE discovered the following on the Imagery distortion issue for the Waimea area.

• The NGCE completed a mosaic of Hawaii Island utilizing one version, or the best available DG-WV2 data for most areas of Hawaii Island.

• The NGCE re-processed the Hawaii Mosaic many times to correct the distortion issue. Other know ammonias were also cleared up in this reprocessing.

• Release 2 was distributed to a few sites in Hawaii for evaluation in August, 2013.

Majority of WV2 Orthoimagery Smears are located in this area

Know issues with Hawaii DG-WV2 Orthoimagery Mosaic, Release 2

- Waipio Valley in North West Hawaii Island has several Orthoimagery anomalies or smears/stretched at or near the coastline.

- Selective areas of Waipio Valley has extreme terrain relief. A picture from the following website illustrates the issue.

http://www.gohawaii.com/big-island/regions-neighborhoods/hamakua-coast/waipio-valley-lookout

Terrain with high relief is difficult for a satellite to capture successfully

Example of Imagery Smear in Waipio Valley

2002

- 3 Bands, 1 Meter GSD

- Collected 1997- 2002

- 80% of Island collected

USDA-NRCS-NGCE Hawaii Island

High Priority AreasNew Orthoimagery

2009

- 4 Bands, .6 Meter GSD

- Collected 2003-20008

- 100% of Island collected

Issues:

- Clouds- Imagery Smears- Age of Imagery

- Hawaii Mosaic will likely receive incremental changes every 6-12 months.

Hawaii Island – Potential Upgrade Areas

DigitalGlobe WV2Hilo, Hawaii

March 7th, 2014

Kahoolawe, DG-WV2 Release 1

The original DigitalGlobe WorldView-2 (DG-WV2) data received for Kahoolawe, Hawaii in 2010 was found not to overlay well with the previous USDA-NRCS-NGCE released QB-2 dataset (2005).

Kahoolawe, DG-WV2 Release 2

• The NRCS-NGCE in 2013 acquired several new versions of DG-WV2 for Kahoolawe.

• After testing 3 new versions of WV-2, the NGCE determined that none of the new versions aligned well with the previously released QB-2 datasets. After reviewing the accuracy test results, the NGCE decided to test rectify a version of WV-2 called Kahoolawe, WV-2, Version 4.

• Version 4 appears to be the most viable version because of the following. 

- Relatively low off-NADIR Angle (12.99)- High Sun Angle for the majority of the island (72.12’)- Relatively low clouds for the majority of the island- Steep cliff areas in the south and east ends of the island were viewable since the NADIR and sun angle were favorable.

Kahoolawe, DG-WV2 Release 2 (Version 4)

After processing the Imagery in ArcMap, the NGCE was able to reduce the error to below 10 meters for all areas.

Hawaii Orthoimagery DG-WV2 Acquisition Dates

Kauai: 2010

Niihau: 2010

Oahu: 2010-2011

Maui: 2009-2010

Lanai: 2010-11

Molokai: 2009-2011

Kahoolawe, R1: 2010

Kahoolawe, R2: 2011-2012

Hawaii: 2009-2012

Alternate Versions of West Maui, West Molokai and Lanai are available

Sedimentation StudiesWV-2, 2/24/2011

Coral Reef InventoryWV-2, 10/14/2011

USDA-NRCS-NGCE and USGS-Pacific Coastal and Marine Science CenterWorking together to collect best available satellite imagery for scientific use

Lanai, Hawaii Different Uses for Satellite Imagery?

Tentative Launch in Late 2014

• USDA-NRCS released complete coverage of Hawaii and some of the Pacific Basin in WorldView-2 with 8 Multi-Spectral Bands

• What is the PRiMO community reaction to this type of Orthoimagery?• WorldView-3 will collect 16 Multi-Spectral Bands. Can we justify the extra cost for the extra MS bands?

Federal Government license is for 50 cm (.5 Meter) GSD. DG has applied for a 30 cm license (~ 1 feet) !

• USDA-FSA-APFO has issued contracts for Orthoimagery for Hawaii and Maui Counties with DigitalGlobe (WV2, 8 Bands, 8 Bits). Contract ended last fall. Waiting for results.

• Oldest Orthoimagery is on Kauai, Maui and Eastern Hawaii Island. These islands/areas may be the highest priority for new acquisitions?

• Correct smearing Orthoimagery issues in Northwest Hawaii Island?

• HIGICC members need new Orthoimagery for a special project?

• Funding exists to update some Orthoimagery in Hawaii. Emphasis may be where the best new Imagery is available.

Future Hawaii Orthoimagery Updates?

USDA-NRCS/DOD-NGA need user feedback from the HIGICC on how satellite Imagery is benefitting your programs. Any maps, documentation would be appreciated!

Any research on the usefulness of the WV-2 8 Multi-Spectral bands on Remote Sensing applications (i.e.. Vegetation Analysis, Coral Reef Inventory etc…)

Imagery Information Requested by USDA-NRCS

tony.kimmet@ftw.usda.gov(817)-509-3434

End of PresentationThank You for your time!

R4_R5 – Merged with scene from R4

Hawaii Island, East Kona Area

Original Data ReceivedImagery Date 12/16/2012

Scenes: R4W_R5W

Used Alternate SceneImagery Date 01/15/2012

Scenes: R4

From Final WV-2 Mosaic for Hawaii

What new Pacific Basin areas will be available in 2014Version 2 Status

Available Now: 4 TB Total, All DG-WV2, Most is WV-2, 8 Multi-Spectral Bands- Marshall Islands: 300 GB Compressed Files (MrSID, ECW) 4 TB Complete Dataset

Available in May/June 2014, 4 TB Total, All DG-WV2 is 8 Multi-Spectral Bands- Guam (DG-WV2/Astrium) and High-Resolution Aerial- Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands- American Samoa (High Resolution Aerial, DG-WV2)- US Outlining Territories (DG-WV2)

Palau and Federated States of Micronesia are tasking! Please contact USDA-NRCS for what is available.

Files Available- MrSID Compressed Mosaic- GeoTIFF Original Files- Erdas Imagine Mosaics ( Natural Color, Pan Sharpen 4/8 Multi-Spectral)- Shapefiles and Metadata

Differences in local weather can affect what Satellite scenes are best for a given purpose

12/11/2011

12/30/2012

NW Lanai, Hawaii

Trade Winds Started by 10:30am Local Time on this Image

NRCS is working when possible with local land owners to use conservation practices to prevent soil runoff.

Optimum Satellite Scenes for Coral Reef Inventory

Lanai, HawaiiDG-WV2

Desired Imagery Characteristics- Low winds- Minimum Sun Glint- No precipitation in previous 12-24 hours

Optimum Satellite Scenes for Soil Sedimentation Studies

Lanai, HawaiiDG-WV2

Weather reports listed 1.33 inches of rain on Lanai on 2/23/11-2/24/11.

Hawaii DG-WV2Orthoimagery Acquisition Dates

Imagery: .5 meter Resolution 8 Multi-Spectral Bands

Niihau2010

Oahu2010-11

Kauai2010

KahoolaweRelease 1

2010

Hawaii2009-2012

KahoolaweRelease 22011-12

Hawaii DG-WV2Orthoimagery Acquisition Dates

Imagery: .5 meter Resolution 8 Multi-Spectral Bands

Niihau2010

KahoolaweRelease 1

2010

KahoolaweRelease 22011-12

Maui2009-10

West Maui2010-11

Molokai 2009-11

Lanai2011

West Molokai 2010-11

Kahoolawe, DG-WV2 Release 2