ANALYSIS OF THE NATURAL CONDITIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN STRUCTURE IN BRATISLAVA - RAČA, SK

Juraj Furdík, Rostislav Ondruš, Dávid Murín, Daniel Furdík furdik@fa.stuba.sk, www.fa.stuba.sk

THE PROJECT CHARACTERISTIC

• Analysis of the natural conditions forms an basic part of the urban and landscape study "Vineyard - City District Bratislava - Rača", which on the order of the Local Authority city district Bratislava - Rača is compiled by a team of authors led by prof. Ing. arch. P. Gal, PhD. and Ing. arch. J. Furdík, PhD. Faculty of Architecture, STU in Bratislava was coordinator for project of this analysis.

• The social order was based on the role of mutually contradictory pressures on the territory of Rača vineyards, where on the one side are the defenders of the interests of the vineyard and on the other, the interests of owners and developers.

• Delimitation of the area was given by city districts and was designed by current borders of vineyards in the Master plan of Bratislava despite the fact that, even now, are functional and promising area of vineyards outside these borders, it means, that he was not interested in solving this problem with a comprehensive review of all the available areas in the cadastral territory of the city district Bratislava - Rača. Solved territory consists of five compact sectors with a total area of 251.7 hectares.

THE AREA

Sector A

Sector B

Sector C

Sector D Sector E

WIDER RELATIONSHIPS

• Analysis of the natural conditions (in her summary of terroir) should provide an objective basis, which would determine the most suitable localities for the maintenance of vineyards in the solution area. Of course, this analysis of the vineyards in Rača is not sufficient. The next steps must be completion of urban studies and planning scheme of a particular legal system and support mechanisms that make real the existence of a specific viniculture in immediate contact with the urban structure of Bratislava.

• Analysis of the natural conditions, with emphasis on the analysis of the spatial characteristics of the territory, using a digital terrain model (Eurosense Ltd.) becomes the model initial analysis project vineyards in Slovakia, which expresses the terroir key features affecting the quality of wine production.

• Digital terrain model (DTM) from EUROSENCE SLOVAKIA with geographical information systems GRASS and Quantum GIS (open source softwere) provide the basic framework for spatial analysis of natural conditions in the Rača area of vineyards.

THE MODEL INITIAL ANALYSIS PROJECT VINEYARDS IN SLOVAKIA

DEFINITION OF TERROIR

Units of quality SOIL ECOLOGY UNITS

HEIGHT GRADES the altitude

Height grades legibly reflect the altitude, which affects the climate of individual plots, in the valleys it is a longer period of fogs, at higher altitudes is a difference of 1 ° C per 100 meters of height.

Declination of relief

The declination of relief in direction of the catchment curve in relation to the orientation to the cardinal points has a basic influence on the amount of energy incident on the individual vineyard plots and economy working of vineyard.

The projection of declination in vineyard plots

The suitability of declination is from 5 ° to 25 °, optimally from 5 ° to 15 °. The projection of declination in vineyard plots, which have been formed historically, determines their suitability and orientation to choose the type of grape.

Orientation to the cardinal points

Orientation to the cardinal points of the relief together with declination determine the appropriateness of the choice of vineyards plot in the solution area. The shading by horizon is important too, because the proximity of the forest and the Small Carpathian Mountains. Most favorable orientation is in the order of 1. south, southwest, 2. southeast, west.

The sunlight rays angle fall and the shading of relief

The sunlight rays angle fall and the shading of relief. Comprehensive view on the appropriate vineyard areas provides analysis of the sunlight rays angle fall and the shading of relief. Given the growing season vine in the analysis singled out three key

days (20.3, 21.6, 23.9) and three breakthrough times - times of the day (2 h after sunrise, noon, 2 h before sunset). The average of the sunlight rays angle falls and sumof shadows created a complex output determining the most appropriate locations for growing vines.

The sunlight rays angle fall and the shading of relief

Analysis of direct sunlight Direct sunlight in its summary reflects the sum of suitable properties from previous orographic factors analyzed area Rača vineyards. Direct sunlight (abstracted - without taking into account the impact of cloud and other dynamic

components of weather) is expressed in hours of glare and average daily total solar radiation Wh/m2/deň. Given the representativeness of the factor analysis was carried out of direct sunlight in five key days (20.03, 05.05, 21.06, 07.08, 23.09) which is higher optimization analysis result.

Direct sunlight the projection in vineyard plots

Forms of georelief

A separate part of the analysis was to analyze the forms of georelief, which is a strong orographic factor, but its expression in our GIS analysis was highly structured without opportunity of examination for impact of georelief forms to quality of vineyard.

Conclusion

• Sample introductory analysis of spatial natural conditions Rača vineyard was limited time and financial possibilities of the project, but nevertheless becomes a useful tool to protect vineyards and sustainable development of urban structures in contact with the existing buildings of the city. Usage of analysis in favor harmony of two conflicting functions generates the perspective of optimalized settlement structure with the agricultural landscape of vineyards. An obvious prerequisite for the wine business becomes integrated production with optimal protection of the natural environment.

• The use of GIS technology in the Slovak wine-growing areas opens new possibilities for evaluating the quality wine areas and creates a precise definition of the conditions for quality classes of vineyards and their precise spatial destination. Obvious completion methodology implied waiting for social order.

Thank you for your attention ! • Juraj Furdík, Rostislav Ondruš, Dávid Murín, Daniel Furdík • furdik@fa.stuba.sk, www.fa.stuba.sk