GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Geothermal exploration survey

Satellite imagery and aerial photography. Volcanological studies. Geologic and structural mapping. Geochemical surveys. Geophysical surveys. Temperature gradient hole drilling.

Geothermal exploration

Exploration commonly begins with analysis of satellite images and aerial photographs.

Suitable places for Geothermal Power Plant

Suitable places for Geothermal Power Plant

• The suitable places for establishing Geothermal Power Plant are where there are tectonic fault lines.

Suitable places for Geothermal Power Plant

IN EGYPT

Applications of geothermal energy

1) Power planets2) Residential usage

POWER PLANT

Geothermal energy ‘s greatest potential lies in the generation of electricity by Geothermal Power Plant .

Electric & NON-Electric Power Production(MW)

USA

Indo

nesia

Italy

Icel

and

El S

alva

dor

Costa

Rica

Russia

Guate

mal

a

China

Ethi

opia

Aust

ria

Thai

land

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

NO. of Geothermal Power Stations, 2005

USA

Mex

ico

Italy

Japa

n

China

Guate

mal

a

Costa

Rica

Portu

gal

Aust

ria

Aust

ralia

Ethi

opia

Thai

land

189

57363332

1919151311 8 8 5 5 5 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1

NO. of units,2005

Geothermal Energy Production of Total National Energy Production

Icel

and

Philipp

ines

Costa

Rica

El S

alva

dor

Keny

a

New Z

eala

nd

Nicar

agua

Indo

nesia

Mex

ico

USA

Japa

n0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%30%

27%

14% 14%11% 10% 10%

4% 3%0% 0%

Percentage of national production

Comparison of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide emissions between two fossil-fueled power plants, and a geothermal power plant.

Coal Oil Geothermal

12

10

2

SO2 Emissions (lbs/MW-hr)

Coal Oil Geothermal

1800

1550

150

CO2 Emissions(lbs/MW-hr)

CO2 Emissions from electricity generation, In 2005

Coal

Oil

Natural Gas

Geothermal

955

883

599

91

CO2 Emissions(lb/kWh)

Applications of Geothermal Energy

Electricity41%

Space Heating23%

Geothermal Heat Pumps

12%

Greenhouse Heat-ing9%

Aquaculture6%

Industrial uses5% Cooling&Snow meltting

1%

others3%

Geothermal Residential usage

Geothermal Heat Pump Installation Methods

Vertical closed-loop

A pair of pipes with a special U-bend assembly at the bottom is placed into bore holes from 100 to 400 feet deep

Geothermal Heat Pump Installation Methods

Horizontal closed-loop

A piping array is installed in trenches cut 3 to 5 feet deep and hundreds of feet in length

Geothermal Heat Pump Installation Methods

Surface water closed-loop

A piping array is submerged in a pond or lake at least 8 feet deep

Geothermal Heat Pump Installation Methods

Ground water open-loop

Well water from an underground aquifer is pumped through the geothermal heat pump and then returned to the aquifer or discharged to the surface

Black Point Inn - Prouts Neck, ME

Naval Observatory, Washington DC French Laundry Rest.- Napa, CA

Galt House Hotel - Louisville, KY

Gaillardia Offices – Okla. City

Statue of Liberty Gift Shop

California University of PA

Harvard Library – Cambridge, MA Whistler Village - BC, Canada

Hirschfeld Towers – Denver, CO

ASHRAE Headquarters - Atlanta, GA

Yale Art Bld. – New Haven, CT

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