iPOWER the Future of Portable Power

Proliferation of Portable Products

We want to empower ME

Access InformationOn the Go

Move About Faster

Be Stronger

Survive LongerBe More Entertained

Powering Portability is the development of Battery Technologies

Primary BatteriesElectrochemical reaction

That supply power to devices

Secondary BatteriesRechargable Batteries that Store and supply power to devices

Phenomenal Growth

EnergyGenerator

SecondaryBattery

ApplicationPrimary Battery

Application

Key Secondary Battery Technologies

Low self-discharge rate

Highest Energy Density(High power, low weight)

Strengths of Li Ion

Relative low toxicity

Little memory effect(Hence should never Be fully discharged norOvercharged)

Source : www.batteryuniversity.com

Drivers for Intensified Green Car Movement

Increased Environmental

AwarenessRunaway Oil Price

InternalCombustionEngines (ICE)

Hybrid Cars

Plug-in Hybrid (PHEV)

Electric Vehicles (EV)

Battery toPower auxiliaries

Way Forward

Fuel the car’s movement

CurrentBattery (KWH)EV 50.0PHEV60 26.4PHEV40 20.8PHEV20 12.7HEV 1.5Source : www.nrel.gov&Tesla

Growth of Hybrid Cars - Indication of Massive Interest 2007 Hybrid Car Sales in USA

Ford4% Honda

11%

Lexus5%

Toyota77%

Nissan2%

Others1%

Hybrid Car Sales in USA

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Source : Electric Drive Transportation Association

Toyota Prius Sales Top 1 Million15 May 2008 (usnews.rankingsandreviews.com)Toyota Prius started out a decade ago as a risky experiment in green technology. Today, it's the world's first mass-produced gas-electric hybrid vehicle to hit the one million mark in sales.

Rapid Growth

$0

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

$70040 50 60 70 80 90

Capacity score on low-carbon technologies

Honda

Renault

Nissan Toyota

DaimlerChrysler

GM

Ford

BMW

VW

PSA

Have technologiesNot so strong

Good, “Cheap”& Green

Estim

ated

cos

t per

veh

icle

to

mee

t new

car

bon

cons

trai

nts

Low cost

High cost

Carbon Positioning of Leading OEMs Success in a carbon-constrained market will require moving into the top-right quadrant

– Global Competitiveness in Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards for VehiclesFeb 2005World Resource Institute

Do we have reason to celebrate? The Key Components to a

Typical Green Car

Do we have reason to celebrate? Still Very Big

“The car's 900-pound battery…includes 6,831 lithium-ion cells, each about the size of a double-A alkaline.” - For Tesla’s Electric Vehicle

“The Volt's 300-poundbattery pack will be among its most-expensive components…may cost about $10,000…show the batteries will last 10 years.”- For GM’s Hybrid Car

Energy Density will set to improve

Under the hood is an electric motor powered by a 700-pound lithium-ion battery.- For Miles XS500 EV

???

Do we have reason to celebrate? Still Pricey

New electric car is environmentally friendly, but pricey (CNN)The EV1 will sell for about $43,000 (2007 dollars), excluding the large battery charger needed…

GM Volt Cost Estimate UpApril 07, 2008The Volt came with a $30,000price tag when GM unveiled it at the North American International Auto Show last year. At this year's show, Lutztold us it could hit $40,000. Nowhe's saying it could hit $48,000…Cost will set to come down

Miles Rubin .. won't say how much it costs his company to make each Miles XS500, but experts peg the cost of the batteries at $25,000 (Forbes.com)

Tesla uses 6,871 lithium ion cells batteries. Total cost (wholesale) is around $20,000.

Do we have reason to celebrate? Still not Green

Reliance on Petroleum will set to come down

Battery (KWH)EV 50.0PHEV60 26.4PHEV40 20.8PHEV20 12.7HEV 1.5

Source : www.nrel.gov & Tesla

Most Car Emission (Tailgate CO2 g/km) Least

Conventional Cars

CNG CarsHonda CivicGX*

Hybrid CarsHonda Civic Hybrid*Toyota Prius

PHEV 100% ElectricCars

* Comparison using Honda UK data

now

Holy Grail of Green Car Movement

The Tesla Roadster, the world's first all electric car, runs on lithium ion batteries.

2008 Tesla Roadster :-100% Electric-0 to 60 mph in 3.9 sec-Top speed : 125 mph-220 miles per charge-US$100K

-53KWH Battery -3.5 hours charging (US)-100K miles battery life Source : www.teslamotors.com

The Age of Electric Cars

Tesla to build new electric sedan in Bay Area30 June 2008, San Francisco ChroniclesTesla Motors, the maker of electric-powered roadsters, announced today that it has chosen the Bay Area to build a manufacturing plant for its new model, an electric sedan that is expected to go into production in two years.But the firm instead chose California because it offered a pair of its own financial incentives: a sales tax exemption on the purchase of manufacturing equipment and grants for training its new employees, state officials said.

Sergey Brin

Larry Page

Arnold SGeorge ClooneyMatt Damon

Dean KamenJay AdelsonMichael Dell

1000 customers - many of whom have put down $100,000 - are still waiting for their Tesla Roadsters

Most Car Manufacturers Getting into the Game

Toyota to make Plug-in Hybrid by 201011 June 2008 (news.cnet.com)A joint venture between Toyota and Panasonic EV Energy plans to begin production of lithium ion batteries next year and move to full-scale production in 2010. Using the battery, Toyota plans to introduce a small electric vehicle for mass production.

Flurry of Partnerships between Car Makers & Battery Leaders

Sanyo to Mass-produce Li-ion Batteries for Plug-in Hybrids in 2011May 30, 2008 (Nikkei Electronics)Sanyo Electric Co Ltd announced May 28, 2008, that it started the development of Li-ion rechargeable batteries for use in plug-in hybrids and is planning to begin mass-production in 2011.

Japan: Investing in BatteriesMay 20, 2008 (Reuters)The Nissan Motor Company and the NEC Corporation plan a joint venture that would invest 12 billion yen ($115 million) over three years to manufacture lithium-ion batteries for use in next-generation green vehicles.

An industry charged up: Electric vehicles are poised to go mainstream - 26 May 2008 (www.ft.com)The vanguard of a green automotive revolution will roll out next spring on an unlikely set of wheels: a Mercedes luxury sedan. The marque’s S400 BlueHybrid will be the first mass-produced vehicle equipped with a lithium-ion battery, like the ones in laptops or mobile phones – but powerful enough to help propel a large luxury car.

More Green Vehicle News

Hyundai Readying Korea's First Hybrid 16 June 2008 (www.forbes.com)Amid record-high oil prices, every automaker wants to be the first to assemble a commercially feasible electric vehicle. Authorities in Seoul took a step toward that goal Monday, saying that the first South Korean hybrid electric car, developed by Hyundai Motor, will be sold in the country next year.

Mitsubishi Motors May Introduce Plug-in Hybrid Cars19 June 2008 (Bloomberg)Mitsubishi Corp, aiming to be the first mass-producer of all-electric cars, plans to introduce plug-in hybrids as early as 2013 to meet tightening vehicle- emission regulations worldwide

LG to Supply Lithium-Ion Batteries for Hyundai’s Hybrid Car 17 December, 2007 chosun.comLG is teaming up with Hyundai Motor to produce hybrid cars. LG Chem, South Korea’s largest chemical company, said Saturday that it has won an order to exclusively supply rechargeable hybrid car batteries to Hyundai Motor and its affiliate Kia Motors.

Formula for Success

Source : www.gm-volt.com

What next? Higher Energy Density Applications

Heading skyward to beat gridlock7 May 2008 BBC NewsBoeing's research group is designing a hybrid aimed at travelling up to 300 miles at a time.

"When your 100 miles per gallon car is stuck in traffic and a 100 mpg airplane whizzes overhead, you're going to be jealous.“

Brien Seeley, President of CAFE Foundationa non profit organisation that promotes personal air travel

Electric Planes

Powering Exoskeletons

“The Exoskeleton's development has been hampered by various issues, like how to develop a device that does not impede the user's normal walk and which runs on a small battery-powered pack, not fuel.”

Exoskeletons for the Soldiers of the Future Science EditorThe technology could also lead to the development of improved artificial limbs

Building the Real Iron Man 9 April 2008 www.popsci.comWhile audiences flood theaters this month to see the comic- book-inspired Iron Man, a real-life mad genius toils in a secret mountain lab to make the mechanical superhuman more than just a fantasy with the XOS Exoskeleton

Exoskeleton test pilot Rex Jameson greets XOS maker Steve Jacobsen

Power Cable Still Attached

Not just the large, but also the smaller Bio-Applications

"There is a growing interest to replace conventional batteries with thin-film batteries in applications such as RFID tags, sensors, smart cards and labels, as well as portable devices.

In the medical sector, thin-film batteries could be used for powering diagnostic devices, medical sensors and medical implants."

- Frost & Sullivan Technical Insights Research Analyst Elaine Chan.

Miniature battery makes a big differenceA new miniature battery is powering tiny, implantable devices that could help millions who suffer from a variety of neurological disorders, such as urinary-urge incontinence and stroke.

Bion for Muscular Dystrophy sufferers

Sandia researchers to model nano- size battery to be implanted in eye to power artificial retina12 Jan 2006 News ReleaseSeveral researchers from Sandia National Laboratories, led by principal investigator Susan Rempe, are part of a multi-institutional, multidisciplinary team developing a nano-size battery that one day could be implanted in the eye to power an artificial retina.

Miniaturisation - Powering New Nano Applications

Green Car is driving the development of Secondary Batteries

Are We Too Late in the game for Portable Power?

Value Chain For Lithium Secondary Batteries

Research & Development

MaterialsOptimisationApplications

Lithium Trading & Transport

Lithium Carbonate

Batteries TransportExport to be packed or

loaded onto applications

Lithium ProductionExtraction from Salt

Lakes brine to produceLithium Carbonate

Batteries Manufacturing

Chile’s Salar de Atacama

laptop . medical device . hybrid car . handphone . electronic dog . psp . ipod . electric bicycle . implants . gameboy

Most value that we

can capture

We can also catch the wave via EVs (EVs & PHEVs)

Manufacturing?

Trading?

Logistics?

Primary Research?

Testbedding?

HQ Services?Innovation?

Capitalise on our geographical location within the Asia andOur unique traits to be the leader for Green Car Movement

• One of the highest cars per capital ratio in this region• High turnover rate for cars • Highest cost of cars in the world • Green conscious population• Small country

• Strong Government commitment to green• Strong R&D sector• Good base of electronics industry

More EV & PHEV Infrastructure Set Up

GM allies with U.S. utility group on electric cars Jul 23, 2008 ReutersLA - General Motors Corp said it is collaborating with the Electric Power Research Institute, an organization representing U.S. utilities, to ready the nation's electric infrastructure for the widespread sale of plug-in electric cars.

PGE reveals electric charging stationsJuly 29, 2008 www.bizjournals.comPortland General Electric unveiled the first of a dozen new electric charging stations for what it expects will be a future onslaught of plug-in hybrid autos.

"The filling stations of the future,"

Plug & PlayThe city of San Jose, Calif., will be the first to test electric-car charging stations from start-up Coulomb Technologies

Imagine : Half of Singapore Car Population being EVs

Can this also contribute to national energy optimization?

A Few Years Down the Road

EV Batteries as regulator of Power GridThe Concept of Vehicle to Grid

When the car batteries needs power, electricity can be drawn from grid to charge the battery.

Excess power can also be sold to the electrical power grid by an electric-drive motor vehicle

• Most vehicles are parked an average of 95 percent of the time

• Capacity of Electric Car Battery 50 KWH – enough capacity to power 3 Spore households daily needs(based on 06/07 ave household monthly use of 500KWH)

10-50 KWH/car

A123 Systems plugs lithium-ion batteries into power gridJune 24, 2008 (news.cnet.com)A123 Systems has signed on electricity utilities to use its lithium-ion batteries for short-term energy storage, according to a company executive. Utilities need power for short periods of time--it could be as short as several seconds--to ensure that the power supply matches the demand.

Power to the People: Run Your House on a PriusSeptember 2, 2007 , NYTimesThis form of vehicle-to-grid technology, often called V2G, … in which fleets of cars, recharged at night when demand is lower, can relieve the grid and help avert serious blackouts.

V2G TrialsPG&E teams with GOOGLE to demonstrate Vehicle-to-Grid Technology at the company’s Mountain View Campus 19 June 2007

To date, PG&E has interconnected more than 16,000 solar customers who generate more than 100 MWs of solar energy

Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) has teamed with Google to demonstrate Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology at the search leader's Mountain View campus as part of the company's philanthropic initiative to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global warming.

A123Systems CEO David Vieau with a plug fed by rooftop solar for one of the RechargeIT cars

Google's Sergey Brin plugs in the car to start the V2G demonstration

Plug Into Car

Solar Power Plug

Thank you futuresgroup.wordpress.com