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Fuel Right and Microbially Influenced Corrosion MIC
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Fuel Right (Canada) Limited
How Fuel Right® dissolves and prevents the formation of sludge, fuel system
fouling and its affect on MIC and your fuel system
Background
Established in mid 90’s
Bob Tatnall (founder)
35 years at DuPont
Research Engineer
Primary field corrosion coatings and MIC
18 years of research and development
Mission
Develop a solution to eliminate sludge in diesel fuel and prevent its reoccurrence
Base of Research
Understand how biofilms develop in #2 distillates
Seek out the “achilles heel”
Determine an economical solution
What is “Sludge”?
Aerobic bacteria
Interface with water
Anaerobic bacteria
Produce organic acid
Facultative anaerobes
Facilitate formation of anaerobic bacteria
Thrive in both aerobic and anaerobic environments
What does biofilm (sludge) look like?
Biofilm can be Transparent
Filters appear similar
Far left is plugged
Second is partially plugged
Third is partially plugged
Fourth is operating fine
Each filter weighs less as you go from left to right (biofilm increases weight of filter)
Results of progressive treatment of Fuel Right over 4 fuel bulk treatments – filters progressively cleaner
1 2 3 4
Filters removed from a boiler system
Biofilm on furnace nozzles
Nozzle strainer is fouled with biofilm
Nozzle in container is soaking in Fuel Right
Removed from rural church furnace
What does biofilm (sludge) look like?
Tank Sludge Filter Canister
What does sludge (biofilm) look like?
Filter Canister Leak Detection Equipment
Presence of “Sludge”
Reduces oxidative stability
Increases peroxide number
Reduces anti-oxidant effectiveness
Reduces corrosion inhibitor effectiveness
Storage systems prone to MIC
Microbially influenced corrosion
What is Fuel Right?
• Combination of powerful amine chemistries
• Alkaline chemistry
• Derived from water treatment industry
• Unique properties
How does it work?
• Biofilms are held together by exopolysaccharides “glue”
• Resistant to biocides
• Fuel Right “melts” the glue
• Re-dispersed back into fuel microscopically
Other Properties
• Dissolve gums
• Filming amine corrosion barrier
• Electrical Insulator (impedence)
• Water proof
• Natural Surfactant
• Alkaline (Stabilizer)
• Improves Lubricity
MIC
Microbial influenced corrosion refers to the influence of microorganisms on the kinetics of the corrosion of metals, caused by microorganisms adhering to the interfaces (usually called “biofilms”). Prerequisites for MIC are the presence of microorganisms. If corrosion is influenced by their activity, further requirements are: (I) an energy source (II) a carbon source (III) an electron donor (IV) and electron acceptor and (V) water.
MIC Process
Requires key elements
1. The existence of bacteria Naturally present in fuel
2. The presence of water / oxygen Present in fuel - typically delivered by fuel delivery company
Condensation / leaking / openings
3. A surface to attach to (biofilm) Tank walls
Tank linings (holidays)
Contaminants (oxides, salts etc.)
Types of Organisms Present in Biofilm
Variety of bacteria present Aerobic – such as slime forming bacteria
Anaerobic – produce organic acids
Fungi – produce organic acids
Some have the ability to substitute oxygen with oxidisable compounds
ie: Iron (Fe), Manganese, Sulfur
Anodic Sites – Pitting Corrosion
pH of “sludge” is acidic pH value varies across biofilm
Steel surface sacrifices electrons (becomes sacrificial anode)
Accelerated corrosion process (pitting) occurs in localized areas
Rate is dependent on biofilm colony
MIC Examples
Heating Oil Tank Underground Storage
MIC Affects Fuel Pumps
How to STOP SLUDGE and MIC?
Eliminate bacteria? Biocides can kill bacteria but do not dissolve sludge
Biofilm (sludge) and biocides? Extremely resistant to attack, biocides are ineffective
Can not be “washed” from the surface Only sandblasting to near white metal finish will rid of existing bacteria
Water/Oxygen Control water but source is external
Steel Protective Coatings
Industrial coatings
Filming Amines
Coatings are prone to MIC
Fuel Right Technology
FUEL RIGHT® - stand alone technology Proprietary formulation of filming amine technology
NOT a conventional diesel fuel additive
NOT a biocide
Release biofilm from steel surface and protect surface with filming amines
Existing sludge is dissolved by Fuel Right
Proven over 18 years of field experience
What are Filming Amines?
Form a protective coating Waterproof barrier
Inhibit corrosion
Isolative (electrical impedence)
Penetrate the biofilm Impeding the growth and displace existing biofilms
Dissolving the sludge back into a microscopic form to be dispersed safely into fuel and burned off.
Clean and control downstream deposits in the fuel system Fuel injectors
Intake valves
Fuel pump
Filters
How do they work?
Fuel Right filming amines replace the conditioning film
Sludge is dissolved by “melting” the exopolysaccharide
Microscopic particles are safely released back into fuel
Filming Amine Water proof
Corrosion proof
Exo Poly-Saccharide “Glue”
Dissolved by Fuel Right
“melting ice”
Becomes part of fuel
Harmlessly burned off
Dark microscopic particles released into fuel
“Dark” Microscopic Particles
Degraded fuel
Result of bacteria converting it to food
Not from instability
Released into fuel
Sub-microscopic
Fuel Right prevents them from sticking to and fouling surfaces
Harmlessly burned off as fuel
Protected System
Fuel Right coats all surfaces
Alkaline pH
Helps to neutralize acidic components (stabilizing)
Hydroperoxides
Prevents further formation of biofilms
Jar Test
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Diesel Fuel
Water
Biofilm able to form
Sludge growth
Sludge Acidic pH
Jar Test “After”
Fuel Right treatment 18 month cycle
Filming amines coat jar
Biofilm unable to form
Existing sludge dissolves
Water remains
Example Report
Metrics
Steel coupon Evaluated for appearance
Strainer Remaining sludge
Corrosion Pitting, oxidation
Fuel Right and Fuel Filters
Clean Fuel = less strain on fuel filter
Filming amines also coat filter cartridge and all other fuel system surfaces (fuel lines, pumps etc.)
Extend filter life 2-3x
Eliminate filter plugging due to sludge
Fuel Right Results!
Corrosion Test
Fuel Right & Diesel Engines
Coats complete fuel system
Protects injectors against fouling
Ensures optimal atomization
Optimal ignition
Impacts fuel economy Keeping system clean ensures optimal fuel performance
Filming amines have a natural detergency affect
Implications
Higher tier engines have strict tolerances
Fuel quality is critical – especially in emergency supply situations where fuel is stored long-term
Fuel additives modify fuel properties (lubricity, cold flow pour point, cetane boost, anti-waxing & gelling) but do not “clean” the system
Filming amine technology protects the system from biofilm attack
Smaller micron filters are more prone to biofilm clogging
Fuel Right filming amines dissolve the biofilm – clean fuel
Overall better fuel system performance
How do we Compare?
How do we Compare?
How do we Compare?
How do we Compare?
How do we Compare?
Fuel Right vs Fuel Additives
Key differentiator Filming amine technology
perfected over the past 18 years
30K CFI Treatment 1:30,000
High flash point > 112°C (235°F)
Offers complete protection Prevent MIC
Mitigation and legal costs
Protect fuel assets Improve long-term storage
Eliminate / reduce tank cleaning services
Performance Improves engine performance
Lubricity
Applications Long-term fuel storage
Refineries / wholesale storage
Emergency generators
Home heating oil
Marine
Prone to fuel fouling with water environment
Heavy Equipment / Trucking / Rail Clean fuel systems extend benefits
Fewer unscheduled breakdowns
Extended filter life
Reduced exhaust stack smoke
Optimal fuel economy
Reduced system wear