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From essence to assetsMaking sense of an audiovisual archiveBrecht Declercq – Interfaces Project Workshop – Athens, Onassis Cultural Centre – 05.11.2016
10.15 START12.15 BREAK
12.25 BEN14.00 LUNCH
1. WHAT IS THE ROLE OF A DIGITAL AUDIOVISUAL ARCHIVE TODAY?
1. WHAT IS THE ROLE OF A DIGITAL AUDIOVISUAL ARCHIVE TODAY?
Merely an illustration of history?
A proof of legitimacy?
A second hand product?
A source of inspiration?
Fertile grounds for new creations?
2. THE ARCHIVEREVISITED
The living archive paradigm *ARCHIVE
ProfessionalsCreator-centeredQualityGate-keepingTaxonomyContextualisationInterpretationHeritageRead-only memory
DYNARCHIVE
Crowd / usersUser-centeredPopularityParticipationFolksonomyAppropriationConsumptionNostalgiaWrite-also memory
* Courtesy Pelle Snickars, Umea University
Smart, open, connected *
* Courtesy J. Oomen, Nederlands Instituut voor Beeld en Geluid
open
Open licensesOpen standardsOpen source software
smart
External developmentMicro servicesAutomated metadata
connected
Linked to otherdata sources, collectionsand new target groups
nice theory but...
practical & legal restrictions
Quick wins *Open:• Use open licenses for re-use• Prefer increased engagement over brand & volume control
Smart:• Collaborate with a computer science university • Where can you use open source technology?• Only outsource what you understand
Connected:• Go where your users are: syndication• Be convenient to digital – online – mobile use• Forge partnerships: content creators, scholars
* Courtesy J. Oomen, Nederlands Instituut voor Beeld en Geluid
3. FROM VALUETO IMPACT
what is ...
the valueof an audiovisual archive?
T. Golodnoff & M. Lerkenfeld Smith
use =
value
Prof. S. Tanner, King’s College
value=
impact
value use impact= =in a public audiovisual archive
the return on investmentis the return on society as a whole
Which effects do GLAMs & broadcasters have?
engagementenjoymentnew experiencesencouraging creativityself confidencechanges in attitudeunderstandingstrengthening communities...
Choose your target groups
Decisive factors in choosing target groups
size of the group?intensivity of the impact?duration of the impact?frequency of the use?... ?
Target group strategy
get keep
use
Common target groups of AVarchives
obvious target groupseducation
onderwijs.hetarchief.be
obvious target groupsmediaprofessionals
inamediapro.fr
obvious target groupscreativeindustry
revivethis.org
obvious target groupsscience &academia
Larm.fm
obvious target groupsgeneralpublic
rte.ie/archives
* less obvious target groups refugees
nedbox.be
nhk.or.jp/archives/kaisou
* less obvious target groups dementiapatients
* less obvious target groups tourists
erfgoedinbeeld.nl
4. HOW DO YOU BRING THISINTO PRACTICE?
content
essence metadataTechnical
Descriptive
Administrative
content = essence + metadata
Digitisation & digital preservation
Digitisation: why? (1)
Picture top left: The Great Bear Analogue & Digital Media
Digitisation: why? (2)
courtesy Chris Lacinak, AVPreserve
Digitisation: urgency
8 digitization projects Ca. 357.600 AV carriers Ca. 270.000 pages 18 carrier types 95+ content partners 8 digi’n service providers
Digitisation projects at VIAA
1. PROJECT DEFINITION2. PROJECT
PLAN
4. REGISTRATION
3. TENDERING
5. DETAILING
6. TEST PHASE
7. PILOT PHASE
9. EVALUATION
8. PRODUCTION PHASE
Typical digitisation project timeline
Digitisation: workflow
Digitisation: specifications
Digitisation: output formats & codecs
Digitisation: checks at ingest
Media asset management systems
Digital preservation
“a formal endeavor to ensure
that digital information of continuing value
remains accessible and usable.”
Digital preservation: definition
Ensure access to and use of authentic reformated and born digital content, regardless of media failure and changes in technology.
Emanates in:• Policies• Strategies• Actions
Digital preservation: in practice Appraisal:
o File format and codec sustainabilityo Characterisation
File identification:o Unique referencingo File naming protocolso Connection to external metadata
Integrityo Recorded as intendedo Staying the same (sustainable)
Fixityo Unaltered information
Sustainabilityo Codecs and containers: preservation watcho Physical media obsolescence
Digital preservation: OAIS
content
essence metadataTechnical
Descriptive
Administrative
content = essence + metadata
A theoretical frameworkfor developing strategies
for the creation and useof (descriptive) metadata
Metadata: the Hourglass Model
Linked dataUser generated metadata
Automatically extracted metadata
Preservation metadata
Descriptive metadata
etc ...
Production metadata?Linked metadata
CREATIONLEVEL
PROCESSINGLEVEL
PURPOSELEVEL
CREATIONLEVEL
PROCESSINGLEVEL
PURPOSELEVEL
USERGENERATEDMETADATA
AUTOMATICALLYGENERATEDMETADATA
PRODUCTION METADATA
FULLMANUAL
METADATA
PRESERVATION &COLLECTION
MANAGEMENT
ENHANCEMENT&
CONTEXTUALISATION
SEARCH &
RETRIEVAL
CREATIONLEVEL
PROCESSINGLEVEL
PURPOSELEVEL
USERGENERATEDMETADATA
AUTOMATICALLYGENERATEDMETADATA
PRODUCTION METADATA
FULLMANUAL
METADATA
PRESERVATION &COLLECTION
MANAGEMENT
ENHANCEMENT&
CONTEXTUALISATION
SEARCH &
RETRIEVAL
CREATIONLEVEL
PROCESSINGLEVEL
PURPOSELEVEL
USERGENERATEDMETADATA
AUTOMATICALLYGENERATEDMETADATA
PRODUCTION METADATA
FULLMANUAL
METADATA
PRESERVATION &COLLECTION
MANAGEMENT
ENHANCEMENT&
CONTEXTUALISATION
SEARCH &
RETRIEVAL
CREATIONLEVEL
PROCESSINGLEVEL
PURPOSELEVEL
USERGENERATEDMETADATA
AUTOMATICALLYGENERATEDMETADATA
PRODUCTION METADATA
FULLMANUAL
METADATA
PRESERVATION &COLLECTION
MANAGEMENT
ENHANCEMENT&
CONTEXTUALISATION
SEARCH &
RETRIEVAL
Recent developments: Further integration with production systems New approaches: e.g. scan & OCR tape boxes
(1) Metadata from production
- collaboration of producers often needed! almost only for contemporaryborn digital content
+ cheap high quality quick high level of detail
(1) Metadata from production
Recent developments: Diversification: from low tech to high tech New approaches: consumer generated metadata
from ‘conscious’ to ‘unconscious’ metadata
(2) User generated metadata
ARCHIVEBROADCAST
TARGET GROUP
EDUCATION
TARGET GROUP
RESEARCH
TARGET GROUP
GENERALAUDIENCE
MEDIA VALUE CHAIN: METADATA FLOWFROM USER GENERATED METADATA TO CONSUMER GENERATED METADATA
FIRST PURPOSE RE-PURPOSEARCHIVE
BROADCASTER BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE ARCHIVE BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE
- reliability? IPR issues labour intensity - net gains? subjective sustainable?
+ very cheap high quality public involvement with your collection!
(2) User generated metadata
Recent developments: Ever more cases in daily practice
(3) Automatically extracted metadata
Recent developments: New approaches: SaaS
(3) Automatically extracted metadata
- high tech quality? interface? system architecture integration?
+ cheap quick high level of detail objective
(3) Automatically extracted metadata
New strategies for metadata in AVarchives
CREATIONLEVEL
PROCESSINGLEVEL
PURPOSELEVEL
FULLMANUAL
METADATA
PRESERVATION &COLLECTION
MANAGEMENT
SEARCH &
RETRIEVAL
MAM Evolutions: starting point
CREATIONLEVEL
PROCESSINGLEVEL
PURPOSELEVEL
FULLMANUAL
METADATA
PRESERVATION &COLLECTION
MANAGEMENT
SEARCH &
RETRIEVAL
PRODUCTION METADATA
MAM Evolutions: 1st generation MAMs
ENHANCEMENT&
CONTEXTUALISATION
PRODUCTION METADATA
USERGENERATEDMETADATA
AUTOMATICALLYGENERATEDMETADATA
CREATIONLEVEL
PROCESSINGLEVEL
PURPOSELEVEL
FULLMANUAL
METADATA
PRESERVATION &COLLECTION
MANAGEMENT
SEARCH &
RETRIEVAL
Future MAM Evolutions
Institutionally: new relations with the world outside Organisationally: new roles, structures, competencies Technically: new systems, new architectures
organisationalinstitutionalTechnical
Implementing a metadata strategy
Institutional
MORE OPENNESS AT THE INPUT, E.G. USER AS METADATA CREATOR
MORE OPENNESS AT OUTPUT: E.G. LINKING COLLECTIONS, (OPEN) API’S
Organisational
NEW TECHNICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL POSSIBILITIES
NEW USERS / TARGET GROUPSNEW NEEDS / DEMANDS
DECI
SIO
N M
AKIN
G
PRO
CESS
MAN
AGEM
ENT
QUA
LITY
CHE
CKIN
G
RECO
GNIZ
E &
CO
NN
ECT
MET
ADAT
A M
ANAG
ER
Technical
MAMs AND ESB’S ARE NOT DEAD
SOLID STANDARDS, FLEXIBLE CONNECTIONS
GRADUAL SYSTEM ADAPTATIONS
RAPIDLY EVOLVING TECHNOLOGY
EVER MORE EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
Technical
(c)
content
essence metadataTechnical
Descriptive
Administrative
from content to asset
“the essence, the metadata and the right to use them”
