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Force, Motion and EnergyForce, Motion and Energy
How do things move?How do things move? AboveAbove BelowBelow AheadAhead BehindBehind UpUp DownDown HorizontallyHorizontally VerticallyVertically Right Right LeftLeft
How do we know something has How do we know something has moved?moved?
By looking at the things By looking at the things that are not moving that are not moving around it. around it.
FRAME OF FRAME OF REFERENCE REFERENCE
SpeedSpeed What is speed? What is speed? How fast an object is How fast an object is
moving.moving. Measure of distance.Measure of distance.
SpeedSpeed How do I calculate How do I calculate
speed? speed?
DISTANCE / TIMEDISTANCE / TIME
Ex:10ft/ 3 seconds=3.1 ft/secEx:10ft/ 3 seconds=3.1 ft/sec
ForceForce
WHAT IS FORCEWHAT IS FORCE ??Any Any pushpush or or pullpull that that
causes an object to causes an object to move, move, stopstop or change or change speedspeed or or directiondirection. .
ForceForce The greater the force, The greater the force,
the greater the the greater the change in motion. change in motion.
The bigger an object The bigger an object is, the less effect a is, the less effect a force will have on it.force will have on it.
The smaller an object The smaller an object is, the more effect a is, the more effect a force will have on it.force will have on it.
InertiaInertia
InertiaInertia keeps an keeps an object still or keeps it object still or keeps it moving. moving.
A moving object will A moving object will keep moving until keep moving until something stops itsomething stops it..
An object that is not An object that is not moving will not move moving will not move until until something something moves itmoves it. .
FrictionFriction
WHAT IS FRICTION?WHAT IS FRICTION? The force that works The force that works
against motion.against motion. Friction causes heat. Friction causes heat.
WorkWork WHAT IS WORK?WHAT IS WORK? Work is done when a Work is done when a
force is used to force is used to MOVEMOVE an object a an object a certain distance.certain distance.
EnergyEnergy WHAT IS ENERGY?WHAT IS ENERGY?
Energy is the ability to do work.Energy is the ability to do work.
EnergyEnergy Two types of energy:Two types of energy: Kinetic Kinetic PotentialPotential
EnergyEnergy
Kinetic-moving Kinetic-moving energy (energy of energy (energy of motion)motion)
EnergyEnergy Potential- stored Potential- stored
energy (energy energy (energy waiting to be used)waiting to be used)
Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Chemical EnergyChemical Energy Ex: Ex: storedstored energy in energy in
food and fuel.food and fuel.
Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Electrical EnergyElectrical Energy Ex: batteries, electric Ex: batteries, electric
in homesin homes
Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Light energyLight energy Ex: sun and lasersEx: sun and lasers
Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Mechanical EnergyMechanical Energy Ex: wind, water Ex: wind, water
falling over a water falling over a water fall, soundfall, sound
Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Thermal EnergyThermal Energy Ex: stove, heaters, Ex: stove, heaters,
matchesmatches
Forms of EnergyForms of Energy Nuclear EnergyNuclear Energy Ex: SunEx: Sun
Forms of EnergyForms of Energy CAN ENERGY CAN ENERGY
CHANGE FORM? CHANGE FORM? YES! YES!
Ex: The fuel in a Ex: The fuel in a rocket changes from rocket changes from chemical energy to chemical energy to mechanical energy mechanical energy when the fuel burns when the fuel burns
Simple MachinesSimple Machines LeversLevers PulleyPulley Wheel and AxelWheel and Axel Inclined PlaneInclined Plane Wedge and ScrewWedge and Screw GearsGears
Simple MachinesSimple Machines LeversLevers
Two parts:Two parts: FulcrumFulcrum BarBar
Simple MachinesSimple Machines PulleyPulley Two kinds: Two kinds:
FixedFixedMoveableMoveable
Simple MachinesSimple Machines Wheel and AxelWheel and Axel Two parts:Two parts: wheel wheel barbar
Simple MachinesSimple Machines Inclined PlaneInclined PlaneA flat, slanted surfaceA flat, slanted surface
Simple MachinesSimple Machines Wedges and ScrewsWedges and Screws change change downward downward
force into force into sidewayssideways forceforce
Simple MachinesSimple Machines GearsGears
Wheels with teethWheels with teeth
Compound MachinesCompound Machines
WHAT IS A WHAT IS A COMPOUND COMPOUND MACHINE?MACHINE?
A machine made up of A machine made up of two or more simple two or more simple machines.machines.