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Is that REALLY the story?
A study of how witness testimony is affected, altered,
and distorted through law enforcement bias.
Krysta HowellMrs. Kiehl
Professor Dale Nute & Mrs. Debra Palmer
Compare your answers with a neighbor
Is there a difference in answers because of how the questions were phrased?
Think about it.
Survey
immediate memory
short-term memory
Long-term memory Mental
slips and blank-outs happen to everyone
Short term and Long Term Memory
Techniques used during questioning
Three most common
Witness’ words
Filling in gaps
Telling it backwards
Beginning the interview with the witness' words
•open ended questions
•unbiased
•smell, taste, distance, and weather
•memory of distance and depth perception
Filling in the gaps
witnesses may remember something they left out or had not remembered before Tend to think linearly
Telling the scenario backwards
Electronic Devices
Electronic and recording devices, like videotaping
Less distractions
Too expensive Witness cooperation
Misconceptions about recording devices
Two ways:Live lineupPhoto spread
Two common types of techniques: simultaneous and sequential
Eyewitness Identification
•All presented to the witness at the same time•Caused debate: relative judgment
Simultaneous Eyewitness Identification
Sequential Eyewitness Identification
•presented to the witness one at a time •seen as more effective•Absolute judgment
Comparing
• likely to cause a "false alarm" – fillers
• less false identification compared to the traditional methods
• This avoids influencing the witness
Double-blind
False Identification• Testimony’s
weight on jury
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