EV charging station Circarlife Product Introduction

Intelligent EV Intelligent EV Charging SolutionsCharging Solutions

AGENDA

Part1: Electric Mobility

- State of the art

- Electrical networks impact

- Regulations

Part2: Market

- Market segmentation

- Where to install

- Circontrol solutions

- Installation examples

Part 1: Electric mobility

State of the artState of the art

State of the artElectric vehicle History

Electric vehicles is not a new idea

1884 1930 1996

But it has not been a successful idea on all the old attempts

Reasons: Many and different in each try

State of the artJustification of electric mobility

This idea is becoming reality today for a confluence of several reasons

Environment awareness

CO2 Emissions Other contaminant particles


Regulations

Each Country will see new and different regulations to promote EV’s in the country. For example:

•EURO 6: Will be valid in 2014 and reduces in Europe the maximum allowed amount of contaminants a vehicle can emit near to 50% of actual allowed contaminants

• Special valley tariff : Cheap electrical tariff from 1a.m. to 7a.m. (Spain)

• Allowed reselling of energy : Reselling energy will become legal (Spain) (load managers)

•…


Economy

• Electrical car is more energy efficient

• Electricity needed for km is much cheaper than petrol• Electricity needed for km is much cheaper than petrol

• Maintenance is cheaper in an electric car

Source: On the road 2035 (MIT)


Energy Independence

• Each country have their own energy sources , only few have petrol but all can have renewable energies.

• Any energy source can be converted to electricity

• More than 30% of the energy spent on many countries is dedicated to transport

• Price of electricity don’t have high variationsand can be controlled


Need of Change: Peak Oil

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy and the IEA’s World Energy Outlook 2009

All main manufacturers will launch plugin models bef ore 2014

State of the artInvolvement of car manufacturers

Price

State of the artBatteries (A Key Factor)

Weight Lifetime

Fuente: USA Department Of Energy (2010)

Hybrid car Electric car Rechargeable hybrid car

Electric car with recharge generator

State of the artMarket segmentation of EV’s

Time: TodaySegment: Mid-High

Time: 2010Segm: Low-Compact

Time: 2010Segment: Mid_High

Time: 2010Segm: Low-Compact

Commercialization: ActualCommercialization: Actual

MediumMedium--High SegmentHigh Segment

Commercialization: Commercialization: ActualActual

LowLow--Compact SegmentCompact Segment

Commercialization: Commercialization: 20112011

LowLow--Compact SegmentCompact SegmentMediumMedium--High SegmentHigh Segment

Commercialization: Commercialization: 20112011


Electrical Networks ImpactElectrical Networks Impact

• Electrical Vehicle needs to be connected to the gri d

• Electric car impact in the present electric country grid (i.e. Spain)

Total installed Power ~ 90 GW

Yearly Revenue ~ 263 TWh

Electrical Networks ImpactFirst calculations

In terms of annual demand a progressive adaptation of EV is possible without many problems

• Possible number of loaded cars

If we suppose 1Million of EV in Spain

1 million of EV represents ~+1% of annual demand

Actual system can support this number of cars, but not in any situation

To prevent collapse at the electric grid it is necessary:

“ SMART GRIDS ”

WHEN recharging is to be done?On peak hours (immediately) or valley hours (saving)

HOW LONG each recharging takes to be done?Recharging duration: slow (3.3kW) or fast (40kW)

Electrical Networks ImpactHow to do

Recharging duration: slow (3.3kW) or fast (40kW)

On which CONDITIONS?Random, simultaneous or with an intelligent management

Example: Spain

Power Profile for 2,7 million EV (10% of actual park)Recharging time 30 min of 100 % of EV from 19h to 22h

Working day profileElectric Vehicles Recharging time?

Electrical Networks ImpactProfile examples

Electric Vehicles Recharging time?Peak or Valley?

ExampleRecharging time 30 min when back home

Without intelligent management – COLLAPSE SITUATION

Working day profileElectric Vehicles

Recharging time?Peak or Valley?

Example: Spain

Power Profile for 2,7 million EVRecharging time 8h simultaneously

Electrical Networks ImpactProfile examples

ExampleRecharging in valleyat home in 8 hours

With intelligent management – IDEAL SITUATION for va lley

Electric vehicles, as many other electrical devices, produces somedisturbances like harmonics or neutral current problems into theelectrical networks.

Is necessary to meter and filter this disturbances when a certainlevel is exceeded, if we don’t do it, electrical devices in the samenetwork can be easily damaged.

Electrical Networks ImpactDisturbances

network can be easily damaged.

The situation to Recharge Electric Vehicles meets t he following rules:

• Large Recharging times (between 4 and 8 hours) are needed

• Grid capacity is overloaded if recharging simultaneously and without control

Electrical Networks ImpactMain conclusions

Taking in account above rules we get:

• Smart Grids are needed for matching perfect coordination vehicle-grid

• Recharging in valley time (Between 00 h and 8 h).

• Necessary to manage and monitor car recharging.

• Disturbances have to be metered and filtered after a certain level


RegulationsRegulations

Charging modes IEC 61851Electric vehicle conductive charging system

MODE 1

• Slow Charge (AC)

• Standard socket-outlet, not specific for EVs

• Installation has to be protected with RCD and overcurrent protections


MODE 2

• Slow Charge (AC)

• Standard socket-outlet, not specific for EVs on installation side

• Special cable with in-cable control box with integrated RCD and control pilot functions


MODE 3

• Slow or fast charge (Single or three phase up to 63A) (AC)

• Direct connection from electric vehicle to AC supply with specific plug

• Protections included on the infrastructure specially for the EV


Security issues introduced by MODE 3

• Ensures proper grounding of the vehicle

• Ensures power disconnection before physical disconnection of the connector

• Ensures cable don’t exceed the maximum permissible current

• Allows control of the demand , charger can ask to the vehicle to reduce the • Allows control of the demand , charger can ask to the vehicle to reduce the demanded power

• Optionally the connector can be blocked

• Informs about vehicle need of ventilation


MODE 4

• Quick charge (DC)

• Indirect connection of the EV to AC supply using an off-board charger

• Protections and control installed on the infrastructure

Charging connectors IEC 62196-2Industrial Plugs and Socket-Outlets for EVs

Type 1

• Main manufacturer Yazaki from Japan

• Actually the most extended connector in cars

• SAE regulation J1772

• 5 pins (L1, L2/N, PE, CP, CS) *• 5 pins (L1, L2/N, PE, CP, CS) *

• Max 230Vac 32A single phase (7,3kW)

* L1 (mains 1), L2 (mains 2) / N (Neutral), PE (ground), CP (control pilot), CS (Connection switch)


Type 2

• Main manufacturer Mennekes from Germany

• Actually the most extended connector for mode 3 in european countries

• 7 pins (L1, L2, L3, N, PE, CP, PP) *

• Max 400Vac 63A three phase (43kW)• Max 400Vac 63A three phase (43kW)

* L1 (mains 1), L2 (mains 2), L3 (mains 3), N (Neutral), PE (ground), CP (control pilot), PP (Proximity)


Type 3

• Main manufacturer SCAME from Italy

• Connector promoted by EV-Plug alliance

• Any country has adopted it actually

• 7 pins (L1, L2, L3, N, PE, CP, PP) *• 7 pins (L1, L2, L3, N, PE, CP, PP) *

• Max 400Vac 32A three phase (21kW)

* L1 (mains 1), L2 (mains 2), L3 (mains 3), N (Neutral), PE (ground), CP (control pilot), PP (Proximity)

Charging connectors CHAdeMO

Type CHAdeMO

• Main manufacturer Yazaki from Japan

• Promoted by CHAdeMO association (created by TEPCO)

• Max 500Vdc 120A (50kW)

Part 2: Market

Market Segmentation &Market Segmentation &

Business Models

Market Segmentation & Business modelsInstallations done until today

Sales distribution 2010

Where is the Cheese today?

Total installed base until today is more than 2300 charging points

On Street PolesParkingsFleetsOthers

Market Segmentation & Business modelsEnd user segmentation today

Civil Service

On Street

Services

Public Centres

Shopping Centres

Thematic Train

Residential

Neighbours

Single-FamilyHouse

11 33

Hotels

Services Fleet

Car Parks

Thematic Centres

Car ParkChains

Train Stations

Airports

NeighboursCo-ownership

Car Rental Companies

Car Sharing Herzt, Avis, ..

Companies

Chains of car distribution, SAT,Sales agents, distribution fleets ,

Private employee cars, …

22

Market Segmentation & Business modelsEnd user segmentation tomorrow

Civil Service

On Street

Services

Public Centres

Shopping Centres

Thematic Train

Residential

Neighbours

Single-FamilyHouse

112244

Services Fleet

Car Parks

Centres

Car ParkChains

Train Stations

Airports

NeighboursCo-ownership

Car Rental Companies

Car Sharing Herzt, Avis, ..

Companies

Chains of car distribution, SAT,Sales agents, distribution vehicles,

Private employee cars , …

33

Market Segmentation & Business modelsBusiness models

The Big QuestionDefining Business models for

EV charging

• New business models have to be defined, and lot of companies are • New business models have to be defined, and lot of companies are defining it

• In each country according also to country regulations will appear new business models

• Examples:- One entity from government controls users and network , any company can buy charging stations join the network and resell this service at any price (Portugal)- Anyone can be a reseller of energy for EVs and define his own business model (Spain)

Part 2: Market

Places, Solutions & InstallationsPlaces, Solutions & Installations

Places, Solutions & InstallationsResidential (Single dwelling)

• Private individual home parking

• Single phase 230Vac

• 6 to 8 hours charging time

• Most used at night time• Most used at night time

Standard Solution

• Small strong painted steel box

• Energy monitoring (total & partial display)

• Included protections (RCD & MCB)

Places, Solutions & InstallationsNeighborhood parking (Multi dwelling)

• Private parking on a neighborhood


• 6 to 8 hours charging time

• Most used at night time• Most used at night time

Standard Solutions

• Small strong painted steel box

• Energy monitoring

• Included RFID reader foridentification & payment

• Mode 1 & 3 versions available

Places, Solutions & InstallationsParking along streets

• Public parking along streets

• Single phase 230Vac & three phase 400Vac

• Typical charging time limited to 2 hours

• Usage at all times• Usage at all times

Standard Solutions

• Strong stainless steel pole

• Energy monitoring & protections



• Data logging & Communications


Example

Andorra Country

• 22 Charging points installed on street across the country• Prepayment with RFID cards


Example

Formentera Island

• 28 Charging points installed on street across the island• Prepayment with RFID, datta loggin and IP communications


Example

Barcelona City

• 80 Charging points installed on street across the city• Prepayment with RFID, data login and real time communications through GPRS

Places, Solutions & InstallationsParking for two wheel vehicles

• Public parking along streets


• Typical charging time limited to 2 hours


Standard Solutions

• Strong aluminum & stainless steel

• Energy monitoring & protections



• Multiple outlets

Places, Solutions & InstallationsPublic parkings & Workplace

• Multi-user public parkings & Workplace


• Unlimited charging


Standard Solutions

• Strong steel units

• Energy monitoring

• RFID for identification & payment


• Integration options

Places, Solutions & InstallationsFleets of vehicles

Configuration example

RSRS--485485

……

Monitoring

RSRS--485485

……

..

..

..

IP Network

Integration

• Pay Stations• Scada systems

• Others

Places, Solutions & InstallationsPublic parkings & Workplace

Example

Serrano 140

solution.

Public Parkings like Serrano (Madrid) 140 charging points, Iberdrola building (Bilbao) 120 charging points, and many others, actually more than 30 parkings working with this solution.


• Fleets of vehicles on private parkings

• Single phase 230Vac & three phase 400Vac

• Unlimited charging times


Standard Solutions

• Intelligent CDU unit & Software

• Usage with any model of charging station

• Energy monitoring, identification, reports , …


• Data logging, Communications & Integrationoptions


Configuration example

IP Network +

…(n devices)RS

-485

RS-485

Network +

=

CDU TCP


Example

Barcelona Cleaning services fleet

• 78 Charging points installed inside private parking• Data login , Real time communications, Power demand control, Harmonic distortion filtering, …

Places, Solutions & InstallationsQuick charging

• For adapted gas stations, support units for fleets andchains of car distributors

• 500Vdc and 120A (50kW) (CHAdeMO protocol)

• Typical charging time limited to less than 30 minutes

• Usage at all times (support system )

Standard Solutions

• Power module cabinet & user station splitted

• Energy monitoring & protection

• Included RFID reader foridentification & payment as option

• Versions of 1 or 2 outlets

• Data loggin & Communications

Conclusions

• Electric Vehicles are a reality and soon will be a necessity

• The big market growth will be exponential

• Infrastructures need to be installed before major carmanufacturers release electric cars

• Smart Charging is a need

• Circontrol have the most complete range of products in EV • Circontrol have the most complete range of products in EV recharging on the worldwide market

• Circontrol have a large experience with more than 2300 charging points installed and working

• Most of the European Countries have strategic plans for the Electromovility for the next years

• Electric vehicle will lead in coming years a strong change in globalenergy model that will strongly affect all the countries

• We are continuously improving the EV charging solutions trying to advance to marked needs

Thank you !Thank you !

Technology

EV charging station Circarlife Product Introduction