Workshop @ EGK 2014, Addis Ababa Jörn Schultz, icebauhaus e.V. Eskinder Mamo, AhadooTec

“tools of knowledge application”

Research Study for GIZ in four selected countries, October 2014 Jörn Schultz & Tiemo Ehmke, icebauhaus e.V.

ict4ag challenges & opportunities on a global scale

Introduction: ict4ag

Tech4Dev   ict4dev  

ict4ag  eAgriculture  

mAgriculture   mAgri  m-­‐ARD  apps  

ict4ag Technologies

•  radio  &  TV  broadcast  

•  Telephone  (voice,  including  Interac@ve  Voice  Recording  /  IVR)  and  

•  Smartphone  &  tablet  apps,  websites  &  other  database-­‐driven  web  services  

•  Hardware  devices  

•  Remote  sensing    

•  Smartcards,  Barcodes,  Radio  Frequency  Iden@fica@on  (RFID)  tags    

•  Robo@cs  (“farmbots”  or  “agribots”)  

•  Community  IT  centers,  LED  informa@on  displays  and  interac@ve  terminals

Introduction: ict4ag

Farming Cycle •  Pre-cultivation: Crop selection, land selection, calendar definition,

access to credit •  Crop cultivation and harvesting: Land preparation and sowing, input

management, water management and fertilization, pest management

•  Post-harvest: marketing, transportation, packaging, food processing

Introduction: ict4ag

Target User Groups

•  Producers:  Farming  families,  communi@es,  coopera@ves  and  farmer  associa@ons    

•  Produce  byers,  food  processing  plants,  transporters  and  input  suppliers  

•  Providers  of  financial  services,  such  as  micro-­‐lenders  and  agricultural  micro-­‐insurers  

•  Governments,  rural  development  organiza@ons,  agriculture  extension  workers  and    

•  Consumers  of  agricultural  products

Introduction: ict4ag

Common Application Areas

•  Information management: Digitization of data and access to data

•  Personalized / localized diagnosis & recommendations

•  Product traceability

•  Access to market

•  Access to finance & crop insurance

Introduction: ict4ag

Main Global Players & Networks

Introduction: ict4ag

UN: FAO, UNDESA, UNECA, IFAD, Unicef

Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation

mAgri Challenge Fund mFarmer Initiative Fund

Mobile Innovation Program Agribusiness Innovation Program

Bill  &  Melinda  Gates  Founda@on,  William  and  Flora  HewleY  Founda@on,  USAID,  OXFAM  mobile  network  operators:  Vodafone,  Orange  or  Telefónica,  etc.  

! Senegal! Ethiopia! Indonesia! Germany!Population!size! 14!million! 92!million! 247!million! 83!million!GDP!(USD,!2013)1!

15!billion! 46!billion! 0,9!trillion! 3,6!trillion!

Annual!GDP!growth!(2013)!

4.0!%! 10.4!%! 5.8!%! 0.4!%!

Employed!in!agriculture!

60!%! 80!%! 35!%!! 2!%!

Agriculture,!value!added!%!of!GDP!(2012)2!

17!%! 49!%! 15!%! 1!%!

Mobile!penetration!rate!(20133)!

93!%! 27!%!! 122!%! 119!%!

literacy!rate!(%!of!adults)!

50!%! 39!%!! 93!%! 99!%!

!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!! !1!http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD!!2!http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS!!!3!http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.CEL.SETS.P2!!

Country Research

•  Well developed IT-Sector •  Lately, increased amount of IT-Startups,

also in Agri-Sector •  Competent developers, good

Universities •  Portal to Francophone Africa •  Fisheries, fruit & vegetables, peanuts,

sugarcane

Senegal

Indonesia

•  IT Infrastructure: Strong compared to Africa, but weak compared to Asia

•  Agriculture sector strongly fragmented (13.000 islands)

•  Multitude of comprehensive ict4ag projects

•  Palm-oil, cocoa, rubber, coffee

Germany

•  Strong IT infrastructure, IT- & Agriculture Expertise,

•  Decreasing amount of farms & employees

•  Focus: Smart & Precision Farming •  Industrial Agriculture, organic farming,

“transparent production”, Agribusiness

•  Weak IT-Infrastructure, lacking developer competencies

•  Weak private sector, few startups, few international corporations

•  Strong gov‘t focus on Agriculture, good national coordination (extention system)

•  Coffee, Teff, Wheat, Sesame, Livestock

Ethiopia

•  ECX

•  8082 Agricultural Information Hotline

•  Ethiopian Livestock Market Info System

•  Coffee Initiative

•  GebeyaLink

•  CommonSense

•  Increasing interest, large amount of projects

•  Especially challenging target-group

•  Many research and startup pilots are discontinued beyond beta-phase

•  Main reasons for failure: •  Not based on actual needs & characteristics of the

intended target group or the context of usage

•  Too high-tech, too technology-centered

•  Lacking realistic concept for revenue

•  Difficulty to raise start-up/seed capital

•  “re-inventing the wheel”

Main Conclusions

Potential Topics T1: User Centered Design & Open Innovation Methodologies T2: Open-Source, Open-Data, Low-Tech & Best Practice T3: Locally developed / adapted Revenue- & Business-Concepts T4: (Experimental) Farming Hardware-Hacking

Main Conclusions

Practical Exercise

1.  Collect  Challenges  

2.  Explore  selected  challenges  

3.  Drab  Solu@ons  

Practical Exercise

•  Challenge: Formulate as a sentence exactly what the actual challenge to solve is?

•  Detail scenario: •  Which geographic region? •  Agricultural subsector / value chain activity, etc?

•  Stakeholders: •  Immediately concerned stakeholders? •  Other potentially related stakeholders / organizations?

•  Effects & influencing factors:

•  What are current negative effects of the challenge? •  What could be positive (intended or not) effects of a

solution? •  Which factors impede a solution? Why does the

challenge currently remain? •  Related existing scientific knowledge or experiences?

Practical Exercise

à Group 1: Ideate solutions without ICT à Group 2: Ideate solutions including ICT

TITLE:TWEET:CONCRETE    Title:  Remarkable/catchy  @tle  for  the  solu@on(s)  Tweet:  Short  descrip@on  of  the  solu@on  in  max  140  characters  Concrete:    

•  Issue(s)  /challenge(s)  •  Target  group  /  stakeholders  •  Proposed  solu@on(s)