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ED 105 Presentation

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The Solar System

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Page 1: ED 105 Presentation
Page 2: ED 105 Presentation

TheThe Sun Sun

TheThe Sun Sun Has a surface which is about 5500 Has a surface which is about 5500

ooC (much cooler than the interior)C (much cooler than the interior) Has no solid materialsHas no solid materials Is made entirely of gasIs made entirely of gas

Has a surface which is about 5500 Has a surface which is about 5500 ooC (much cooler than the interior)C (much cooler than the interior)

Has no solid materialsHas no solid materials Is made entirely of gasIs made entirely of gas

Our StarOur Star

Page 3: ED 105 Presentation

Major Major

PlanePlanetsts

Major Major

PlanePlanetsts

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MercuryMercuryMercuryMercury Has sodium as the most abundant Has sodium as the most abundant

elementelement Is only 40% as large as EarthIs only 40% as large as Earth Has a surface which is EXTREMELY Has a surface which is EXTREMELY

hot (up to 425 hot (up to 425 ooC)C) Marioner 10- took the 1Marioner 10- took the 1stst pictures of pictures of

Mercury in 1974Mercury in 1974

Has sodium as the most abundant Has sodium as the most abundant elementelement

Is only 40% as large as EarthIs only 40% as large as Earth Has a surface which is EXTREMELY Has a surface which is EXTREMELY

hot (up to 425 hot (up to 425 ooC)C) Marioner 10- took the 1Marioner 10- took the 1stst pictures of pictures of

Mercury in 1974Mercury in 1974

The Planet of CratersThe Planet of Craters

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VenusVenusVenusVenus Rotates from east to westRotates from east to west Is about 500 Is about 500 ooC day & nightC day & night Contains continents while each continent is Contains continents while each continent is

about the size of Australiaabout the size of Australia Has an acidic atmosphere Has an acidic atmosphere Has Gravity-100 times stronger than EarthHas Gravity-100 times stronger than Earth Pioneer Venus- 1Pioneer Venus- 1stst to make a map of Venus to make a map of Venus

through radio waves to penetrate the cloudsthrough radio waves to penetrate the clouds

Rotates from east to westRotates from east to west Is about 500 Is about 500 ooC day & nightC day & night Contains continents while each continent is Contains continents while each continent is

about the size of Australiaabout the size of Australia Has an acidic atmosphere Has an acidic atmosphere Has Gravity-100 times stronger than EarthHas Gravity-100 times stronger than Earth Pioneer Venus- 1Pioneer Venus- 1stst to make a map of Venus to make a map of Venus

through radio waves to penetrate the cloudsthrough radio waves to penetrate the clouds

The Planet of CloudsThe Planet of Clouds

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EarthEarthEarthEarth Rocks and minerals –Solid materials Rocks and minerals –Solid materials

that make up Earththat make up Earth Pangea- “all the lands” (one Pangea- “all the lands” (one

continent)continent) Atmosphere- a mixture of gases Atmosphere- a mixture of gases Oxygen an d Silicon- Two most Oxygen an d Silicon- Two most

common elements in Earth’s crustcommon elements in Earth’s crust

Rocks and minerals –Solid materials Rocks and minerals –Solid materials that make up Earththat make up Earth

Pangea- “all the lands” (one Pangea- “all the lands” (one continent)continent)

Atmosphere- a mixture of gases Atmosphere- a mixture of gases Oxygen an d Silicon- Two most Oxygen an d Silicon- Two most

common elements in Earth’s crustcommon elements in Earth’s crust

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MarsMarsMarsMars Fourth planet from the sunFourth planet from the sun Has a large volcanoHas a large volcano Iron compounds –make Mars reddish Iron compounds –make Mars reddish

in colorin color Average temperature –lower than Average temperature –lower than

EarthEarth

Fourth planet from the sunFourth planet from the sun Has a large volcanoHas a large volcano Iron compounds –make Mars reddish Iron compounds –make Mars reddish

in colorin color Average temperature –lower than Average temperature –lower than

EarthEarth

The Red PlanetThe Red Planet

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JupiterJupiterJupiterJupiter A near-starA near-star Made of hydrogen and heliumMade of hydrogen and helium No solid surface but has a solid coreNo solid surface but has a solid core Has two moonsHas two moons The Great Red Spot- lasted for 300 yrs. & The Great Red Spot- lasted for 300 yrs. &

as big as 2 Earth’s diameteras big as 2 Earth’s diameter

A near-starA near-star Made of hydrogen and heliumMade of hydrogen and helium No solid surface but has a solid coreNo solid surface but has a solid core Has two moonsHas two moons The Great Red Spot- lasted for 300 yrs. & The Great Red Spot- lasted for 300 yrs. &

as big as 2 Earth’s diameteras big as 2 Earth’s diameter

The Giant PlanetThe Giant Planet

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SaturnSaturnSaturnSaturn The second largest planet in the The second largest planet in the

Solar SystemSolar System Rings- chunks of ice-covered rocksRings- chunks of ice-covered rocks Gives off more energy than they Gives off more energy than they

receive due to its internal heatreceive due to its internal heat Has large nine moons and many Has large nine moons and many

smaller onessmaller ones

The second largest planet in the The second largest planet in the Solar SystemSolar System

Rings- chunks of ice-covered rocksRings- chunks of ice-covered rocks Gives off more energy than they Gives off more energy than they

receive due to its internal heatreceive due to its internal heat Has large nine moons and many Has large nine moons and many

smaller onessmaller ones

The Ringed PlanetThe Ringed Planet

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UranusUranusUranusUranus The first planet discovered in modern The first planet discovered in modern

timestimes Four times larger than EarthFour times larger than Earth Has five moonsHas five moons Atmosphere- Hydrogen & methaneAtmosphere- Hydrogen & methane Nine distinct rings & two faint ringsNine distinct rings & two faint rings

The first planet discovered in modern The first planet discovered in modern timestimes

Four times larger than EarthFour times larger than Earth Has five moonsHas five moons Atmosphere- Hydrogen & methaneAtmosphere- Hydrogen & methane Nine distinct rings & two faint ringsNine distinct rings & two faint rings

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NeptuneNeptuneNeptuneNeptune Is a large, gaseous planetIs a large, gaseous planet Has an atmosphere containing Has an atmosphere containing

methanemethane Has rings that do not completely Has rings that do not completely

surround Neptunesurround Neptune Has two moonsHas two moons

Is a large, gaseous planetIs a large, gaseous planet Has an atmosphere containing Has an atmosphere containing

methanemethane Has rings that do not completely Has rings that do not completely

surround Neptunesurround Neptune Has two moonsHas two moons

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PlutoPlutoPlutoPluto Is the smallest & most distant planet from Is the smallest & most distant planet from

the sunthe sun Is about the same size as Earth’s moonIs about the same size as Earth’s moon Has the longest orbit Has the longest orbit Takes about 250 years to travel around the Takes about 250 years to travel around the

sunsun Has a longer orbit than Neptune but Has a longer orbit than Neptune but

narrower so it crosses inside Neptune’s narrower so it crosses inside Neptune’s orbit for a period of 40 years Which makes orbit for a period of 40 years Which makes Neptune the farthest planet from the Sun Neptune the farthest planet from the Sun within those 40 yrs.within those 40 yrs.

Is the smallest & most distant planet from Is the smallest & most distant planet from the sunthe sun

Is about the same size as Earth’s moonIs about the same size as Earth’s moon Has the longest orbit Has the longest orbit Takes about 250 years to travel around the Takes about 250 years to travel around the

sunsun Has a longer orbit than Neptune but Has a longer orbit than Neptune but

narrower so it crosses inside Neptune’s narrower so it crosses inside Neptune’s orbit for a period of 40 years Which makes orbit for a period of 40 years Which makes Neptune the farthest planet from the Sun Neptune the farthest planet from the Sun within those 40 yrs.within those 40 yrs.

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AsteroidAsteroidss

AsteroidAsteroidssAre small rocky objectsAre small rocky objects

Means “star-like”Means “star-like”

Asteroid belt- A million or so Asteroid belt- A million or so asteroids larger than a kilometerasteroids larger than a kilometer

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CometCometss

CometCometss Consists of three basic parts: a nucleus, a Consists of three basic parts: a nucleus, a

coma, and a tailcoma, and a tail Nucleus- Solid chunk of matter at the Nucleus- Solid chunk of matter at the

center of the cometcenter of the comet Coma- Cloud of vaporComa- Cloud of vapor Tail- Made of dust released from a comet’s Tail- Made of dust released from a comet’s

outer layer of ice as the ice evaporatesouter layer of ice as the ice evaporates

Consists of three basic parts: a nucleus, a Consists of three basic parts: a nucleus, a coma, and a tailcoma, and a tail

Nucleus- Solid chunk of matter at the Nucleus- Solid chunk of matter at the center of the cometcenter of the comet

Coma- Cloud of vaporComa- Cloud of vapor Tail- Made of dust released from a comet’s Tail- Made of dust released from a comet’s

outer layer of ice as the ice evaporatesouter layer of ice as the ice evaporates

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MeteorMeteorss

MeteorMeteorss Many pieces of rock (size of a sand Many pieces of rock (size of a sand

grain to tens of meters across)grain to tens of meters across) Burning rocks or shooting starsBurning rocks or shooting stars

Many pieces of rock (size of a sand Many pieces of rock (size of a sand grain to tens of meters across)grain to tens of meters across)

Burning rocks or shooting starsBurning rocks or shooting stars

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ConclusiConclusionon

ConclusiConclusionon The Solar Sysytem contains the sun, nine The Solar Sysytem contains the sun, nine

planets, and other objects such as cometsplanets, and other objects such as comets All the planets revolve around the Sun in All the planets revolve around the Sun in

an orbit which is an ellipsean orbit which is an ellipse All the moons revolve around its All the moons revolve around its

respective planetsrespective planets

The Solar Sysytem contains the sun, nine The Solar Sysytem contains the sun, nine planets, and other objects such as cometsplanets, and other objects such as comets

All the planets revolve around the Sun in All the planets revolve around the Sun in an orbit which is an ellipsean orbit which is an ellipse

All the moons revolve around its All the moons revolve around its respective planetsrespective planets

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ReferencReferenceses

ReferencReferenceses The Raintree Illustrated Science

Encyclopedia www. Google.com

The Raintree Illustrated Science Encyclopedia

www. Google.com