DS CATIA V5 and Virtools: KBE & Behavioral Simulation

602 (KBE):DS CATIA V5 and Virtools: ApplyingKBE and Behaviors in AircraftCockpit and CabinFernando Toledo

[email protected]

Virtual Reality Center

National Institute for Aviation Research

Wichita State University

The National Institute for Aviation Research … provides research; certification testing; technology transfer & training to…aerospace industry; aviation‐related companies; non‐aviation companies; federal aviation research sponsors

Some facts about NIAR… • Ranks # 3 among US universities in Aeronautical R&D according to NSF in 07• Funding of $35.8M for FY08 (FAA, NASA, DOD, Industry and State/WSU)• Staff of +300 (includes 60 PhDs, 17 Masters, 102 Bachelors, +100 students)• 16 Laboratories totalizing 135,000 sq. ft. in facilities

Dassault Systemes Products at NIAR …• DS CATIA has been our primary MCAD for several years• DS CATIA/ENOVIA V5 is used in professional courses offered by

CADCAM Lab and in any research or commercial project related to PLM/Virtual Prototyping and Digital Ergonomic Simulations at NIAR

• DS 3DVIA Virtools is used in real‐time visual and behavioral simulations to address R&D and services to aircraft conception, customer services and 3D‐based marketing areas

• Currently NIAR Virtual Reality Center uses DS CATIA V5R19SP2 for 3D modeling and 3DVIA Virtools 4.1 for run‐time simulations in full immersion, semi‐immersion and desktop systems

NIAR Virtual Reality Center: Real Time VizSim for…Virtual PrototypingBehavioral and KBE simulations forconception and design reviews of MCAD/CAID databaseEngineeringMulti‐CAE dataset for pre & postprocesses analysis and certificationErgonomic AnalysisAnthropometrical analysis for assembly, accessibility and trainingDigital ManufacturingInteractive Work Cell and Process PlanBio‐Science SimulationMocap data collection and gait analysis,DICOM data tessellation, remote collaboration, advanced visual simulation

Aircraft Interior at Conception Phase(A potential route for aircraft manufacturers and partners)

Current and Future Market Requirements

Conception Study and Layout Analysis

3D Visual Simulation

Final Decision for Design Selection

Existing and Potential Clients Interviews, Competitors, Style Tendency, etc…

DS CATIA V5 or CAID (only surfaces or mix of surface/solid), ERGONOMICS; FAA/EASA rules; etc…

DS CATIA V5 (KBE,RTR2, PhotoStudio, CAA plugins) and DS 3DVIA Virtools

Physical Mockup; Virtual Reality;Collaboration Rooms; Desktop Computers

Detail Design Engineering Analysis

CertificationManufacturing

MarketingCustomer Service

Subjec

t of this se

ssion

Very Cyc

lical and Dyn

amic

Sub‐Phase Enablers or Tools

Virtual Aircraft Interior Tools at Conception Phase





Differences between DS CATIA V5 and DS 3DVia Virtoolswhen focusing Real‐Time Aircraft Interior Simulation

Selected Feature Comparison DS CATIA V5 DS 3DVIA Virtools

Model Size Limitation 64‐bit / 32‐bit 32‐bit

Surface and SolidModeling and Modification

Yes No

Interactive Simulation Technique Knowledge Based Engineering Behavioral Based

Scene Graph andHierarchical Occlusion Tree

No (Z‐Buffer Occlusion no hierarchy tree)

Yes

Global Illumination AwareNo

(available only for non real‐time thruPhoto Studio WB or CAA plug‐ins)

Yes(reads baked‐material of radiosity and ra‐tracing renderings from majors CAID)

Native Multi‐Texture Material No Yes

Advanced Shaders NVIDIA CgFX (OpenGL)NVIDIA CgFX (OpenGL)

Microsoft's HLSL (DirectX9)

Ergonomics Simulation Yes No

Virtual Reality Aware(multi‐channel, stereo, cluster and

interactive devices aware)

Limited to CAA plug‐ins Yes

NIAR Approach to Real‐Time Aircraft Interior Simulation

DS CATIA V5

• Model creation• Material Library• RTR2• KnowledgewareAdvisory Rules

• Fitting Simulator• Ergonomics Design & Analysis

•CgFX Shaders•Textures

DS 3DVIAVirtools

3D XML

RH Deep Exploration:• Polygonal Reduction;• Normals and Windings Normalization

• 3DS exportation

Autodesk 3DS MAX:•Global Illumination Solution (Radiosity)

• Render‐to‐Texture• Hierarchical Tree

Diffuse Texture

EnvMapTexture

Mental Mill CgFXShaders

Example: a DS CATIA V5 R18SP4 model using Imagine & Shape, Generative Shape Design and Part Design

A simple Imagine & Shape demo for a seat cushion

step 1 step 2

step 3 step 4

A simple Imagine & Shape demo for a seat cushion

step 5

step 6

step 7

Appling KBE simulation in DS CATIA V5 (Knowledgeware + RTR2) for variations in layout, seat type and color

User Defined Parameters shown on the Specification Tree

An example of a layout configuration rule fromKnowledgewareAdvisorworkbench

Appling KBE simulation in DS CATIA V5 (Knowledgeware + RTR2) for variations in layout, seat type and color

DS CATIA V5• 3D Model• Material Library•KnowledgewareAdvisory Rules

Post‐Processor:• Motion View•CEI Ensight

(used in VR rooms)

Pre‐Processor:•Altair Hypermesh

Solver:FE : LS_DYNAMB: MADYMO

DS CATIA V5 Cabin Layout Validation at NIAR*CAE Crash Dynamic Analysis Route

* Analyzed by Dr. Gerardo Olivares and his team at NIAR Computational Mechanics Lab

Pre‐Processor:• DS CATIA CAA Altair HyperCrash

ATD/Seat Model:• Multibody MADYMO

Post‐Processor:• DS CATIA CAAAltair HyperCrash

??? ???

. . .

.

.

KBE approach

Design Table approach

DS CATIA V5 Cabin Layout Validation at NIAR*FE Models to validate seat structural performance under static and dynamic FAR *.561 , *.562

Revolute Joint

Revolute/Translational Joint

FE Model(8 to 10 hours CPU)

Facet/MultiBodyModel(8 to 10 min CPU)

t= 0 ms

t= 300 ms

Human Factors Analysis in DS CATIA V5 (Human Analysis Simulation & Fitting/Kinematics Simulation)

Two Approaches:• Traditional Desktop• Immersive VR‐based

A top level infrastructure example:PC‐based Clusters or PC multi‐channel graphical cards/GPUsLarge Field‐of‐View HMDMotion TrackersCAA Middleware (Drives)

• Motion Analysis• Mechdyne’s

CDVI/Conduit• Haption IFC Core

RestrictionsThe anthropometric parameters canbe exposed if the in Anthropometric List Dialog the Management field is setup to manual. This means that it’spossible to have User Defined parameters associated with Knowledgeware (Formulas,Rules, Reactions,etc…) forvariations on interior layout. In addition, manikin’s end‐effectors can be constrained to CATParts in DMU FittingSimulator or Kinematics. This can be useful in real‐time simulations of accessibility, line‐of‐sight and posture.

Advanced Shaders in DS CATIA V5: NVIDIA CgFXMental Images’ Mental Mill: example of a simple OpenGL Diffuse_LightMap_CubicEnv_Shaders

•Alternative Shaders creation for programmers: NVIDIA FX Composer• DS CATIA V5 is not compatible to Microsoft’s HLSL•CgFX Shaders now does work in stereoscopic mode in DS CATIA V5R19 !!• 3DXML still does not support CgFX Shaders

Real‐Time Simulation in DS CATIA V5R18: a live demo

Global Illumination (GI) for Real‐Time SimulationShading and Lighting equation for one local light source

Simple equation: itotal = iamb + idiff + ispec

Complete equation: itotal = aglobal x mamb + memi + cspot (iamb + d(idiff + ispec))

where : aglobal = parameter used in OpenGL or Direct3D APIs for global ambient lighting for constantbackground light coming everywhere

mamb = ambient material parameter

mamb = emissive material parameter

cspot = spot light factor = max (‐l x sdir,0)

where l = light vector; sdir = direction of the spot light; sexp = factor fall‐off control

sexp

d = 1/(sc + sl(spos – p) + sq(spos‐p)where (spos – p) = distance from the light source position “spos” to the point “p” that is to be shaded

sc = constant attenuation parametersl = linear attenuation parametersq = quadratic attenuation parameter

for physically correct distance attenuation sc = 0, sl = 0, sq = 1

2

DS CATIA V5 RTR2 and several others wb

DS CATIA V5 PhotoStudio, CAA Plug‐ins (OPTIS, etc…), DS 3DVIA Virtools + Global Illumination results

GI Process for Real‐Time Simulation in 3DVIA VirtoolsCurrent aircraft passenger’s interior cabin reading lights are based on two types of technologies:

Incandescent/Halogen LED

General recommendations *:* CCT: 3600 to 5200 K* Illuminance at beam center:‐Gaussian: 220 to 400 lx‐Top‐hat: 160 to 400 lx

3DS MAX can replicate real light real conditions by usingappropriated parametersand global illuminationrender solution

* SAE Subcommittee A‐20A/C, Interior and Crew Rest Lighting, LED Reading Light Study by NadarajahNarendran, Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY

Global Illumination on Autodesk 3DS MAX 2009 – Light Setup

GI Process for Real‐Time Simulation in 3DVIA Virtools• 3DS MAX offers two global illumination algorithms: Ray‐Tracing and Radiosity;• Radiosity produces accurate photometric simulations of light by using radioactive thermal analysis techniques. Rather than determining the color for each pixel on a screen (i.e. ray‐tracing) radiosity calculates the intensity for all surfaces in the environment. • Radiosity solution can be export to 3DVIA Virtools by lighting maps or vertex color;• Lighting maps works by having 3DS MAX render out radiosity solution as textures, by using Render‐to‐Texture command in 3DS MAX;• 3DVIA Virtools is material multi‐texture aware and it combines diffuse maps, lighting maps, normal maps and environment maps;•Units in 3DS MAX must match the units of the interior model because radiosity engine always uses an inverse square falloff for lights.

GI Process for Real‐Time Simulation in 3DVIA VirtoolsEnvironment Cubic Map creation on Adobe Photoshop

•Joint the environment cubic mapimages from 3DS MAX (or from DSCATIA V5 PhotoStudio) to be usedin 3DVIA Virtools env cubic mapby using the following reference:

Front viewBack viewTop viewBottom viewLeft viewRight view

• Save the jointed file to DDSformat using NVIDIA DDS plug‐in *for Adobe Photoshop selectingCube Map and No MIP maps

*http://developer.nvidia.com/object/photoshop_dds_plugins.html

Real‐Time Simulation in DS 3DVIA Virtools 4.1

Lighting Map > Shading

Ligh

ting M

ap > Sha

ding

Color Texture > Diffuse color

CubeMap > Reflection

Color Texture > Diffuse color

Key material information used in the cabin simulation


table

floor

Schematic Area for Behavioral Simulation: Events triggering Actions – Simple Examples


Behavior for toilet’s door

Behavior for interior layouts

Behavior for material changes


SchematicLevel Manager

Mesh Setup

Material Setup

CgFXShader

Lighting Map > ShadingColor Texture > Diffuse color

CubeMap > Reflection

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Real‐Time Simulation in DS 3DVia Virtools 4.1: a live demo

Thank You!DS Virtools 4.1 VR Pack:PowerWall Active Stereo

PC‐based Cluster

Technology

DS CATIA V5 and Virtools: KBE & Behavioral Simulation