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DIY scanning for 3D printing: an overview
Sophie Kahn, Natalia Krasnodebska and Lauren Slowik
Why 3D scan?3D scanning brings real-world objects into the digital realm
-Save modeling time
-Scale up or down
-Modify or remix objects
-Output them in different materials, using different technologies (3D printing, CNC milling, etc)
Types of 3D scanning
-Laser line
-Structured light
-Photogrammetry
-Time-of-flight
-Contact
To create a Kinect scanning
setup
-Office chair that spins
-Bright lamp
-Microsoft Kinect v1 or v2
-Kinect drivers and SDK
-Skanect software
DAVID structured light/laser scanning
DAVID laserscanner
You will need:
-Focusable laser diode and battery pack, or laser level from a hardware store
-Webcam: the higher res and faster fps the better (I use The Imaging Source)
-Printed calibration panels
-Cardboard/plywood
-Set square
DAVID structured light
You will need:
-Pico projector
-Calibration panels
-Webcam (the higher-res and higher fps, the better)
-Small desktop tripod
-Dual head for tripod
-Two rotating ball tripod mounts
-Turntable (optional but helpful)
-White spray paint or removable spray powder (talc developing spray, dry shampoo)
-White play-doh for registering multiple scans
-Black spray paint
-Black painted blocks to serve as props
-Helping hands tool
-Black velvet to mask out background
Useful accessories for
3D scanning small objects:
Steps to make a DAVID scan
-Set up calibration panels at 90 degrees, using a set square for accuracy
-Calibrate camera
-Prepare and stabilize your object
-Scan in sweeps, rotating object and flipping as needed
-Register scans in DAVID Shapefusion
-Fuse surface and export
Repairing files for 3D print
What does a 3D printer need in a file?
-File must be “watertight” (one solid form, no holes)-File must have no geometry errors (all polygons
face same way, etc)-File must be correct thickness-File must be structurally sound
Workflow to prep scan for
3D print
-Fill holes in scan file & make solid (Meshmixer)
-Smooth and sculpt (Meshmixer)
-Repair geometry (Netfabb)
-Export .stl for printer (Netfabb)
Repairing files with Meshmixer
Fill holes in Meshmixer:
Edit->Close CracksEdit->Make Solid
Smooth in Meshmixer:Edit->Brushes->Shrink
Smooth/Bubble Smooth/RobustSmooth
Steps to repair in Netfabb
Basic
-Fill any remaining holes using rt-click->Fill Hole
-Remove unnecessary shells
-Run basic repair & apply
-Trim object and removed trimmed parts if necessary
-Fix any bad geometry by deleting and re-adding triangles
-Run basic repair one last time
-Export as .stl
Additional steps in Netfabb Pro
-Wrap part surface if object is severely corrupted
-Reduce triangle mesh to <1,000,000 polygons
-Hollow model to desired wall thickness
-Add drain holes using Boolean operations
-Run wall thickness visualization to check structural integrity