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Development of Semantic Web based Disaster Management

System

Sankhadeep PujaruRoll No - 12/IT/429

Under the guidance ofDr. Animesh DuttaAssistant Professor

NIT Durgapur

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Contents

• Introduction• Layer Cake Architecture• Ontology• RDF• RDF Schema• Disaster Management domain• Proposed architecture • Work done• Ontograph formation• RDF serialisation• SPARQL query• Future Work

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Rise of the Semantic Web

• Web 1.0 - Many Web sites consisting ofunstructured, textual content.

• Web 2.0 - Few large Web sites specialized with specific content types.• Web 3.0 - Many Web sites containing and

semantically syndicating arbitrary structured content.

• Goal - To represent Web content in a form that is more easily machine-accessible.

• “The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in co-operation.“ - [Berners-Lee et al., 2001]

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Can we ask these questions ? Search answers for the following queries in the

current search engines.

- Researchers actively working on semantic technology related topics in India.- Apartments near Bengali dominated area in Bangalore.

- Guided tour providers with offices in Jaipur, Delhi and Bangalore.

• The required information to answer the above queries is available on the Web, but the current Web search engines are not yet smart enough tounderstand and answer the queries.

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Semantic Web Vision

Layer Cake Architecture

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RDF subject – predicate - object triple, P ( S, O ) [S] P [O]

http://http://www.example.org/hasName (‘http://www.famouswriters.org/twain/mark’, "Mark Twain")

http://http://www.example.org/hasWritten (‘http://www.famouswriters.org/twain/mark’, ‘http://www.books.org/ISBN0001047582’)

http://http://www.example.org/title (‘http://www.books.org/ISBN0001047582’, "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer“)

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“Mark Twain”

‘http://www.famouswriters.org/twain/mark’

‘http://www.books.org/ISBN0001047582’

"The Adventures of Tom Sawyer"

ex:hasName

ex:hasWritten

dc:title

Contd... RDF Graph

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<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:ex="http://www.example.org/terms/" >

<rdf:Descriptionrdf:about="http://www.famouswriters.org/twain/mark"> <ex:hasWritten

rdf:resource="http://www.books.org/ISBN0001047582"/> <ex:hasName>Mark Twain</ex:hasName> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.books.org/ISBN0001047582"> <dc:title>The Adventures of Tom Sawyer</dc:title></rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>

Contd... RDF Serialisation

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RDF Schema• Defines vocabulary for RDF• Organizes this vocabulary in a typed hierarchy

- Class, subClassOf, type.- Property, subPropertyOf.- domain, range .

‘ ... /twain/mark’ ‘ ... /ISBN0001047582’ ex:hasWritten

FamousWriter

Writer Book

rdfs:subClassOf

rdf:type

rdf:type

rdfs:domain rdfs:range

SCHEMA

DATA

ex:hasWritten

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Ontology

An ontology formally represents knowledge as a hierarchy of concepts within a domain, using a shared vocabulary to denote the types, properties and interrelationships of those concepts.

• OWL – a formal ontology language, and it provides standard labels for describing terms. - Classes (owl:class, owl:unionOf etc.) - Properties (owl:ObjectProperty, owl:DatatypeProperty, rdfs:domain,

rdfs:range etc.) -Relations (owl:equivalentClass, rdfs:subClassOf, owl:equivalentProperty etc.)

Querying and reasoning using an ontology can help reveal implicit concept.

Inference = Ontologies + Rules . If <Durgapur> <isPartOf> <WestBengal> and <WestBengal> <isPartOf> <India>,Then <Durgapur> <isPartOf> <India>.

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Scope of Work

• “Which relief organizations can provide how many tents for the earthquake-affected region Gujrat in India ? ”

• In the field of disaster management to structurise the data such that any information needed during emergency will be easily available.

• Different structure of websites.

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Architecture

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My Proposed Work

• This work emphasises on categorising of the data.

• The data is organised semi-automatically and an universal document structure is formed.

• This structure serves globally to all web developers and accessors to simplify the task of website development and website navigation.

• Website development is made easier through RDF and Website navigation is made easier through SPARQL.

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Ontogen

Input.txt

OntographSupervised manner

Jena

RDFForm triplet and adding standard , domain specific vocabulary

SPARQL ARQ Processor

Result

Query

Implemented Architecture

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Concept Query

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Concept’s Documents

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Ontology Visualization

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RDF of that Ontology

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Examples of SPARQL Query

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Contd…

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Future Work

• How to make global Ontology from a set of websites within a domain .

• Mapping from Natural Language Query to SPARQL.

• Publishing Linked Data on the World Wide Web.

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8. Natalya F Noy, Deborah L McGuinness, et al. Ontology development 101: A guide to creating your first ontology, 2001.

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9. Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler, Ora Lassila, et al. The semantic web. Scientific american, 284(5):28–37, 2001.

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