Activities at ICIMODSpatial Solutions Day

CGIAR-CSI Annual Meeting

ILRI, Nairobi

Salman Asif Siddiqui

Email: ssiddiqui@icimod.org

International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development

Kathmandu, Nepal

Extends over 3500 km from Afghanistan to

Myanmar And Home to 200 million People

An intergovernmental and independent

organisation with eight member states

The Hindu Kush-Himalayan RegionA regional mountain knowledge, learning and enabling centre devoted to sustainable mountain development in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan region

Information and Knowledge are chief Commodities of the Centre

The International Centre for Integrated Mountain

Development (ICIMOD)

Extends over 3500 km from Afghanistan to

Myanmar and Home to 150 million PeopleInaccessibility

• World’s highest peaks and deepest gorges

and with very high degree of inaccessibility;

Verticality

• Extremely rugged terrain with high

topographic variations within short distances

Fragility

• Youngest geological formation and fragile

mountain ecosystem;

• Prone to natural disasters: earthquakes,

landslides, flash floods and GLOFs;

Diversity

• Diverse physical, climatic and social

conditions;

Marginality

• One of the poorest region of the world and

often marginalised by main development

mainstream

The Hindu Kush- Himalayan Region

Mountain Geography plays a single most

dominant role in its development

Mountain Perspective Framework

Signifying the Water Tower of Asia - 10 Large River Basins

Mountain Matters: Water

Darjeeling

Sikkim

Eastern Himalayas listed as a Global Biodiversity Hotspot

Mountain Matters: Bio-Diversity

12 May 2008 – Sichuan Earthquake

3 May 2008 – Myanmar Nargis Cyclone

8 October 2005 – Pakistan Earthquake

Mountains: Prone to Natural Disaster

Weather and climate induced disasters are on the rise !!!

Disaster Hot Spots !!!

Photo Credit : Nabin Mangal Joshi, DoI

Retreating Imja glacier and growing glacial Lake

LANDSAT TM 1992

CORONA 15 DEC 1962

IRS ID PAN 19 MAR 2001

SPACE SHUTTLE METRIC CAMERA 2 DEC 1983

IRS LISS3 2006

2006photograph of Imja glacier

(Photo: Giovanni

Kappenberger

courtesy of Alton C Byers)

1956photograph of Imja glacier

(Photo: Fritz Muller;

courtesy of Jack Ives)

Imja Glacier, Nepal –

Repeat Photography

GLOF hydrograph of ImjaPeak flow and peak flood depth along the rivers

Flood arrival time and discharge from Imja GLOF

Place Ch (km) Time(min)Discharge

(m3s-1)Flood Depth (m)

Imja lake

outlet0.0 0.0 5461

Dingboche 7.518 13.9 5094 5.81

Orso 11.545 18.8 4932 5.53

Pangboche 13.648 21.3 4800 7.62

Larja Dovan

Confluence)25.940 34.8 3223 6.91

Bengkar 29.669 38.8 2447 6.64

Ghat 34.559 46.4 2355 5.75

Simulation of GLOF scenario from Imja

Biodiversity

Data

Landcover

/ Landuse

Natural

Hazard

Socio-

economy

Air

Water

Data - A Common Denominator

• Many applications

use a basic set of

common data.

• Data are often with

different

organizations

Access to quality data

Is the Key

To develop and institutionalize integrated and innovative geo-based solutions and foster information and knowledge management within ICIMOD and its cooperation partners to support informed decision-making for mountain policies and practices.

Mountain Environment and Natural Resources’

Information System (MENRIS) Programme

Major Foci

Mainstreaming MENRIS instruments

Regional networking and up-scaling

Innovation and technology transfer

Open access and regional platform

Capacity Building and regional GIS network

• Regional and National GIS/RS Training Course

• Exchange of Scientists and Internship

• University GIS/RS Network

• GIS/RS E-learning System

GIS/RS/DSS Training Manuals

Applications of geo-informatics and

Decision Support Systems

Training Courses

• Professional

• Technical

• Policy

Open Source OGC-StandardsInteroperabilityPartnership

GeoSpatial Metadata management system

Metadata

Catalog Server

Mountain

GI Community

Metadata

Web

AfghanistanBangladesh

Bhutan

MyanmarNepal

China

Pakistan

India

Tea Garden

Amliso

Plantation

(Tiger

Grass)

Settlement -

BuiltUp

Evergreen forest CinCona

Forest

Applications and DSS

Water and Hazard

• Assessment and monitoring of Ice and Water Resources• Multi-hazard risk mapping; Regional Hazard Atlas• Flood modeling and mapping• Climate change impact assessment

Livelihood and Poverty

• Poverty mapping and monitoring• Socio-economic analysis• Medicinal plant assessment

Ecosystem Services

• Rangeland assessment and monitoring• Bio-diversity corridor mapping; PA DSS• Integrated watershed management – DSS• Participatory 3-D modeling

Simulation of GLOF and Hazard Assessment

Evolving technology and application

Near real time application

End Users

Database

Server

Thematic

Processing

Satellite

Tracking Receiver

Products and

Services

Ice and Water Resources

Regional Landcover Mapping

If Imja breaks…

Dingboch

e (Photo: 2006)

Disaster Risk Mapping

Transboundary Air Pollution Monitoring

Clearing House

Collaborative effort to build, share and disseminate earth observation derived information and knowledge resources

Mountain GeoPortal

Clearing House

Collaborative effort to build, share and disseminate earth observation derived information and knowledge resources

Mountain GeoPortal

Key Components ofMountain GeoPortal

Regional Gateway and geo-information services

Decentralized and distributed network

Decision support for integrated mountain development

• Metadata management system developed by

ICIMOD to promote access, use and sharing

of geo-information resources in the Hindu

Kush Himalayan region.

• The system promotes systematic

development of metadata adhering to

international standards in a distributed and

decentralized network environment.

Mountain GeoNetwork - Introduction

• The system is embedded with interactive web mapping services with OGC standards

• Cataloguing of satellite images in Google Earth Environment

• URL::http://arcsde.icimod.org.np:8080/geonetwork

Mountain GeoNetwork - Introduction

Key Resources (As of now)

Serving 2483 metadata including

~ 322 vector dataset

~ 1513 satellite images

~ 1200 digital maps

Search for information

Simple search

Advance search

More filters for the query

Spatial search on WMS.

Metadata management system

Group / User Management

Privilege setup to the metadata

Information sharing hub for the ICIMOD & RMCs

Mountain GeoNetwork - Introduction

Expanding technology

Node setup with RMCs

• Build nodes on the HKH regional countries.

• Training in metadata and GeoNetwork.

• Node setup with GeoNetwork Opensource.

• Built ISO 19115 standard metadata.

• Technical support as needed.

• Viewing geographic information over the internet

(WMS) …

Regional Geo-Data Sharing Network

Internal Nodes

HKKH partnership

project

Highland Wetland

Initiative

Regional Active Nodes

CAS, China

DSLR, Bhutan

WWF-P, Pakistan

LGED, Bangladesh

AIMS, Afghanistan

ICIMOD

International Nodes

CSI-CGIAR

FAO

• Future nodes setup

Myanmar

India

Additional components

Internet web mapping with GeoServer opensource

Additional components

Image cataloging with Google Earth

Capacity building

One-week training course

Knowledgebase –HKKH Partnetship Project

• Standards for Metadata: ISO19115

• Platform: FAO’s GeoNetwork (Opensource)

• Spatial

• Bibliography

• Model

• URL: http://www.hkkhpartnership.org

Knowledgebase – Spatial data

Spatial

• Around 150 spatial layers and Sat. Images

Knowledgebase - Bibliography

Bibliography

• 1251 records

Benefits

• The information sharing will enhance the

information on the regional scale and can be

used by all decision makers to use the

information in effective way.

• It also will act as the knowledge and experiences

sharing to all the RMCs of ICIMOD and can

improve the spatial data management

technology in the uniform way.

• The professional services and technical

knowledge can be exchanged.

Land Cover Classification

Harmonized and Standardized

Forest land in global

land cover datasets

• Harmonized and standardized collection of land

cover data;

• Availability of land cover data for a wide range

of applications and users;

• Comparison and correlation of land cover

classes.

The requirements

Land cover map

Detailed land cover, IKONOS (2001)

Overall Classification Accuracy = 92.31%

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

Are

a in

he

ctar

es

General Land Cover Class1992 2000 2006

Land cover change 1992 - 2006

Class

No

change

Increase

(from other

classes)

Decrease

(to other

classes) Net change

Forest 8315 1265 2124 -859

Shrub 13575 4104 2680 1425

Grass 3956 4527 2406 2121

Snow 20721 908 11934 -11027

Land Cover Mapping- CKNP

Land cover mapping following similar methodology

Quomolangma Nature Preserve – TAR/ China

• Collaboration with IGSNRR-CAS, China

• GIS training

• Partnership with FAO: Benefit from international knowledge

and customize for regional and national benefits

• Institutional networking with relevant partners in RMCs:

important for harmonized data and its sharing across the

region

• Land Cover: At Regional and National Levels

Land Cover Mapping –Networking and Up scaling

Regional Land Cover Mapping

• In collaboration with FAO

• Legend based on LCCS Methodology

• Using IRS-AWiFs Data

• Object Based Classification Techniques

Thank you