Cs 1114 - lecture-1

Instructor : Muhammad Haris

All Rights Reserved to Department of Computer Science – GCU Lahore

Attitude Does Matter

Bring a change in your attitudeYou are no more college studentsShow maturity and sensibility in your

conduct

Take a different approach towards your studiesLearning should be the primary objective

BS(CS) - A stepping-stone towards your professional life

Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-1 2

Commitment & Dedication The only thing that is required from you Do not take things for-granted Engender interest in this field of study

Even if you got admission without your consent or interest


Zero Tolerance for Plagiarism An unethical practice which is

considered as cheating and deceiving othersDisciplinary actions may be taken against

you

Plagiarism detection is not a big deal in the field of Computer Science


Be Prepared for Surprises Get to know about Semester System

from your seniorsThings will get passed at quite a rapid pace

Be ready for tight schedules and strict deadlines

Keep your morale up and try not to lose focusYou’ll end up enjoying your studies




How Important is it?

Fundamental basis for all of your courses that involve programming throughout this degree program

It will be very hard to compensate for it in future

○ CAUTION: If you fail to perform well in this course, it will be very hard for you to go through next semesters and to finally get out with a degree in your hand


Three Most Important Things


Practice

Practice

Practice

How to Perform Well

Revise the lecture the same day Complete given tasks before next

lectureTasks will be given at the end of every

lecture

Consult your teacher, TA’s, senior students if you are unable to understand a concept




Programming Fundamentals

Two Terms

Computer

Programming

11Programming Fundamentals | Lecture-1

Computer

You are familiar with calculators An electronic device much more

sophisticated than calculatorsThe hardware components it contain are

much more powerful than that of a calculator

A dumb terminalCannot think for itselfNot pre-designed with any kind of

functionality


Programming

Computers are dumb but they can do exactly what they are told to do

Giving instructions to a computer to perform a task is what we call “programming”

These set of instructions are called a “computer program”

This capability of computers is what makes them so powerfulExample: Adding numbers from 1 to 1000


Computer Program

A series of instructions given to a computer, in order to accomplish a task or to achieve a particular result


What kind of instructions a computer can understand?

How can we communicate it to the computer?


Looking Inside Computer

MICRO-PROCESSOR


Microprocessor

A micro-chip that can perform arithmetic operationsBeing a digital circuit, it understands only 0’s

and 1’s known as “machine language”○ It can handle only simple operations like Add,

Subtract, Multiply, Divide etc.

It can be used in many devices, computer is just one example


Giving Instructions to Microprocessor It’s very hard for human beings to

remember different patterns of 0’s and 1’s

It is almost impossible for a human being to write a computer program consisting only of 0’s and 1’s

There was a need to define a language which is easier to understand and work with


Solution: Assembly Language Set of short words to represent different

patterns of 0’s and 1’sExample: ADD 00101101

Remember: Microprocessor can only understand machine language (0s & 1s)How assembly language will work then?


Solution: Assembler A translator to convert words into appropriate

patterns of 0s & 1s i.e, converts series of instructions (written in

assembly language) into machine language


Instructions inAssembly Language

ASSEMBLER

Instructions inMachine Language


Problem with Assembly Language It is more close to machine rather than

human beingsA low-level language Human mind does not work so simply as the

machine does

It is still very different from the languages that human beings speakIt is still difficult for human beings to solve a

complex problem by writing a computer program in assembly language


Solution: High Level Languages The programming languages which are

closer to human languages and further from machine languagesIn contrast, assembly languages are

considered low-level because they are very close to machine languages

Remember: Microprocessor can only understand machine language (0s & 1s)How a high-level language will work then?


Solution: Compiler

A translator to convert instructions written in a high-level language to low-level languageSee figure on next slide


Instructions inAssembly Language

ASSEMBLER

Instructions inMachine Language

COMPILER

Instructions inHigh-level Language

human being

microprocessor


Technology

Cs 1114 - lecture-1