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Creating Topic Maps Ontologies for Space Experiments
David Damen
TMRA 2009, Leipzig, Germany
04/15/23
1
ULISSE
• European FP7 project
• “Improve the exploitation of results from space experiments”
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2
Why Topic Maps?
• Large variety in background knowledge
• More natural expression of knowledge
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Ontology Creation - Original
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Startup
Analysis
End-user
DraftingInteraction
DesignVerification
Ontology Creation - Adaptations
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7
Startup
Analysis
End-user
DraftingInteraction
DesignVerification
Ontology Creation - ULISSE
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8
Preparation Analysis Draft Refinement
OntologyWorkshops
• Iteration 1• Iteration 2
Ontology Workshops
• Day 1:– Present Topic Maps– Learn about the domain
• Day 2:– Dump domain knowledge
• Day 3:– Structure domain knowledge
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Know Your Audience
• Your domain experts:– Scientists?– Software Engineers?– Electrical Engineers?– Business people?– …?
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Be a facilitator
• Use domain examples:– Make it easier to follow– Show domain understanding
• Let them talk
• Use tools they already know
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Gradually introduce Topic Maps concepts
• Do not try to push everything from the start
• Try to remember your first encounters with Topic Maps
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It’s ok to be scared or nervous
• Trust your preparations
• Trust yourself
• Be prepared to be wrong
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Domain experts are nervous too
• Probably more than you, but not at first
• How well do they know their domain?
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Results
Task Tool ResultEnumeration (identifying terms)
Microsoft Excel Word List
Categorization (grouping terms)
CMapTools Concept Map
Organization (modelling taxonomical relationships)
CMapTools Concept Map
Organization (modelling ontological relationships)
CMapTools Concept Map
Organization (transforming into Topic Maps Notation, including Scopes, Roles, Occurrences)
Microsoft PowerPoint Ontology in simplified GTM notation
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Results – Fluid ScienceEckmann number I of characteristic number Xeducational AT unary AT: of experiment Xelectric pole TT AT: "hardware" "composed-of" "electric pole" Xelectrical conductivity I of physical propertyelectrical power TT of current. AT: "experiment" "uses" "electrical power" Xelectromagnetic force TT subtype of body force Xenergy TT variable/parameter (cfr.velocity, temperature)engine TT AT: "hardware"/"facility" "composed-of" "engine" Xenvironmental temperature I of boundary condition X
equation TTAT: "mathematical model" "is-made-up-of" "equation"; AT:"mathematical model" "is-made-up-of" "boundary condition"
ESA I of space agency Xevaporation I of physical phenomenon X
experiment TTinstances are FASES, … AT: "experiment" "is-performed-in" "exp. Facility". AT: "experiment" "studies" "physical phenomenon" X
experiment output TT AT: "experiment" "produces" "experiment output" Xexperiment result TT AT: "experiment" "produces" "experiment result" Xexperiment setup TT AT: "experiment" "describes" "experiment setup" X
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Results – General Space Experiments
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Experiment
Experiment output
produces
Experiment setup
defines
Experiment run
consists-of
Boundary/Limitation condition
imposes
educational
product
producer
project
Experiment protocol
partwhole
plans
constraintproject
protocol
setup
project
protocolTime Interval
status
acronym
report
Experiment Anomaly
encountered eventproject
Status should be a closed list. The following statuses are proposed:• selected• scheduled - under implementation• launched• active• analysis• completed
Conclusions
• Transfer Topic Maps throughout the consortium
• Using simple tools raised the involvement
• Managing the ontologies across tools is hard
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Future Work
• Ontologies as TMCL
• Incorporate the ontology creation workflow in ScienceCast
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