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Water and Sanitation Services That Last
Costing sustainable servicesThe life-cycle cost approach
Catarina FonsecaPatrick Moriarty
Stef Smits21st March, Washington DC
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
All materials available from:www.washcost.info
www.waterservicesthatlast.org
Part 1: The Danger Zone
Water and Sanitation Services That Last
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 20114
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Capital expenditure dominates
Management /recurrent expenditure
dominates
Coverage rates25% 50% 75% 100%
Danger zone: as basic infrastructure is
provided, coverage risks stagnating
Danger zone: as basic infrastructure is
provided, coverage risks stagnating
Capital maintenance exp. dominates
The Danger Zone?
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Part 2: What can we do about it?
Water and Sanitation Services That Last
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
‘Life-cycle costs (LCC):
The costs of ensuring adequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services to a specific population in a determined geographical area - not just for a few years but indefinitely.’
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
2$-3$ per capita per
year…
2.000$ per rehabilitation in Mozambique
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
How to compare costs when services are different?
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Service levelQuantity
(lpcd)Quality
Accessibility(min=distance and crowding)
ReliabilityStatus (JMP)
High >= 60 Good <= 10 Very reliable
ImprovedIntermediate >= 40 Acceptable <=30 Reliable/secure
Basic (normative) >= 20
Sub-standard >=5 Problematic <=60 Problematic
Unimproved
No service <5 Unacceptable > 60 Unreliable/insecure
Source: Moriarty et al., 2011
Water service levels
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Service levels for borehole with hand-pump
0.5
0.1
1.2
Under revision: data will be published in April
Part 3: Examples of use
Water and Sanitation Services That Last
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Handling the danger zone
Better identification of gaps in planning
Facilitation of the Learning Alliances
Better dissagregated
lifecycle unit costs
Data used in planning
Data from Implementation
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Ghana (Government)
- District Monitoring and Evaluation System (DiMES) going to become a national monitoring system.
- In 2012 CWSA will roll out the DiMES to all Metropolitan, Municipal, District Assemblies (MMDAs)
- Working groups on how to finance capital
maintenance
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
HH one-off investment in water supply tends to be lower the northern and southern SC and BC colonies. HH investment in borewells, booster pumps, storage tanks has a negative tradeoff for other users Some HHs in the OC colony have made “recent” one-off investments of $500+ in their water supplies.
Mean HH one-off water supply
investment ($)
Northern SC: 47
Northern BC: 26
Southern BC: 86
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
NGO Fontes Foundation in UgandaCosts by categories for their Katunguru water project 2004-2010 in 2010$US
Source: Koestler et. al, 2010
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Final messages1. Life cycle cost approach enables a comparison of different
service delivery models internalising country norms, number of users and poverty analysis
2. Service level analysis provides a more nuanced understanding of where problems of sustaining coverage may lie
3. A firm grasp of costs and services to be delivered, leads to more cost-effective financing strategies reducing slippage
Water and Sanitation Services That Last March 2011
Many organisations and governments already using components of the life-cycle costs approach
The end
