EC:

Project DescriptionObjectively Verifiable Indicators Sources of Verification Assumptions/Hypotheses

Overall Objective What are the project's contribution to policy or programme objectives (impact)?

How the Overall Objective is to be measured including Quantity, Quality, Time?

How will the information be collected, when and by whom?

Purpose What are the direct benefits to the target groups?

How the Purpose is to be measured including Quantity, Quality, Time?

As above If the Purpose is achieved, what assumptions must hold true to achieve the Overall Objective?

Results What are the tangible products or services delivered by the project

How the results are to be measured including Quantity, Quality, Time?

As above If Results are achieved, what assumptions must hold true to achieve the Purpose?

Activities What are the tasks that have to be undertaken to deliver the desired results.

If Activities are completed, what assumptions must hold true to deliver the results?

EC SPF:

Intervention Logic Objectively Verifiable Indicators Sources of Verification Assumptions/Hypotheses

Overall Objectives What are the overall broader objectives to which the action will contribute?

What are the key indicators related to the overall objectives?

What are the sources of information for these indicators?

Specific Objective What specific objective is the action intended to achieve to contribute to the overall objectives?

Which indicators clearly show that the objective of the action has been achieved?

What are the sources ofinformation that exist or can be collected? What are the methods required to get this information?

Which factors and conditions outside the Beneficiary's responsibility are necessary to achieve that objective? (external conditions)Which risks should be taken into consideration?

Expected Results The results are the outputs envisaged to achieve the specific objective. What are the expected results? (enumerate them)

What are the indicators to measure whether and to what extent the action achieves the expected results?

What are the sources of information for these indicators?

What external conditions must be met to obtain the expected results on schedule?

Activities What are the key activities to be carried out and in what sequence in order to produce the expected results? (group the activities by result)

Means:What are the means required to implement these activities, e. g. personnel, equipment, training, studies, supplies, operational facilities, etc.

What are the sources of information about action progress?CostsWhat are the action costs? How are they classified? (breakdown in the Budget for the Action)

What pre-conditions are required before the action starts?What conditions outside the Beneficiary's direct control have to be met for the implementation of the planned activities?

ADB

Design Summary Performance Targets Monitoring Mechanism Assumptions & Risks

Longer Term Objectives (Goals)

Immediate Project Objective (Purpose)

Project Outputs

Inputs

The Design Summary provides information on the basic building blocks of the project and presents them as a cause-effect chain drawn from a preceding cause-effect analysis. The inputs are expected to result in the outputs, which in turn are expected to achieve the immediate objective (sometimes called the purpose) of the project which contributes to the longer term objectives (sometimes called the goals of the project.)

Some logical frameworks include the category of Activities. This refers to the detailed and chronological tasks, which will use inputs and deliver outputs. If the logical framework is to be used as a detailed planning and implementation guide, the inclusion of Activities is necessary. If the logical framework is used to reflect a succinct logical presentation of the critical elements of a project or program, the inclusion of Activities is not essential.

The Verifiable Performance Targets tie down performance requirements for each element of the project design. These are specific tangible and/or quantifiable measures of achievement for each level in the design summary. These indicators are important in both monitoring and assessing success.

The Monitoring Mechanisms are the sources and/or methods, which will be used to collect data for monitoring performance at each level of the cause- effect chain in the design summary. These must be specified because they often require resources and commitment from the project implementors.

The Assumptions and Risks identify other conditions, which are external to the project but are needed to ensure that one level indeed causes the next level of performance to happen. Thus, given the level of inputs, outputs will be produced assuming project staff have the required technical skills (assumptions) - and outputs will give us the expected impacts - assuming no major natural disaster takes place (risks).

The Design Summary comprises four basic levels of a cause-effect chain. At the top are the project goals (the long-term objectives of the project). While these provide the umbrella logic and rationale for the project, they will only come on stream over the long term and are influenced by many variables in the interim.

The project purpose (the immediate objective of the project) is the key anchor of the project design. This is the level of achievement that the project must deliver. This objective should become evident by the end of the project implementation period. A project’s scope and outputs will be designed around this objective to specifically ensure that it is achieved by the end of the project. It is therefore advisable to have only one immediate objective for the project. Therefore, the starting point for preparing the logical framework must always be the immediate project objective or purpose

AusAid

Project Description Performance Indicators Means of Verification Assumptions

Goal The broader development impact to which the project contributes – at a national and sectoral level.

Measures of the extent to which a sustainable contribution to the goal has been made. Used during evaluation.

Sources of information and methods used to collect and report it.

Purpose The development outcome expected at the end of the project. All components will contribute to this.

Conditions at the end of the project indicating that the Purpose has been achieved and that benefits are sustainable.. Used for project completion and evaluation.

Sources of information and methods used to collect and report it.

Assumptions concerning the purpose/goal linkage.

Component Objectives The expected outcome of producing each component’s outputs.

Measures of the extent to which component objectives have been achieved and lead to sustainable benefits. Used during review and evaluation.

Sources of information and methods used to collect and report it.

Assumptions concerning the Component objective/purpose linkage.

Outputs The direct measurable results (goods and services) of the project which are largely under project management’s control

Measures of the quantity and quality of outputs and the timing of their delivery. Used during monitoring and review.

Sources of information and methods used to collect and report it.

Assumptions concerning the output/component objective linkage.

Activities The tasks carried out to implement the project and deliver the identified outputs.

Implementation/work program targets. Used during monitoring.

Sources of information and methods used to collect and report it.

Assumptions concerning the activity/output linkage.

DFID Model (Bond-Networking for International Development)

Objectives Measurable Indicators Means of Verification Important Assumptions

Goal Wider problem the project will help to resolve

Quantitative ways of measuring or qualitative ways of judging timed achievement of goal

Cost-effective methods and sources to quantify or assess indicators

(Goal to supergoal)External factors necessary to sustain objectives in the long run

Purpose The immediate impact on the project area or target group i.e. the change or benefit to be achieved by the project

Quantitative ways of measuring or qualitative ways of judging timed achievement of purpose

Cost-effective methods and sources to quantify or assess indicators

(Purpose to Goal)External conditions necessary if achieved project purpose is to contribute to reaching project goal

Outputs These are the specifically deliverable results expected from the project to attain the purpose

Quantitative ways of measuring or qualitative ways of judging timed production of outputs

Cost-effective methods and sources to quantify or assess indicators

(Outputs to purpose)Factors out of project control which, if present, could restrict progress from outputs to achieving project purpose

Activities These are the tasks to be done to produce the outputs

INPUTS:This is a summary of the project budget

Financial out-turn report as agreed in grant agreement

(Activity to output)Factors out of project control which, if present, could restrict progress from activities to achieving outputs

GEF (Global Environment Facility), DSE (German Foundation for International Development)

Project Strategy Objectively Verifiable Indicators Source of Verification Assumptions

Development Objective The medium and long-term global environmental benefits in the areas of Biodiversity, Climate Change, International Waters and Ozone layer to which the project contributes

Immediate Objective Short-term and clearly achievable objective of the GEF Intervention,

Outputs Specifc products and services to be provided by the project to the project direct beneficiaries for achieving the immediate objectives.

ActivitiesWhat needs to be done to achieve the outputs making use of human, .technical and financial inputs.

Means Cost

Pre-Conditions