© 2016 Nokia1

The Future of All Things and the Creation of Time

Marcus WeldonPresident of Bell Labs & CTO of Nokia

2 © Nokia 2016

Source: McKinsey Global Institute, The Internet of Things: Mapping the Value Beyond the Hype, June 2015

Future of automated systems, platforms, infra

t

3 © Nokia 2016

Ways to save/create time

1) Change Time: Use differences in gravity and velocity

2) Change Lifetime: Discover “Fountain of Youth” or bioengineered equivalent

3) Change Usage of Time: This talk

© 2016 Nokia4

Human value: Time

Free Wifi

t

t

© 2016 Nokia5

Business value: TimePro·duc·tiv·i·ty (noun): the effectiveness of productive effort, especially in

industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input

t1870-1920 1920-1970 1970-2014

(1.0)

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

1.842.41

1.771.79

2.82

1.62

Output per person Output per hour

Source: Robert Gordon, The rise and fall of American growth (adapted by Mark Gordon, Chief Economist, E&Y)

% C

hang

e Pe

r Yea

r

© Nokia 20166

We have continuously created tools to augment our physical abilities…and save time

Thinking time….

X 100 X 1000X 500 X 5000

t

© Nokia 20167

We have created tools to increase discovery by decreasing distance to save time (and waste time?)

Thinking time….

X 10 - X 1000 ?

D t

© Nokia 20168

Need to interface digital & physical realms…to decrease distance and waste, and create time

Thinking time….

© Nokia 20169

Need to augment our mental abilities…to increase knowledge and save time

Thinking time….

© 2016 Nokia10

The coming revolution

Tech. Revolution Enabling Technology ConnectivityFinancial (1600 − 1740) Stocks & Bonds Banking & Stock Market Infrastructure

1st Industrial (1780 − 1840) Steam Engine & Iron Production Rail and Shipping Networks

2nd Industrial (1880 − 1920) Steel & Chemicals Extended Transportation Networks Electricity & Telecom Networks

Scientific-Technical (1940 − 1970) Analog & Digital Signal processing Digital Communications Networks

Information (1985 − 2015) The Web, Cloud computing & Mobile devices Internet & Broadband Access

Automation of Everything (2015 −) Digital interfaces & Data analysis Future X Network

Technological Revolution (def): Interconnection of new systems and technologies

We arehere

+ capacity to profoundly transform economies & society

© 2016 Nokia11

Industrial Revolution

Consumer

Evolution

The new digital eraDigitization, delivery & sharing of:

Digitization, distribution & optimization of:

© 2016 Nokia12

Latency matters … reducing time to save time

0.1 1 10 100

10

100

1000

10000(km)

RTT(ms)

Light propagationElectric grid control

Autonomous vehiclesvRAN

Haptic VR & tele-operationCloud-assisted driving

BW-efficient 360° videoHi-Res cloud gaming

4K video streamingVoIP/video conferencing

Web page load

Vestibulo-ocular reflex

IM chat & bots

High-Frequency trading

Sprint start

0.25

1

2

4

8

7

5 20

10 100

10 40

20 90

120

50 1900

100

150

150

50

1000

4000

ICP

cloud

Core

clo

udEd

geclo

ud

Service latency requirements (in ms)

Max tolerable networking delayMax application delay for processingHuman response times (for reference)

We arehere

© 2016 Nokia13

Latency & bandwidth matter … for new digital experiences that save time

Edge CloudCore Cloud

1ms10ms100ms1s10s 100us 10us1kbps

10kbps

100kbps

1Mbps

10Mbps

100Mbps

1Gbps

10Gbps Cloud RAN

360° video (hi-

res)

Electric grid control

Cloud-assisted driving

Autonomous vehicles

Comms & Chatbots

4k Video streaming

Sensors

Home Sensors

Haptic VR

Remotetraining

360° video (free viewpoint)

Remote control vehiclesHD Video

streaming

360° video (lo-

res)

Band

widt

h

Latency

Video VR/AR

People & Things

SystemControl

Virtual RAN

360° VR/AR

We arehere

14 © Nokia 2016

Perspective on wireless evolution

Source: Bell Labs, adapted from F. Boccardi, T. Marzetta, IEEE Comms. Magazine, 201402

2G-4G: “People &

Video”

Ultra-broadband: “VR/AR”

Ultra-low latency: “System Control”

Forbidden region: “Shannon Limit”

Pre-5GR1

R2

Ultra-narrowband:

“Things”

R3

R4

R5

© 2016 Nokia15

Summary: The 100yr, 100x shift

Enabled by: Local real estate, fiber, trust, optimized HW/SW network platforms , programmability, privacy preserving, & secure

Enabled by: Global reach and power; SW platforms for business model disruption, stability, non-privacy preserving & inadequately secure

We arehere

ComputeTech

IPNetworks

Broadband Access

ComputeTech

IPNetworks

Broadband Access

Core Cloud Edge Cloud

100s ms, 10’s Mbps1 day, $1000, 10B

1ms, 1Gbps10 years, $1, 1000B+

Devices

Things

© 2016 Nokia16

The New Architecture for New Value

ConvergedEdge Cloud2 Software

defined, end-end

Smart Network Fabric

3

Universal Adaptive Core4 Access agnostic

converged coremodular, decomposednetwork functions

Common data layer

Programmable Network OS5 Dynamic

customerservices

Dynamicnetwork optimization

Management &

OrchestrationSDN NFV

Multi-operatorfederation

self-optimizedcoverage & capacity

MassiveScale Access

1

Long fibers

AccessRemote

Shortwaves & wires

Digital Value Platforms7 ANP, CSP, ICP,

Vertical appsExternal data sources

Open APIs

Augmented Cognition Systems6 Machine

learningAnalytics

Humans& Machines

Dynamic Data Security

8• New trust framework• Ecosystem sharing• Mass edge monitoring

© 2016 Nokia17

The Future of All Things and the Creation of Time

Analog Things

Create Time (by decreasing distance

and increasing knowledge

Digital Things

18 © Nokia 2016

The New Value (2): Global-Local Equilibrium

Global ForcesLocal ForcesOptimized Discovery of Digital ContentMassive Brand Power

Generalization

Personal Data Monetization

Economies of Cloud Platform Scale

Optimized Delivery of Digital ContentTrusted Brand RelationshipPersonalization

Personal Privacy Protection

Economies of Secure Network Platform

19 © Nokia 2016