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Common Alerting Protocol Standard and Procedures
Nuwan WaidyanathaITU Expert
Email: nuwan [AT] lirneasia [DOT] net
http://www.lirneasia.net/profiles/nuwan-waidyanathaMobile: +94773710394 (Int'l Roaming) +8613888446352 (cn)
Workshop on Timor-Leste Emergency Communications Plan
2015 April 28
National Communications Authority of Timor-Leste, Dili, Timor-Leste
Outline❑ Hazard, Information, and
Technologies
❑ CAP removing the
warning intricacies
❑ CAP Profile (who, what,
where, when)
❑ Delivering CAP
messages via all-media
❑ Examples of current
implementations
❑ References
Hazard, Information, and Technology1. Identify a local hazard that is
a threat to you, your
family/friends, or organization
2.What information (or early
warning) should be shared with
vulnerable populations about
that hazard to mitigate the
situation?
3.How would the vulnerable
populations like to receive that
information (i.e. technology
mode)?
Hazard
Another City / Province / Country
Another City / Province / Country
Across communities, nations, regions— a “public alerting patchwork”
Your City / Province / Country Your City / Province / Country
Radio
Television
Fax
Cell / SMS
SirensStorm
Earthquake
Tsunami
Fire
Volcano
All governments/organizations have various public alerting systems:
• Earthquakes/tsunami by e-mail, news wire, Web sites, pagers, telephone calls ...
• Weather by news wire, fax, radio, television, e-mail, SMS text on cell phones ...
• Fire, Security, Transportation by television, radio, sirens, police with bullhorns...
The Challenge of Alerting
□How do we manage the subscribers and publishers?
□How do we deliver early warnings in local language?
□How do we use available technologies?
□How do we disseminate alerts over multiple channels?
□How do we interoperate with incompatible systems?
□How do we effectively communicate the optimal content?
□How do we address the communication strategy?
□How do we accommodate upstream-downstream alerting?
Problem to solve in alerting/warning systems
CAP for all-hazards all-media and multi-agency alerting and situational awareness
Complies with the US National
Science and Technology Council
(NSTC) six principles of alerting,
designed for :• Coordination (avoid
duplication)• Consistency (believable)• Channels (Multiple)• Completeness
(unambiguity)• Coverage (Geo-targeting)• Control (security)
Managed by the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS)
Recommended (X.1303) by the International Telecommunications Union Standardization Sector (ITU-T) – to align with ASN1 (Abstract Syntax Notation One) ISO standards notation
Strongly advocated by the World Meteorological Organization's Public Warning Services
Alerting/Warning Standard (EDXL-CAP)
National CAP Implementation Profile, the steps
Audience
Geography
Language
Technology
(1) EventsWhat type of incidents will you address? (e.g. geological, meteorological, … )
Pub-Sub
Events
(2) Audience <Scope>Alert First Responders only (i.e. closed user group)Example: police, health workers, civil society, public servantsAlert Public (entire population)Combination of First Responders and Publicstep 1: alert First-Responders to give them time to prepare Step 2: warn public
(4) National <Languages>English only or Chinese only or Malay onlyEnglish, Hindi, Chinese, and Malay which jurisdictions?
(3) Geographical Descriptions <Area>Country wideProvince or StateDistrictOther – Geocodes or GPS polygons
(5) Communications Technology?Mobile phones – SMS, CB, Email, AppletTV – Text, Audio, VisualAM/FM Radio - Text, AudioVHF/UHF Radio - AudioInternet – HTTP, Email, Webserviceshich jurisdictions?(6) Publisher Subscriber Rules (OIDs and EDXL-DE)Who can publish what alerts in which jurisdictions?Who can subscribe to what alerts in which jurisdictions?
Who?What?Where?When?
How is it done in your country?
Let's take 05 minutes to discuss
• What is the event (pick one)?
• Who are the authorities responsible for detection,
decision, and dissemination?
• Who is the targeting audience?
• What are there jurisdictional boundaries?
• Who receives the alerts and who publishes them?
• When do they publish and when should the
intended recipients receive the alerts/warnings?
Structure of a CAP Message
CAP Messages contain:• Text values for human
readers, such as "headline", "description", "instruction", "area description", etc.
• Coded values useful for filtering, routing, and automated translation to human languages
Automated Standard Message
“A <event> alert has been issued for <areaDesc> by <senderName>. Persons in this area are encouraged to <responseType>, and <instruction>. This event is rated as <severity>, and is <certainty>. Responsive action should be taken <urgency> . For more information about this event, visit <URI> or call <contact>.”
Example of Automated Standard Message
“A Flood alert has been issued for North Western Province by Department of Irrigation and Water Resources. Persons in this area are encouraged to prepare, and stay away from demarcated flood zones. This event is rated as moderate, and is likely. Responsive action should be taken in future. For more information about this event, visit http://www.ndmc.gov.lk/ or call 2395521.”
CAP (XML) → uses XSL to transform→ delivery method
Warnings Via Commercial Media
Commercial TV and radio send warnings as "crawl text" and/or audio
What about online mediausers?
An Opportunity
Online media (e.g, Google, Conversant...) are using their own capabilities to help alerting authorities send warnings to people using the Internet, at no charge
Mobile Phones and Specialized Devices
Mobile phones with Cell Broadcasting and SMS
Disaster and Emergency Warning Network (DEWN)
Alerts over Addressable Satellite Radios
Siren Towers
Exercise – SAMBRO message delivery
1) getting a feel for alerts in CAP format for the project focused coastal hazards (use the SimCAPTool)
INSTRUCTIONS:
- Form four groups and use the same example used in the discussion to now generate your alert message
- Access: http://cap.ituprojects.org
- Login with [email protected] and 123
2) disseminate alerts in CAP format to the Restricted through multiple delivery modes for the chosen event
Typical CAP-based Alerting
SystemBased on CAP, Alerting Solutions Inc (ASI) supports many delivery methods:
U.S. Emergency Alert System (EAS), local radio station, local cable TV, sirens, strobe lights, e-mail, SMS, voice telephone, intercom / digital telephony, computer pop-up’s, Web sites, social media (Twitter, Facebook, Myspace...), Emergency Call Boxes, reverse Weather Radio, building loudspeakers, voice fire speakers, police car loudspeakers, 800 Number/Hotline, LED signs and LCD screens
CAP in Caribbean (one example)
Alerting S
olutions Inc. AS
I
CAP in Mexico
sou
rce: M
ario
Alva
roR
uiz
Va
lezq
ue
z (CIR
ES
)
• In 2013, Interior Ministry was instructed to install the National Alert System (NAS)
• National Civil Protection Coordination is lead agency, supported by CIRES (Centro de Instrumentacion y Regsitro Simico) A.C., specifically related to using CAP
• Three stages are planned:
Wireless Emergency Alerts (USA)
Hu
rricane S
andy W
ireless Em
ergency A
lerts (A
BC
New
s)
Google Public Alerts
• Platform designed to bring users relevant emergency alerts when and where they are using Google tools
• Whether user sees an alert depends on search query, which alerts are active, and the event importance
• To see all active alerts, go to homepage
http://www.google.org/publicalerts
Google.Org and Crisis Response
more info
Google Public Alerts on Smartphones
• Alerts in “Google Now” on Android
• Alerts in Google Maps on mobile browser
Mapping tool to define alert area
Google Map Tool to draw a circular alerting area near Mount Saint Helens volcano
Display on Multiple Mapping Tools
29
CAP News Feed (MS Internet Explorer)
http://alerts.weather.gov/cap/mzus.php?x=1 viewed with Microsoft Internet Explorer
Click here to subscribe
SWOT Analysis of CAP-enabled MASA
characteristics of the CAP-enabled Sahana Broker that give it an ADVANTAGE over
other
characteristics that place the CAP-enabled Sahana Broker at a DISADVANTAGE over other
external elements that could cause TROUBLE in alerting and situational-awareness
external chances to IMPROVE the performance in alerting and
situational-awareness
Letter from WMO on Enhanced Alerting Facilities
Resources
1) Video “Introduction to CAP”, Eliot Christian (WMO): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0iKp60jjtY
2) Instructions for translating the video to local language: http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/ISS/Meetings/WIS-CAP_Geneva2011/video.zip
3) Video on the use of CAP in real-time biosurveillance pilot, Nuwan Waidyanatha (LIRNEasia): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7WOq5giddI
4) CAP implementers workshop, WMO, Geneva, April 2011: http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/ISS/Meetings/WIS-CAP_Geneva2011/DocPlan.html
5) CAP Cookbook (wiki): http://www.incident.com/cookbook/index.php/Welcome_to_the_CAP_Cookbook
6) ITU-T recommendation X.1303: http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.1303/en
7) TD No. 1556, Administrative Procedure for Registering WMO Alerting Identifiers (PWS-20): http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/amp/pwsp/documents/AIR_PWS-20.pdf
8) OASIS EDXL suite of standards (including CAP): http://www.oasis-open.org/standards#edxl
Thank You
Nuwan WaidyanathaNuwan [AT] lirneasia [DOT] net
