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Presentation to NIST re: cloud computing, open clouds, and the disruption to existing enterprise IT patterns. A lot of the content was delivered verbally, so the deck makes less sense standalone. Note that NIST is supposed to eventually post the video.
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Clouds, Open-ness, and IT Patterns
Randy Bias, CTO & Co-Founder
NIST Cloud Computing Forum & Workshop IV, November - 2011
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Cloudification
?
On demandservices?
Self-serviceWeb Apps?
IT-as-a-Service? Virtualization?
What is Cloud Computing?
3
On demandservices?
Self-serviceWeb Apps?
IT-as-a-Service? Virtualization?
... could it be something else?
4
On demandservices?
Self-serviceWeb Apps?
IT-as-a-Service? Virtualization?
Disruption?
... could it be something else?
4
Enterprise Computing (Legacy)
5
Cloud Computing (Web-scale)
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Cloud Computing’s Pioneers
IT - Disruption & Evolution
EnterpriseComputing
"Client-Server"
CloudComputing
"Web"
MainframeComputing
"Big Iron"
1960 1980 2000 2020
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IT - Disruption & Evolution
Disruption
EnterpriseComputing
"Client-Server"
CloudComputing
"Web"
MainframeComputing
"Big Iron"
1960 1980 2000 2020
8
IT - Disruption & Evolution
Disruption Disruption
EnterpriseComputing
"Client-Server"
CloudComputing
"Web"
MainframeComputing
"Big Iron"
1960 1980 2000 2020
8
IT - Disruption & Evolution
Disruption Disruption Disruption
EnterpriseComputing
"Client-Server"
CloudComputing
"Web"
MainframeComputing
"Big Iron"
1960 1980 2000 2020
8
IT - Evolution of Computing Models
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
SLA
Scaling
Hardware
HA Type
Software
Consumption
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IT - Evolution of Computing Models
99.999
Vertical
Custom
Hardware
Centralized
Centralized Service
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
SLA
Scaling
Hardware
HA Type
Software
Consumption
9
IT - Evolution of Computing Models
99.999
Vertical
Custom
Hardware
Centralized
Centralized Service
99.9
Horizontal
Enterprise
Software
Decentralized
Shared Service
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
SLA
Scaling
Hardware
HA Type
Software
Consumption
9
IT - Evolution of Computing Models
99.999
Vertical
Custom
Hardware
Centralized
Centralized Service
99.9
Horizontal
Enterprise
Software
Decentralized
Shared Service
Always On
Commodity
Distributed
Self-service
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
SLA
Scaling
Hardware
HA Type
Software
Consumption
9
Essential Understanding
10
“The cloud lets its users focus on delivering differentiating business value ... ”
-- Werner Vogels, Amazon CTO
“... get into the [Google] mind-set ... robustness ... has to be designed into your software ... assume that the hardware [is] ... unreliable and broken ... at any point.”
-- Adrian Cockcroft, Netflix Chief Cloud Architect
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Amazon Web Services(a guiding light)
Why is AWS Different?
SCALE
AWS uses non-Enterprise IT patterns
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IT Pattern EnterpriseSLA Target (Uptime) 99.999% (pretend) 99.95% (realistic)
SLA Actual 99.9% (if lucky) 99.99% (or more)
Scaling Vertical Horizontal
Hardware Vanity Hardware Commodity Hardware
HA Type Use hardware and pray Use software and plan for failure
Software Arch Centralized & brittle Decentralized and isolated fault domains
Consumption Model Call the help desk Self-service
1990’s “Big App” in the Enterprise
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100K end users?
2010’s “Big App” on the Internet
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800M+ end users
“Enterprise-class” isn’t good enough any more
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Cloud Computing is the new IT -an IT that is massive scale for utility use
CloudEnterpriseMainframe
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Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
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Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
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Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
20
CommodityHardware
+
Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
20
CommodityHardware
+ +
Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
Scale Engineering
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CommodityHardware
+ +
Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
Scale Engineering
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Operational Excellence
CommodityHardware
+ + +
Open Source
Commodity Hardware
Scale Engineering
Operational Excellence
Open Clouds?
Combination of:
Open Network (Internet)
Open APIs (AWS? OpenStack API?)
Open Source (OpenStack, Hadoop, Cassandra)
Open Hardware (Open Compute)
Open Standards (TBD?)
No single owner
Meaning ...
Federation, interoperability, and leverage25
OpenStack
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Momentum
• >50,000 downloads
• 600+ Summit attendees
• 1,200+ active participants
In use today at scale
• RAX running storage at >30PB
• NASA at >20,000 VMs
• Govt Agency running 600+ nodes
• Govt Agency using it for HPC
• KT / INAP at >2.5 PB storage
• HP - 1000 nodes, >2 PB
• Mercado Libre - 5,000 VMs
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Call to Arms
Action Plan #1 - How to Build IT
Learn from the pioneers
AMZN & GOOG, not VMW
Next generation vendors
Scale engineering & operational excellence
Open Clouds are the future
Open source is key
Skate to where puck will be
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Action Plan #2 - How the Gov Can Help
Support Open Initiatives:
OpenStack, Open Compute, etc.
Press AMZN to Open License their APIs
What if Gov only talked to open licensed APIs?
Avoids lock-in and opens market to competition
Demand open cloud solutions in bids
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