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Meron Petro Zajac, Pharmacist, MScEnvironmental Company of São Paulo StateTechnology, Quality and Environmental Impacts Evaluation Directory Assistant
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Cleaner Production
Meron Petro Zajac, Pharmacist, MScEnvironmental Company of São Paulo State
Technology, Quality and Environmental Impacts Evaluation Directory Assistant
- 2009 -
Traditional way - corrective control (end of pipe)
Natural Resource Products
wasteAmbiance
Corrective control technology:
• There was great environmental improvement (Ex: At the 80´s: Cubatão,
the “Death Valley”);
• CETESB and industries have been focused on;
• It’ll be always necessary.
Emissions 1983(t/year) 2004(t/year)• MP 363,372 3,829• Fluoride 5,677 215• NH3 3,489 15• Organic load 17,147 1,289
• However, corrective controls model:1. needs high cost (industries);
2. can produce some conflicts with environmental agency/
image impairment;
3. pollutant transfer: always needs final disposal;
4. is not enough to be in conformity with laws (many
cases);
5. do not consider natural resources shortage;
6. production is more important than productivity.
Cleaner Production
● In CETESB since 1992 (USEPA cooperation);
● Focused on partnerships (sector approach);
● Action on environmental problems sources;
● Diverse actions
(guidelines and reports; pilot projects; successful cases; etc)
“Pollution is often a form of economic waste”Michael Porter e Claas van der Linde
At the 90’s: new management industrial concepts(total quality management)
Productive process revision; Targeting efficiency production; Waste generation means the process converts raw material
into products inefficiently
Cleaner Productionconcepts begins
Cleaner Production; What does it mean?
Use reduction on raw material, water, energy, etc.;
Selection of raw material (low toxicity);
Minimize waste in the production process;
Process to get it more efficient.
Produce more applying less,
Productivity increase ($$$) X environmental impacts reduction
What are pollutants? What are pollutants?
• Material which passed into the process and has consumed:
• Inputs (water, energy, etc);
• Raw material;
• Equipments use;
• Workforce;
• Management costs increased by waste;
BUT do not turn on products, i.e.:DO NOT BRING ADDITIONAL VALUE TO THE PRODUCTDO NOT BRING ADDITIONAL VALUE TO THE PRODUCT
MarketMarket Product qualityProduct quality
Law conformityLaw conformity
Toxic raw material use
Preventive maintenance
Lost data
Personnel training
Energy and water consumption
Toxic waste Water treatment and destination
Product life cycle
Real cost of waste it seems to be an Iceberg.
Source: Successful cases in CP www.cetesb.sp.gov.br/Ambiente/producao_limpa/casos.asp
Examples:
CP ImplementationCP Implementation
42
6
22
2
10
10
71
Rede Bras. P+L - Medidas P+L Fase 2 - 2002-2004
Ações domésticas sem custosMudança ou substituição de matéria-prima Melhor controle do processo produtivo Reuso e reciclagemModificação ou troca de equipamentosMudança de tecnologia do processoProdução de subprodutos úteisModificação de produto
Fonte: SENAI/CPC
DAIRYEnvironmenta
l impactsw s
we w
wem
Raw material receiving control * * *
Storage material control * *
Lost reduction * *
Pasteurization continuous process *
Thermal energy recovering *
Reuse of serum and buttermilk *
Dry removal of salt excess * *
Equipment’s surface dry cleaning * * *
Equipment’s surface cleaning by pressurized water * *
Cleaning products recovery * *
Good production practice * * * * *
Brine recovery * *W – Water sw –waste e – energy ww – wastewater em - emission
MEAT PRODUCTION
Refrigerators maintenance Energy consumption reduction
Heatedness recovery from hot water
Energy consumption reduction
Meat shavings recovery Waste reduction and wastewater pollutant charge reduction
Grease recovery Raw material to other productive process; Waste reduction
CP GENERAL ACTIONS
Water reuses/recycling
Wastewater reduction; water consumption reduction
Use of natural lighting
Energy consumption reduction
Dry cleaning Waste reduction and wastewater pollutant charge reduction
Renewable energy / environmental friendly energy use
Energy reduction; air pollution reduction; global worming gases reduction
Management storage (ex: FIFO) etc.)
Losses row material reduction
Waste recovery/reuse; wastewater reuse/recovery
Row material reduction; wastewater pollutant reduction; water use reduction
Management systems (quality, just in time, GPP)
Efficiency processes
• CP industrial guides: Graphic, jewelry, tannery, Cosmetics and hygiene; paper and mill; slaughter; pottery; industrialized meat; etc.
CETESB’s CP documents available for CETESB’s CP documents available for downloadingdownloading
www.cetesb.sp.gov.br/Ambiente/producao_limpa/documentos.asp
