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Communities and People Robert Croker, Nanzan University

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Page 1: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

Communities and People Robert Croker, Nanzan University

Page 2: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

MY DEFINITION OF CULTURE

!   Culture is the dynamic construction of meaning. It is not a static, fixed body of knowledge or practices, but rather is constantly evolving, always in a process of becoming.

!   People, participating in groups and communities (that are always in a state of change), actively develop new cultural practices and construct new cultural products. These new practices and products develop from and contribute to the development of new cultural perspectives, or ways of understanding the world.

!   The purpose of fieldwork is to understand this process, to understand how meaning is (re)constructed.

Page 3: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 4: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

THE ICEBERG OF CULTURE

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THE ICEBERG OF CULTURE

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

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KNOWING WHAT

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

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KNOWING HOW

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

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KNOWING WHY

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

Page 9: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

KNOWING WHO

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

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KNOWING WHO - Communities

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

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COMMUNITIES

!   COMMUNITIES are social groups or social contexts in which members of that community interact.

!   Communities vary in size: !   broader communities – national culture, language, gender,

race, religion, socio-economic class, or generation

!   narrower communities – a local community group, a university club, a company, a family

!   Communities are not isolated, but co-exist with other communities. They are in different relationships with one another: separation, cooperation, collaboration, conflict – and these change over time.

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 12: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

COMMUNITIES CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 13: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

COMMUNITIES CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 14: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

COMMUNITIES CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 15: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

COMMUNITIES CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 16: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

KNOWING WHO - People

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

Page 17: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

PEOPLE

!   PEOPLE are the individual members of the community.

!   Each person is a distinct mix of belonging to a number of communities on the one hand and having individual experiences on the other.

!   Culture exists both in the communities (groups) and also in each individual member. That is, culture is both collective and individual – it is both social and psychological.

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 18: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

PEOPLE CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 19: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

PEOPLE CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 20: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

PEOPLE CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 21: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

EXPLORING CULTURE

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

Page 22: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

Changing Communities Changing People

Page 23: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

Steps in Research Beginnings:

Look for things that are the same and for things that are different.

Second step:

Find connections between different parts of people’s experiences.

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 24: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 25: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 26: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 27: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 28: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

1930s to 1950s Beginnings:

Look for things that are the same and look for things that are different.

How did children entertain themselves in the early Showa period and in the later Showa period.

How did that affect relationships between children, and between children and older people?

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 29: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 30: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 31: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 32: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 33: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 34: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

1930s to 1950s Beginnings:

Look for things that are the same and look for things that are different.

How did children entertain themselves in the early Showa period and in the later Showa period.

How did that affect relationships between children, and between children and older people?

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 35: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

1930s to 1950s CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 36: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

1950s Comics Second step:

Find connections between different parts of people’s experiences.

What images are there in comics in the 1950s?

How do those images reflect what is happening in the broader world.

What did that mean for children growing up in the 1950s?

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 37: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 38: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 39: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 40: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 41: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 42: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 43: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 44: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 45: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 46: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 47: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 48: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 49: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

1950s Comics Second step:

Find connections between different parts of people’s experiences.

What images are there in comics in the 1950s?

How do those images reflect what is happening in the broader world.

What did that mean for children growing up in the 1950s?

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 50: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

1950s Comics CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 51: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

1960s Student Life Beginnings:

Look for things that are the same and for things that are different.

Second steps:

Find connections between different parts of people’s experiences.

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 52: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

1960s Student Life CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 53: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

1960s Student Life CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 54: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

Beginnings:

Look for things that are the same and for things that are different.

Second step:

Find connections between different parts of people’s experiences.

1960s Student Life CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 55: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

VISIBLE

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INVISIBLE

1960s Student Life CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 56: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

Sociology A big question:

How does belonging to a group change an individual’s behavior (practices) and identity (perspectives)?

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 57: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

Sociology Another big question:

Over time, how do changing products and practices affect perspectives?

Over time, how do changing communities affect perspectives?

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 58: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

Sociology A third big question:

Does change primarily come from changes in technology [products and practices] like the TV, rockets, computers, the Internet) …

… or does change primarily come from changes in ideas [that is, perspectives] like democracy, freedom, free trade, consumerism, and feminism?

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES

Page 59: Class 6 PowerPoint Slides

CULTURE

PRODUCTS PRACTICES

PEOPLE

PERSPECTIVES

COMMUNITIES