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Citrix XenDesktop introduced a number of new concepts and processes for Desktop Administrators. Understanding these advancements and their effect on is key to a stable XenDesktop environment. This session will discuss core deployment and configuration concepts and considerations and provide proven practices for troubleshooting the top three XenDesktop issues. What you will learn - Concepts for successful deployment of a XenDesktop site - Configuring a typical site and understanding the common challenges - Troubleshooting registration, connection, and machine creation issues - Citrix Quick Launch
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Best Practices for Implementing, Administering, and Troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5
Shaun Wendland, Senior Escalation EngineerMay 6, 2014
SYN405
Tweet about this session with hashtag #SYN405 and #CitrixSynergy
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.3
Architecture and design considerations for a successful deployment
Administration habits to help maintain and support a XenDesktop 7.5 site
Troubleshooting tips and the top three problem types
Resources discussed, Q&A
Agenda
Best Practices for ImplementingThe XenDesktop 7.5 architecture and considerations for successful deployment
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.5
XenDesktop 7.5 architecture
Virtual DesktopAgent
Delivery Controller
SQL Database
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.6
XenDesktop 7.5 architectureThe XenDesktop Delivery Controller
Facilitates distribution of applications and desktops
Coordinates with hypervisor
Manages the desktop states
Authenticates and manages user access
Brokers connections between users and target resources
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.7
XenDesktop 7.5 architectureThe XenDesktop Delivery Controller
Delivery Controller ServicesAD Identity Service
Machine Creation Service
Configuration Service
BrokerService
Host Service
Delegated Admin Service
Configuration Logging Service
Citrix Environment Test Service
Monitoring Service
NEW (7.x)NEW (7.x)
NEW (7.x)NEW (7.x)
NEW (7.x)
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.8
XenDesktop 7.5 architectureThe XenDesktop Database
Stores Site configuration, Configuration Logging, and Monitoring data
Persistent DB availability is required
High-Availability and Fault Tolerance options• Mirroring • Clustering• Leveraging hypervisor H/A features• Support for SQL 2012 AlwaysOn Availability Groups
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.9
XenDesktop 7.5 architectureThe XenDesktop Database
Security• Each controller has its own SQL login to
the database- Machine account – DOMAIN\MACHINE$
• Controller permissions are restricted
• No rights to change the schemas
Use this box as a guideline for proper image placement. Place your image on top and align to box.
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.10
XenDesktop 7.5 architectureThe XenDesktop Database
Support for assigning your site, configuration logging, and monitoring schemas into separate databases
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.11
XenDesktop 7.5 architectureThe XenDesktop Virtual Desktop Agents
Performs controller registration and manages the HDX connection
VDA types
• Workstation VDA- Single-user
• Server VDA- Multi-user- Remote Desktop Services (RDS) coordinates connections
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.12
Sites?
Users?
From where?External access?
Internal access?
Resources? Hypervisor?
Storage? Bandwidth?
How many images?Dedicated?
Pooled?
PvD?
Updates?
Images?
Maintenance?
Thin clients?
How frequently?
Mobile devices?
Random or static?
Security restrictions?
Which users?
“It depends…”
CGP?
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.13
Design Best Practices
Understand the product design and basic how-tos• XenDesktop 7.5 eDocs
Understand the factors within your environment that influence the design• Citrix Virtual Desktop Handbook 7.x• Citrix XenDesktop 7.5 Blueprint Whitepaper
Leverage Citrix design resources• Project Accelerator
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.14
Project Accelerator http://project.citrix.com
Design
Assess
Administration Best PracticesHabits and pointers for maintaining a XenDesktop 7.5 environment
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.16
Administrative Best Practices
Take care of your XenDesktop database!
Establish a regular backup schedule
Occasionally review the size XenDesktop database transaction logs• DB growth due to VDA communication CTX139508• May be preferable to use Simple recovery mode
Do a dry run of a failover scenario
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.17
Manually redirecting your XenDesktop site to a failover database location• XenDesktop SDK PowerShell cmdlets:
Administrative Best PracticesManual failover
1. Load XenDesktop snap-ins.
2. Get the existing database connection strings.
Add-PSSnapin Citrix*
Get-LogDataStoreGet-MonitorDataStore
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.18
Manually redirecting your XenDesktop site to a failover database location• XenDesktop SDK PowerShell cmdlets:
Administrative Best PracticesManual failover
3. Set a variable for the new connection string.
4. Disable configuration logging.
$cs = "Server=sqlsrvr2012b;Initial Catalog=XD75Site;Integrated Security=True“
Set-LogSite -State Disabled
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.19
Manually redirecting your XenDesktop site to a failover database location• XenDesktop SDK PowerShell cmdlets:
Administrative Best PracticesManual failover
5. Remove all the current database connections
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.20
Set-LogDBConnection -DataStore Logging -DBConnection $nullSet-MonitorDBConnection -DataStore Monitor -DBConnection $nullSet-MonitorDBConnection -DBConnection $nullSet-AcctDBConnection -DBConnection $nullSet-ProvDBConnection -DBConnection $nullSet-BrokerDBConnection -DBConnection $nullSet-EnvTestDBConnection -DBConnection $nullSet-SfDBConnection -DBConnection $null Set-HypDBConnection -DBConnection $nullSet-ConfigDBConnection -DBConnection $null -forceSet-LogDBConnection -DBConnection $null -forceSet-AdminDBConnection -DBConnection $null -force
Administrative Best PracticesRemoving current database connections
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.21
Manually redirecting your XenDesktop site to a failover database location• XenDesktop SDK PowerShell cmdlets:
Administrative Best PracticesManual failover
5. Remove all the current database connections
6. Set all the database connections to the new connection string
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Set-ConfigDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-AdminDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-LogDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-AcctDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-BrokerDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-EnvTestDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-HypDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-MonitorDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-ProvDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-SfDBconnection -DBConnection $csSet-LogDBConnection -DataStore Logging -DBConnection $csSet-MonitorDBConnection -DataStore Monitor -DBConnection $cs
Administrative Best PracticesSetting the database connections
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.23
Manually redirecting your XenDesktop site to a failover database location• XenDesktop SDK PowerShell cmdlets:
Administrative Best PracticesManual failover
7. Re-enable configuration logging
8. For confirmation, test Broker Service connectivity
Set-LogSite -State Enabled
Test-BrokerDBConnection $(Get-BrokerDBConnection)
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.24
Administrative Best Practices
Director offers real-time assessment of a XenDesktop environment
Provides details regarding the health of the various XenDesktop components
Offers functionality for troubleshooting machines, sessions, and connections
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.25
Administrative Best PracticesPerformance Monitoring Using Director
Infrastructure health overview• Hosting alerts• Delivery Controller service,
database, & license statuses
VDA health• Failed start-ups and boots• Unregistered machines• Current load (Server OS)• Connected systems• Logon times
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Administrative Best PracticesPerformance Monitoring Using Director
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Administrative Best PracticesPerformance Monitoring Using Director
Session and connection health• Activity manager• Session details• Machine details
Troubleshooting Best PracticesTechniques for troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5 and the top three problem types
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.29
Troubleshooting Best PracticesWhen bad things happen to good environments
This is the first I’ve tried this and it’s not working.
Something changed and I didn’t do it.
Something changed and I’m the one that caused it.
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Troubleshooting Best PracticesMethodology
Investigate
Analyze
Implement
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Troubleshooting Best PracticesGathering data
XenDesktop data collection • Deliver Controller Logging
- Event logs- Controller service logging
• VDA Logging- Event logs- BrokerAgent logging- PortICA logging
• Scout- Environmental data- XDPing- CDF Tracing
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.32
Troubleshooting – Machine creationCase study: Catalog creation fails with an “unknown error” exception
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Troubleshooting – Machine creationCase study: Catalog creation fails with an “unknown error” exception
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Troubleshooting – Machine creationCase study: Catalog creation fails with an “unknown error” exception
New-ProvScheme -AdminAddress 'sw-xd75-ddc-01.get.services.citrite.net:80' -HostingUnitName 'Synergy Demo Resources' -IdentityPoolName 'Synergy Demo' -LoggingId 85ed5a85-28a4-48f6-80b9-816a6585ef45 -MasterImageVM 'XDHyp:\HostingUnits\Synergy Demo Resources\SW-VDA-W7x64-01.vm\Old Base.snapshot\Base.snapshot\VDA 7.1 RTM (Build 4033).snapshot\Citrix_XD_Synergy Demo.snapshot' -NetworkMapping @{'0'='XDHyp:\HostingUnits\Synergy Demo Resources\Happy Little VDA Network.network'} -ProvisioningSchemeName 'Synergy Demo' -RunAsynchronously -Scope @() -VMCpuCount 2 -VMMemoryMB 2048
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.35
Troubleshooting – Machine creationCase study: Catalog creation fails with an “unknown error” exception
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.36
Troubleshooting – RegistrationCase study: Recently-booted pooled VDAs are intermittently not registering
Test VDA -> Controller communication• Ping the FQDN of the Controller• Telnet to the IP address of the Controller on port 80• Review port usage on the Controller using Netstat
Test Controller -> VDA communication• Ping the FQDN of the VDA• Telnet to the IP address of the VDA on port 80• Review port usage on the VDA using Netstat
Confirm the time on both the Controller and the VDA
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.37
Troubleshooting – RegistrationCase study: Recently-booted pooled VDAs are intermittently not registering
Verify ListOfDDCs value in the registry
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.38
Troubleshooting – RegistrationCase study: Recently-booted pooled VDAs are intermittently not registering
Verify ListOfDDCs value in the registry
Use Scout / XDPing to identify issues between the VDA and Controller
Enable VDA logging / Capture CDF traces
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.39
Troubleshooting – ConnectionCase study: Workstation VDA connection fails with no error
Desktop Viewer is loading• Request is made to the Delivery Controller• ICA file is received• Connection attempt to the VDA is being made
Gathered VDA CDF traces to review for potential cause
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.40
Troubleshooting – ConnectionCase study: Workstation VDA connection fails with no error
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.41
Troubleshooting – ConnectionCase study: Workstation VDA connection fails with no error
Dynamic memory settings• Hyper-V Startup memory
- 32-bit: ≥1.5 GB- 64-bit: ≥2.5 GB
Next StepsBest Practices for Implementing, Administering, and Troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.43
Resources XenDesktop 7.5 eDocs – http://
support.citrix.com/proddocs/topic/xenapp-xendesktop/cds-xenapp-xendesktop-75-landing.html
Virtual Desktop Handbook 7.x – http://support.citrix.com/article/CTX139331
XenDesktop 7.5 Blueprint Whitepaper – http://www.citrix.com/content/dam/citrix/en_us/documents/products-solutions/xendesktop-deployment-blueprint.pdf
Project Accelerator – http://project.citrix.com/
XenDesktop 7.x Database Sizing – http://support.citrix.com/article/CTX139508
Citrix Blog: “New” Citrix Best Practices – http://blogs.citrix.com/2014/01/02/new-citrix-best-practices/
Q&ABest Practices for Implementing, Administering, and Troubleshooting XenDesktop 7.5
© 2014 Citrix. Confidential.45
WORK BETTER. LIVE BETTER.