INTERFACES

CIID 2013Exploring Biomimetic InterfacesGabriella Levine + Genevieve Hoffman

INTERFACES

What is an interface?

POINT OF INTERACTION

An action should yield a result

TOOLS VS. INTERFACES A tool addresses human needs by

amplifying human capabilities. - Bret

Victor

TOOLS VS. INTERFACES An interface is the layer between

an input and an output, the interpretation between two systems

THE LAYER BETWEEN:

INFORMATIONACTIONSDATAMOTIONCHEMICAL PHYSICAL MECHANICAL PROCESS

INFORMATIONACTIONSDATAMOTIONCHEMICAL PHYSICAL MECHANICAL PROCESS

WHAT IS AN INTERFACE?

JIM CAMPBELL’S COMPUTER ART DIAGRAM

JIM CAMPBELL’S LED INSTALLATIONS

PHYSICAL INTERFACES

PHYSICAL INTERFACES

PHYSICAL INTERFACES

GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

TANGIBLE USER INTERFACE

Link to Video

TANGIBLE USER INTERFACE

WEARABLE USER INTERFACE

WEARABLE USER INTERFACE

WEARABLE USER INTERFACE

AffordancesAFFORDANCES

A common understanding of how an item should be used.

AffordancesAFFORDANCES

Affordances

Don Norman, The Design of Everyday Objects: video

AFFORDANCES

Affordances as Vestigial Qualities in Product Design

AFFORDANCES vs STANDARDS

Vestigial qualities of designed products?

Smart Interfaces

“SMART INTERFACES”

Smart Interfaces

“SMART INTERFACES”

SKEUMORPHISMDesigning digital interfaces to

resemble their analog or physical precursors.

WHAT IS A BIOMIMETIC INTERFACE?

CELL MEMBRANE - OSMOSIS

ALVIOLI - RESPIRATION

LEAF - PHOTOSYNTHESIS

GECKO FEET

PHYSICAL PHYSICAL

DIGITAL DIGITAL

PHYSICAL DIGITAL

PERSONAL PERSONAL

PERSONAL OBJECT

OBJECT OBJECT

WORLD INTERNET

Sends and Receives Data

Analog Interfaces

Human - Computer InterfacesKeyboardMouseTouchscreenKinect

VisibilityDesigned objects should have visible cues to hint at how they are supposed to work.

What are biomimetic examples of visual cues that reference how animals move, or plants grow? which direction plant leaves face - in order to maximize the amount of sunlight, etc.

Norman calls it "natural design"

MaterialityWhat materials lend themselves to different applications?

Is the future Touch Screens?

Feedback Loop from Wired Article Provide people with information about their actions in real time (or something close to it), then give them an opportunity to change those actions, pushing them toward better behaviors. Action, information, reaction.

A feedback loop involves four distinct stages. First comes the data: A behavior must be measured, captured, and stored. This is the evidence stage. Second, the information must be relayed to the individual, not in the raw-data form in which it was captured but in a context that makes it emotionally resonant. This is the relevance stage. But even compelling information is useless if we don’t know what to make of it, so we need a third stage: consequence. The information must illuminate one or more paths ahead. And finally, the fourth stage: action. There must be a clear moment when the individual can recalibrate a behavior, make a choice, and act. Then that action is measured, and the feedback loop can run once more, every action stimulating new behaviors that inch us closer to our goals.

Norbert Wiener expanded on this work in the 1940s, devising the field of cybernetics, which analyzed how feedback loops operate in machinery and electronics and explored how those principles might be broadened to human systems.The true power of feedback loops is not to control people but to give them control. The ideal feedback loop gives us an emotional connection to a rational goal.

Types of Interaction1 - to - 1: A direct input yields a specific output