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CHAPTER 8: CHAPTER 8: ASPECTS OF CONNECTED ASPECTS OF CONNECTED SPEECH SPEECH Compiled by Compiled by vanyendao vanyendao .k7.Eng.hvu .k7.Eng.hvu

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Page 1: Chapter 8   aspect of connected speech

CHAPTER 8:CHAPTER 8:

ASPECTS OF CONNECTED ASPECTS OF CONNECTED

SPEECHSPEECH

Compiled byCompiled by vanyendao vanyendao.k7.Eng.hvu.k7.Eng.hvu

Page 2: Chapter 8   aspect of connected speech

RHYTHM1

ASSIMILATION2

ELISION3

LINKING4

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1. RHYTHM

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1. RHYTHM1. RHYTHM

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Rhythm of heart-beat

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THE RHYTHMTHE RHYTHM

1.1 Definition:

Rhythm is an event happening at regular internals of time

1.2 The rhythm: The rhythm of speech is the regular occurrence of stressed

syllable at regular internals of time

Example: 1. He ar’rived ‘six o’clock

2. ‘Walk ‘down to the ‘path to the 'end of the ca’nal.

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Unit of rhythm (Foot)

Stressed syllable +

unstressed syllable

EnglishRhythm

Stress-time rhythm

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2. ASSIMILATION2. ASSIMILATION

2.1 Definition:

Assimilation is the change in pronunciation of a phoneme under the influence of its surrounding sounds.

Ex: 1. news /njuz/ but newspaper /nju/njusspeipə/peipə/

2. 2. This year / ðij jiə/

3. Want to / wɔnə/

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2.2 Types of assimilation2.2 Types of assimilation

Assimilation

Direction of changeConsonant can

change

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In term of direction of change

• Regressive assimilation: The phoneme that comes first is affected by the one that

comes after it. Example: This year / ðij jiə /, bright color /braik kalə/ light blue /laip blu/.

• Progressive assimilation:Progressive assimilation: The phoneme that comes first affects the one that comes

after it. Example: those year / ðəʊʒ jiə

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In the terms of consonant change

CONSONANTCONSONANTCHANGECHANGE

ASSIMILATIONPLACE OF

ARTICULATION

ASSIMILATIONMANNER

ASSIMILATIONOF VOICE

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Assimilation of place of Assimilation of place of articulationarticulation

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Assimilation of place of Assimilation of place of articulationarticulation

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Assimilation of place of Assimilation of place of articulationarticulation

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Assimilation of place of Assimilation of place of articulationarticulation

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Assimilation of mannerAssimilation of manner

• Only regressive assimilation of alveolar consonant

NoteNote: /ð/ follow a plosive or nasal at the end of a preceding word Eg: get them /get ðəm/ →→ /gettəm/ in the /in ðə/ → → /inn/innə/

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Assimilation of voiceAssimilation of voice

eg: I like that black dogeg: I like that black dog / ai laik ðæt blæk dɔg/ → / ai laig ðæd blæg dɔg/

• Only regressive assimilation of voice

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3. Elision3. Elision

• Definition Elision is the case of a sound realized as zero in

casual, rapid speech.• There can be vowel elision and consonant

elision. Example: vowel: tonight /tnait/ consonant: eight tins /eitins/

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Rules of elisionRules of elision

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Rules of elisionRules of elision

c. Avoidance of complex consonant cluster:

d. Loss of /v/ in “ofof” before consonant

Example:

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Weak form

Auxiliary verbs

 Strong  Weak

do du: də

are ɑ: ə(r)*

was wɔz wəz

were w3:r wə

would Wud wəd

could Kud kəd

should ∫ud

kæn

∫əd

can kən

must mʌst məs(t)

  Strong Weak

Prepositions

   

to tu: tə

for fɔ:(r) fə(r)

from frɔm frəm

into Intu: Intə

of ov ə(v)

as æz əz

at æt ət

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4. LinkingLinking is the phenomenon where words or sounds are linked together. There are 5 basic rules of linking. Rules of linking:

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Rules of linking

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4. Linking

* Note: Sometimes listeners have ambiguity in meaning with other words.

Example:

/maitrein/: my train or might rain

/aiskri:m/: Ice –cream or I scream

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Thank you…!!!

Group 7

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Created by:

VanyendaoVanyendao

K7 – English. Hungvuong K7 – English. Hungvuong universityuniversity