Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Strengthening the Sustainable Development Goals with
Open Access and Open ScienceChallenges and Opportunities
Webinar in conjunction with the e-forum on "Sustainable Development Goals: The Impact of Access to Information on our Societies". Sept. 15, 2015
Leslie ChanUniversity of Toronto Scarborough
Agenda
• Personal background and conceptual approaches to Open Access and Open Science
• SDGs, the good and the bad• Specific links between the SDGs and Open
Science and Open Access • Policy considerations
Centre
OPEN ACCESS ?
Could Open Access change the current power structure of global scientific production and dissemination?
Periphery
Periphery
open access creates the potential for new spaces for collaboration and co-creation of knowledge
Openness as a means to development
What is the nature of “openness” and its linkage to innovations for public goods and how can this understanding help formulate and support enabling policies?
Meanings of Openness• Free of cost barriers• Free of permission barriers• Free to share and re-use• Rights to Research, meaning the rights to
participate in knowledge production and meaning making• Inclusive Participation (beyond expertise)• Equitable Collaboration • Promote Cognitive justice
“The right to science envisages the scientific and technological endeavor as a process that every person is entitled to participate in—a collective and collaborative process that can help to unite a frequently fragmented world.”
Lea Shaver, The Right to Science and Culture. 2010 WISC. L. REV. 121 (2010)
Open and Collaborative Science in Development Network
Funding:
Coordination
http://www.ocsdnet.org @ocsdnet
A proposition that open models and peer-based production, enabled by pervasive network technologies, non-market based incentive structures and alternative licensing regimes, could result in greater participation, access and collaboration across different social and economic sectors.
This call for:• Diverse empirical research on “openness” across
disciplinary boundaries • Development of rich conceptual frameworks that
acknowledge the diversity of knowledge production, forms of representations, and legitimation • Understanding principles of technical and social
interoperability and the supporting institutional structures• Rethinking on funding support and incentive structures• Policy Alignment between funders and development
organizations
Open Science as Inclusive Science• Could OCS thinking and practices lead to a
more inclusive view of knowledge production and legitimation?
• What kind of tools, standards, infrastructure, institutions and policies would need to be created or adapted to enable OCS and equal participation of researchers from marginalized regions?
• The network is supporting 12 sub-projects with researchers from 15 countries
• 3 projects from Sub-Saharan Africa, 1 from the Middle East, 1 from the Caribbean, 4 from Latin America, and 3 from South, East and Central Asia
• Diverse topics: citizen science, open hardware, open data, IP policy, climate change, food security, public health, indigenous knowledge, sociology of science…
OpenScience
Doing Science Openly& Collaboratively
Open Data
Open Access
Overarching Framework: Governance and Sustainability ?
Practice Principles Policy
Knowledge as a Public Good
Knowing Differently
Inclusion
Innovation
Funding
Infrastructure
Intellectual Property
Incentive
Rights to Researchfor Social Justice
The Sustainable Development Goals
http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/ng-interactive/2015/jan/19/sustainable-development-goals-changing-world-17-steps-interactive
Build resilient infrastructure,
promote inclusive and sustainable
industrialisation and foster innovation
End poverty in all its forms
everywhere
Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for
sustainable development, provide
access to justice for all and build effective,
accountable and inclusive institutions
at all levels
Build resilient infrastructure,
promote inclusive and sustainable
industrialisation and foster innovation
End poverty in all its forms
everywhere
Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for
sustainable development, provide
access to justice for all and build effective,
accountable and inclusive institutions
at all levels
Knowledge Infrastructure
Knowledge Poverty
Cognitive Justice and
Rights to Research
The Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA)
The World of Scientific Output According to Thomson’s ISI Science Citation Index
Data from 2002http://www.worldmapper.org/display.php?selected=205
The Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA)
How much of the research output from Africa are relevant to the problems faced by Africans?
The need to build robust and scalable Knowledge Infrastructures to support open research practices and data sharing
“Knowledge infrastructures are complex ecologies, adapting continuously to local and global conditions and to changes in technology, policy, and stakeholders”
Borgman, C. L., Darch, P. T., Sands, A. E., Pasquetto, I. V., Golshan, M. S., Wallis, J. C., & Traweek, S. (2015). Knowledge infrastructures in science: data, diversity, and digital libraries. International Journal on Digital Libraries, 16(3-4), 207–227. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-015-0157-z
National governments must commit to supporting science and development locally
PLOS Biology | DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002204 July 23, 2015
If effective steps to secure the permanence of e-infrastructures are not taken soon, we will risk having biological data, which are currently organized and made available globally, once again inaccessible. In the case of Brazil, speciesLink is in immediate peril of disappearing. Brazil is one of the most diverse countries in the planet [18], holding ~19% of all existing plant species [19]; thus, speciesLink is not only of interest to Brazilian people and government anymore but has acquired importance in the global scenario as well. Not only will the hundreds of thousands of users of this system miss this crucial research and policy infrastructure, but the social scientific network linked to the e-infrastructure may lose strength.
Centre
Open Science
What kind of Knowledge Infrastructures do we need to support truly universal Open Science?
Periphery
Periphery
Global Knowledge Commons
Walled Garden
OpenScience
Doing Science Openly& Collaboratively
Open Data
Open Access
Overarching Framework: Governance and Sustainability ?
Practice Principles Policy
Knowledge as a Public Good
Knowing Differently
Inclusion
Innovation
Funding
Infrastructure
Intellectual Property
Incentive
Rights to Researchfor Social Justice
