Cctv presentation

CCTV (CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION)

Closed-circuit television (CCTV) is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors. It differs from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point to point (P2P), point to multipoint, or mesh wireless links.

Why Use CCTV CCTV should not be perceived as a magic wand for preventing crime - it is just another crime

prevention tool from a long list available to a business. There are many reasons why CCTV is the most cost effective security solution. In our experience we have found that most businesses suffer from the same few security problems.

-.

Industrial

Safety

Premises Monitoring Theft

Shop Lifting Monitoring of high secured Zone

Monitoring of Public Areas

Worker Management

Staff Collusion Staff Protection

Car Park Security Deterrence Etc ……

Why Use CCTV Statistics point to major reductions in the amount of crime being committed where there are cameras installed. An

article in 'New Scientist' magazine showed that simply installing a system can reduce crime, in the areas covered, by over 95%.

Generally, once a Camera system is installed, it will only be fools who attempt to perpetrate offences within its field of view. These are often caught but for the majority it will provide a very high level of deterrence. A professionally installed camera system can reduce shoplifting by up to 90%.

Most people considering the installation of a CCTV system have the main objective of trying to prevent crime

A properly installed and managed CCTV system can dramatically reduce crime levels. Drops as high as 90% have been recorded where a highly visible CCTV system has been installed in certain locations, i.e. in shopping centers and car parks

In small to medium-sized businesses, CCTV cameras acts as a deterrent. However, the initial cost and complexity of good quality systems have been barriers for many businesses. The cost of equipment has fallen steadily over the years. Today, good quality systems can be much cheaper and still provide exceptional operational simplicity

Components of CCTV System

Analog System Camera

DVR

Hard Disk for recording

Wiring – for Video - Coaxial or CAT 5(with video balun)

Wiring – for power (not required iv video balun is used)

Power Supply

Connector – BNC or RJ45 (in case of video balun)

Components of CCTV System

IP System Camera

NVR with video analytics

Hard Disk raid enable.

Wiring – for Video – CAT 5/CAT 5E / CAT6

Wiring – for power

Power Supply not required if POE switch used

Switch / POE switch in case of POE used

Connector – RJ45

System Consideration

Environment

&

Requirement

Recording System

Camera Selection

Network Topology

Recording Software

Storage

Camera Selection

Outdoor

vs. Indoor

Day and

Night

Surveillanc

e

Lens

Selection

Camera

Form

Factor

Video

Codec

Motion

detection

POE (only

for IP) /

Power

source

Wireless Viewing

Outdoor Indoor

Enclosure + Indoor Camera

Weather proof

Vandal proof

Heater

Vandal proof

Camera Selection

Day Surveillance ?Day and Night Surveillance?

Day & Night Camera

Removable

IR cut filter

Lens Selection

Lighting Condition

Auto-Iris WDR Fixed Iris

Outdoor

lightingChallenging

lighting

Indoor

lighting

Video showing effect of WDR

Type of camera and their Use

Dome CameraDome cameras typically are best choices whenever possible

When the camera is within someone’s reach domes cannot be easily manipulated or vandalized

Domes Installs easy in drop ceilings – usually 2 screws

Since a dome has a covered lens the direction the camera is pointing is hidden

Dome can accommodate infra-red for night vision

Dome are not always weather proof camera so these are not suited for outside peripherals.

As the dome camera themselves are typically small the lens size are limited, Although some dome camera comes with vari-focal lens but the size are limited


Box CameraBox camera are to be considered when

When mounting to a wall or any vertical area

When viewing distance where a long lens is required which would not fit inside a dome or bullet camera

When extreme low light (moon light, or a very far street light) are not a consideration

Box camera comes with WDR and Day Night technology

Can incorporate various lens like Auto IRIS, Manual IRIS and Fixed IRIS etc.

Requires a housing for weather proofing and vandal proofing

When considering this camera accessories like lens, housing, stand etc are to be considered


Infra Red or IR Bullet CameraIR Bullet camera are to be considered when

When the lights are extremely low or pitch dark

When the camera are not within someone reach

The distance infra red can see are based upon its illumination capacity. Infra red camera have LED which cast out into darkness.

The biggest disadvantage of Infra red led do have a limited life and led burns out in some time.

When ever a infra red led is illuminated it turns the picture to black and white hence reducing the ability of recognition.

These came have an advantage of in build IP 66 rated housing and comes with stand.

How Infra red camera effects night Image


Pan Tilt & Zoom or PTZ cameraPTZ camera are to be considered when

Best suited for patrol duty and open area application – Like border, Airport, Parking lot etc.

When we want live control of the camera and adjusting the manual pan, tilt or zoom on a fixed camera is not practical

When a tour of the premises is required.

When several angle is required to be viewed from a single camera

The cost of a PTZ camera can varies 5-10 times of a fixed camera

PTZ camera cannot see or record area where it is not looking.

Demo Video for PTZ Camera

Demo Video for PTZ Camera

Lens Comparison

To better understand let us first look at this photograph

Lens Comparison

To better understand let us first look at this photograph

Lens Comparison

Type of Lens

There are 2 types of

lenses:

Fixed

Varifocal

Fixed Lens

Fixed lens are those lenses Where lens size doesn’t change, all we can do is focus, we cant zoom in or zoom out

Common sizes are

12mm

08mm

06mm

04mm

3.6mm

2.8mm

Varifocal Lens

In Varifocal lens size can be changed during the installation process & Zoom in and Zoom out is possible

Common Sizes available are

2.5mm~8mm

3.0mm~12mm

5.0mm~50mm

Focal length can be adjusted by 3 methods: * Manual (No Cable)

To be used only indoors and where the lighting condition is always the same

* Auto Iris (With a Cable)Adjusts automatically to allow more or less light to be received by the CCD Chip in the Camera

Motor Zoom (With cable and & telemetry receiver is needed)To be found mostly with Pant and Tilt systems, The zoom & Focus can be manually controlled

How Camera Works

IP and Analog Pros and Cons

To better understand let us view some video which can

differentiate between IP and analog video technology

IP and Analog Pros and Cons

IP Camera Analog Camera

Video Quality Better as Megapixel TVL lines / Interlace

Play Back zoom Megapixel no issue will pixilate

Cable Infrastructure Can Use existing networking cable Legacy cabling

Cable Distance

Need switch if distance more than 80 meter 80 meter of standard coaxial

for longer OFC is recommended 150 meter on RG 6

till 3000 meter using video balun

Video Transmission Requires a good amount of bandwidth No network issue

Fault tolerance in case of network failure the whole system can go down Limited to failure of individual component

Security Data Encrypted at camera so threat minimum Data Encryption done at DVR so less secure system

Maintenance Required Skilled IT Staff Any body can Manage

No of camera

Less compared to Analog as more compared to IP

Megapixel camera have more FOV

See video

Wireless Very easily compatible but bandwidth is a issue Have to use convertor

Installation Required some skilled manpower Little to do network so anybody can do

Compatibility Compatibility of camera and NVR will require some research Any camera is compatible with DVR

Scalability Very easy only plug and play will require May require additional hardware

Cost about 5 times Analog about 1/5 cost of IP

Why no of camera will be lesser in IP as compared to

Analog

`IP cameras are megapixel camera and hence can give a broader and

panoramic view which 3 analog camera combine cannot provide.

Some camera manufacturer have manufacture special IP camera which

can give a 360 degree view

The following two videos will be self explainable

Using a IP camera can reduce several analog camera

`

Fish Eye Camera

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Wiring Types

Given below are the various type of wiring possible in

IP and Analog Technology

Wiring Types

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