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Scrum ideals call for a team to be colocated,and with members in close proximity to each other. However, the reality is that many teams and organizations already have, and continue to have, a distributed component, with the team members partially or permanently located apart from each other. How to make this arrangement work? Is it still Scrum?Silvana Wasitova
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20102009
Genève 20119 mai
xpday.ch
« Overcoming Distances: Scrum withDistributed Teams »
Silvana Wasitova
- C1 -
! Service ! Knowledge ! Result
Overcoming Distances: Scrum with Distributed Teams
9 May 2011 Silvana Wasitova
2
Intro
To Do Doing Done
Case Study, Result
Best Practices
?
A little bit about me
Waterfall
Scrum
At
4
Scrum Framework Summary
! Product Owner ! Team ! Scrum Master
5
! Product Planning ! Sprint Planning ! Scrum ! Sprint Review ! Retrospective
! Product Backlog ! Sprint Backlog ! Potentialy
Shippable Product ! Burndown Charts
Cardinal Rule: Work on the highest priority item first
Scrum Framework
6
www.projectcartoon.com
Communication Modes
http://www.agilemodeling.com/essays/communication.htm 8
© Silvana Wasitova
VersionOne Survey 2009
Ref: http://www.versionone.com/pdf/2009_State_of_Agile_Development_Survey_Results.pdf
Ref: Jim Johnson, Chairman of Standish Group, quoted in 2006 in: http://www.infoq.com/articles/Interview-Johnson-Standish-CHAOS Sample: government and commercial organizations, no vendors, suppliers or consultants
11 © Itecor all rights reserved
64% implemented features are rarely or never used
Focusing on customer needs ensures: ! the right features are built ! not wasting effort (and resources)
on features that are not needed
While the figures may vary by company, principle remains: Only build the features that the client/users need
12
Intro
To Do Doing Done
Case Study, Result
Best Practices
?
Case Study
Paris 11
Grenoble 4
Munich 4 London 4
Madrid 1
Milan 1
US, Ireland
India
Rolland Garros
February
Schedule Highlights
January April May June March
Rugby 6 Nations Wimbledon
TDF
Euro Paris-Dakar Tour de France
Moto GP Golf, Athletics, Cycling Basketball
Boxing Horse Racing Snooker Hockey
FOOT: Olympic Games qualifiers World Cup qualifiers
Challenges
! Team Size ! Geographic Distribution ! Timezone difference ! Keen stakeholders ! Agressive deliverables schedule
15 © Itecor all rights reserved
16
Intro
To Do Doing Done
Case Study, Result
Best Practices
?
Phone, Chat, Email
• Headset; Mute button, full duplex • Speaker phone, satellite microphones Phone
• Real time, informal, up-to-date status notes • Always on, always monitored at each location Chat
• Webcam, Video Conferencing • Low-res is better than nothing Video
• Do you see what I see Screen Sharing
• Collaborative site, actively used • Info radiator and repository Wiki
Can you hear me now?
Minimum delays!
Use several modes
Planes, Trains and Automobiles
! Release Planning ! Product Backlog ! Sprint Planning
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As much as budget & time allows: meet in person
Telephone, Tele-presence
19 © Itecor all rights reserved
“Off-site” persons get priority: speaking, bringing up concerns
! Easy to “lose connection” with persons off-site
! Easy to hand-signal those on-site ! If unsure, ask to repeat/clarify
Tell – a - person
Photo courtesy J. Vonlanthen
Scrum Best Practice
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! Daily Standup: 15 minute limit ! With this setup,
and this many people? Salut
Gruβ
Hello
Guten tag
Bonjour
Hola Dobry den
Konichiwa
Hiyya Bongiorno
Good Morning Everybody
Building Trust
! Spend time getting to know each other ! Do what you say ! Go the extra mile ! Be “their” advocate,
act on “their” behalf ! Teamwork
21
Team Dynamics
Four stages of team formation: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing
22 © Itecor all rights reserved
Awareness of Motivation, Personalities ! Maslow hierarchy of needs ! Theory X and Y ! Myers-Briggs - MBTI
! INTJ – Don’t change *my plan*, there will be consequences!
Remote “Team Building” and “Having Fun”
23 © Itecor all rights reserved
Alternatives to lunch or bowling together:
! Arrive early at conf. calls ! Get (a bit) personal ! Share pictures ! Joke and tease
Treat all equally well
Build Rapport
! Be approachable make it your job to build the bridge of rapport
! Care about them spend time talking about their interests and activities
! Support them in things that don’t directly benefit you time to hang out, without “talking shop”
! Ask them what they think
24 Initiate the conversation
You’re only talking about Communication!
! Risk #1 for software projects is: communication ! People working large distances/timezones away:
More challenges to communication ! Different languages, different cultures ! Absence of continuous face-to-face communication
25 © Itecor all rights reserved
Yes, Virginia, there is a communication-clause
Apply Distribution to Scrum Teams?
! 57% respondents work with distributed teams ! 41% respondents currently, or plan to,
do agile with outsourced development.
! The agile ideal of co-locating the entire team in a single room is at odds with what’s actually going on within a large part of the software development community.
! Success rate for co-located team (in same room) is over 20% higher than for geographically distributed team
26
VersionOne “State of Agile Development”, 2008 Survey, n=3061
Why use Distributed Teams?
! Development Cost ! Talent Availability ! 24/7 around the globe ! Closer to customer ! Market Opportunity ! Flex-time
27 © Itecor all rights reserved
50% of US workforce can be mobile on any given day. Total Employee Mobility® Benchmarking Report, Runzheimer International, October 2008
Why use Agile Philosphy?
• Frequent product delivery • Transparency: daily standup • Collaboration: developers and
customers • Regular reviews with Customer & PO • Strip-off non-essentials • Retrospective: Continuous improvement
28 © Itecor all rights reserved
Adapt to Change
Hyper-productive Distributed team
http://jeffsutherland.com/SutherlandFullyDistributedScrumXebiaAgile2008.pdf
29 © Itecor all rights reserved
Extreme Success Jeff Sutherland re. Xebia: 1. “Home Team” start scrum: 3 wks prep, 2 x 2wk sprints 2. Collocate home and off-shore team, 3 x 2wk sprints 3. Achieve co-located hyperproductivity 4. Achieve hyperproductivity from two locations;
one Product Backlog fed 4 Sprint Backlogs
Xebia delivers 7x Function Points over industry average waterfall teams
Visual Tools: information sharing in distributed environment
! Skype ! Acrobat Connect ! MS Communicator ! myATT / Interwise ! Time-lapse pictures ! Video-streaming; “Always On” (within legal limits)
30 © Itecor all rights reserved
What is a Distributed Team?
31 © Itecor all rights reserved
Agile in 3D
Virtual World Interaction
32 © Itecor all rights reserved
You just knew this was next…
Agile in 3D worlds brings teams closer to face-to-face Aug 2010 – Lessons from Second Life Avatars -
http://itknowledgeexchange.techtarget.com/software-quality/agile-in-3d-worlds-brings-teams-closer-to-face-to-face/
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZxOT1fEB8U TELEPLACE or AgileZen (Rally)
35
Passionate team members, driven by common purpose can overcome any obstacles
Build Trust
! Spend time getting to know each other ! Do what you say ! Go the extra mile ! Be “their” advocate,
act on “their” behalf ! Work as a team
37
How much do you trust each other?
Silvana Wasitova, PMP, CSM, CSP
39
Itecor.com Vevey, Switzerland
[email protected] +41 79 558 05 09
slideshare.com/wasitova
40
Intro
To Do Doing Done
Case Study, Result
?
Best Practices
41
References ! Guido Schoonheim and Jeff Sutherland - Aug 2010 – “Mind the Gap! Principles of Hyperproductive fully Distributed
Scrum” ! Jeff Sutherland - SirsiDynix - Agile with Outsourced Teams 2007 - http://jeffsutherland.com/
SutherlandFullyDistributedScrumSirsiDynixHICSS2007 ! Jeff Sutherland - Xebia - Agile 2008 - http://jeffsutherland.com/SutherlandFullyDistributedScrumXebiaAgile2008.pdf ! Yves Hanoulle, http://www.hanoulle.be/2009/10/how-to-work-with-a-whiteboard-with-a-distributed-team/ ! Henrik Kniberg, “Scrum and XP From the Trenches” ! Cory Foy, Aug 2010 Distributed Teams Tools and Techniques:
Blog: http://blog.coryfoy.com/2010/08/technically-distributed-tools-and-techniques-for-distributed-teams/ , Slides http://www.slideshare.net/CoryFoy/technically-distributed-tools-and-techniques-for-distributed-teams
! Scott Ambler – The Distributed Team, Oct 2007 http://searchsoftwarequality.techtarget.com/news/article/0,289142,sid92_gci1277064,00.html
! Chris Christensen, Managing Virtual Projects, 2006 - http://www.camcinc.com/library/Managing%20Virtual%20Projects.pdf
! “The State of Agile Development” 2008 Survey by VersionOne http://www.versionone.com/pdf/3rdAnnualStateOfAgile_FullDataReport.pdf
! Employee Mobility® Benchmarking Report, Runzheimer International, 2008 ! Alistair Cockburn, Agile Software Development ! A Practical Guide to Distributed Scrum, IBM Agile Community - http://www.distributedscrum.com ! IBM – Using Scrum to Complement Organizational Transformation
http://www.distributedscrum.com/downloads/Transformation20100810.pdf ! Microsoft, Ade Miller, Distributed Agile Development at Microsoft, October 2008 ! Craig Larman & Bas Vodde, Scaling Lean & Agile Development: Successful Large, Multisite & Offshore Products with
Large-Scale Scrum, Addison-Wesley Professional, ISBN 0321480961 ! Mobile Companies Finish First – Why Being Out Is In, Runzheimer International, November 2008 ! http://www.scrumalliance.org/articles/165-scrum-success-in-a-distributed-team-environment 42
More References ! Elizabeth Woodward, IBM - A Practical Guide to Distributed Scrum
Video Interview: http://itknowledgeexchange.techtarget.com/software-quality/elizabeth-woodward-face-to-face-communication-is-biggest-challenge-with-distributed-scrum/
! Mike Cohn http://blog.mountaingoatsoftware.com/build-trust-between-teams-with-ambassadors ! Salesforce - Kerievsky & Dourambeis, Large Scale & Distributed Agile http://agile2010.agilealliance.org/distributed ! Bland, 7 Ways to Humanize Distributed Teams, Aug 2010, http://agile.dzone.com/news/7-ways-humanize-distributed ! Bland, Distributed ScrumMasters and the art of digital facilitation, Aug 2010, http://www.slideshare.net/7thpixel/
distributed-scrum-masters-d-bland-agile2010 ! Agile in 3D – Aug 2010:
! Bill Krebs – Virtual Worlds - Lessons from “Second Life” Avatars - http://itknowledgeexchange.techtarget.com/software-quality/agile-in-3d-worlds-brings-teams-closer-to-face-to-face/
! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZxOT1fEB8U ! Todd Olson, Visualization Tool: AgileZen (from Rally Software) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DcMEphXdwnY ! Virtual World using Teleplace - http://www.teleplace.com/products/index.php
! http://www.agile2010.org/scale.html ! Kent Beck, Tools for Agility, http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=AE7E07E8-0872-47C4-
B1E7-2C1DE7FACF96 ! Thushara Wijewardena Aug 2010, “Why You Suck at Offshoring, Even with Agile – View from the Other Side”
Video of interview With Dave Prior – 17 mins - http://www.blip.tv/file/3273357?utm_source=player_embedded ! Scaling Agile in distributed environment - http://www.agileindia.org/scalingdistributedagilebythomas ! The Drexler Sibbet Team Performance Model
! http://www.grove.com/site/ourwk_gm_tp.html ! http://www.robertmcneil.com/pages/pages/dsmodel.html
! The Four Agreements – Don Miguel Ruiz http://intjforum.com/showthread.php?t=22045
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Photo Credits
44
p.7 Flickr, Yahoo team; Flickr, by blackdood
p.18 Beijing Olympics Stadium, Clive Rose, Getty Images
p.21 Beer: psdgraphics.com, Working Lunch, Silvana Wasitova
p.22 Jonas vonLanthen, used with permission
p.32 SecondLife.com
p.36 Rowing team: J.D. Photography
45 © Itecor all rights reserved