Bristol Ict Workshop2

March 2009

Bristol Green ICT WorkshopDave ZammitNeil Evans

1Bristol ICT Carbon Footprint

The Camco Group is an international leader in identifying opportunities and providing solutions to carbon risk.


Introductions


Agenda

Setting the scene

Bristol ICT carbon footprint

Activity A – your Green ICT progress

Green ICT database and case studies

Activity B – Group discussions on blockers/enablers and shared experiences with Green ICT

Where next?


Objectives

1. To inform attendees about the Bristol ICT project, Bristol’s ICT footprint, and what BCC and Connecting Bristol are planning on doing to tackle this as a specific climate change issue for the city

2. To discuss the range of Green ICT measures that exist and their potential for saving energy, carbon and costs

3. To understand the extent to which Green ICT measures have already been implemented

4. To understand what the barriers are to implementing these measures across Bristol and how BCC and Connecting Bristol can help


The Carbon Trustand theLow Carbon Cities Programme


Climate Change Update

Figure SPM.11. Global CO2 emissions for 1940 to 2000 and emissions ranges for categories of stabilisation scenarios from 2000 to 2100 (left-hand panel); and the corresponding relationship between the stabilisation target and the likely equilibrium global average temperature increase above pre-industrial (right-hand panel). Approaching equilibrium can take several centuries, especially for scenarios with higher levels of stabilisation. Coloured shadings show stabilisation scenarios grouped according to different targets (stabilisation category I to VI). Right-hand panel shows ranges of global average temperature change above pre-industrial, using (i) “best estimate” climate sensitivity of 3°C (black line in middle of shaded area), (ii) upper bound of likely range of climate sensitivity of 4.5°C (red line at top of shaded area) (iii) lower bound of likely range of climate sensitivity of 2°C (blue line at bottom of shaded area). Black dashed lines in the left panel give the emissions range of recent baseline scenarios published since the SRES (2000). Emissions ranges of the stabilisation scenarios comprise CO2-only and multigasscenarios and correspond to the 10th-90th percentile of the full scenario distribution. Note: CO2 emissions in most models do not include emissions from decay of above ground biomass that remains after logging and deforestation, and from peat fires and drained peat soils. {Figure 5.1}

CO2 emissions and equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels


Met Office Hadley Centre

The ten warmest years on record have occurred since 1997. Globaltemperatures for 2000-2008 now stand almost 0.2 °C warmer than the average for the decade 1990–1999.



Arctic Ocean Diversity (Arcod)

“Hansen points out that when temperatures increased to between 2 and 3 degrees above today's level 3.5 million years ago sea levels rose by 25m, not the 59cm being predicted by the IPCC” Refers to James Hansen, Nasa

It has been clear for some time that greenhouse gas emissions have been accelerating at a rate higher than even the worst-case emissions scenarios used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in the 2007 report.



Climate Change Act 2008

•Legally binding targets: • GHG emission reductions of at least 80% by 2050

• CO2 emission reductions of at least 26% by 2020

•Carbon budgeting system• Caps emissions over five year periods

• The first three carbon budgets will run from 2008-12, 2013-17 and 2018-22

•Committee on Climate Change• A new independent, expert body to advise Government

• Annual reports to Parliament on the UK’s progress towards targets and budgets

The Policy


Climate Change UpdateThe Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC)

•Mandatory auction based emissions “cap & trade” scheme

•Designed to be revenue neutral• Auction revenues recycled back to participants based on their baseline (”footprint”) emissions

and scaled by their actual emissions and position in “league table”

•Aimed at large organisations not covered by CCA & EU ETS• Business & public sector

•Designed to have a “light touch” administration

•Administered by Environment Agency

•Final guidelines due out end March ?


The Bristol ICTCarbon Footprint


ScopeThe scope covers all non-domestic ICT use within the Bristol City authority area.

PCs:workstations, laptops,

desktops, monitors

Emission producing activity w ithin boundary

Emission producing activity outside boundary

Legend

Peripherals:Printers, MFDs, Speakers

and Scanners

IT services:data centres and servers,

storage, cooling

Telecoms devices: Mobile desktop phones

TVs, video equipment, audio devices and other

electronic

embodied carbon of ICT equipment


Sector BreakdownBristol's Techno-footprint by Sector

5% 2%14%

2%

34%

38%

5%

Manufacturing ConstructionDistribution, Hotels and Restaurants Transport and CommunicationsFinance, IT other business activities Public admin, education & HealthOther Services

67,258£10,771,348125,248,234Total

Carbon Emissions

(t/CO2)

Energy Expense

(£)

Energy Consumption

(KWh)


Sector Breakdown

3,114498,6895,798,704Manufacturing

1,513242,2732,817,124Construction

9,1721,468,94817,080,790Distribution, Hotels and Restaurants

1,201192,3212,236,287Transport and Communications

22,8103,652,94542,476,102Finance, IT other business activities

25,9854,161,39748,388,341Public admin, education & Health

3,464554,7766,450,886Other Services

67,258£10,771,348125,248,234Total

Carbon Emissions

(t/CO2)

Energy Expense

(£)

Energy Consumption

(KWh)

Sector


Hardware Breakdown

67,258£10,771,348125,248,234Total

Carbon Emissions

(t/CO2)

Energy Expense

(£)

Energy Consumption

(KWh)

Bristol's Techno-footprint by hardware

50%

12%

30%

8%

PCs Peripherals IT Services Telecom Devices


Hardware Breakdown

33,7745,408,89362,894,103PCs

8,0641,291,46915,017,078Peripherals

19,9993,202,77437,241,556IT Services

5,421868,21310,095,497Telecom Devices

67,258£10,771,348125,248,234Total

Carbon Emissions

(t/CO2)

Energy Expense

(£)

Energy Consumption

(KWh)

Hardware


Green ICT


Activity A – Your Green ICT progress

Procurement

Data centres and servers

Cooling

Monitoring & targeting

Desktops & monitors

Paperless office

Unified Communications

Imaging

ImplementedDiscounted Not feasible following analysis

Never heard of or considered

Indirect savings

Management – technical

Comments

Management – people

Category


Activity A – Your Green ICT progress

Specifically addressing how and what ICT equipment is purchased, what energy considerations are considered, life-cycle assessments

Procurement

Blade servers, virtualisation, outsourcing, MAIDData centres and servers

Efficient cooling design, appropriate temperature settings, control systems, liquid cooling, fresh-air cooling

Cooling

Measuring power consumption of hardware, regular analysis and performance enhancement

Monitoring & targeting

LCD/TFT instead of CRT, standby and hibernation settings, Energy Star ratings, laptops

Desktops & monitors

Systems and processes, training, email management and filing, Electronic Data Interchange

Paperless office

Content management systems, updated phone systemsUnified Communications

MFDs, power off settings. B&W printing, duplex printing, remove faxesImaging

Teleconferencing, video conferencing, flexible workingIndirect savings

Such as changing settings, automated shutdowns, equipment audits, data storage management, redundancy over specification etc

Management – technical

This includes changing the way people work or use ICT, policy measures, strategic management approaches, awareness campaigns etc.

Description/examples

Management – people

Category


Green ICT Database

Category – Desktops and Monitors

● ● ●

Carbon & energy savings

● ● ●

Difficulty

Green IT, Velte, Velte and Elsenpeter

● ●With a thin client , the processing and storage duties are conducted at the server. The client just needs enough power to be able to display what is going on at the server…….

Thin Client Terminals

ReferencesCostFull DescriptionShort Description


Data centres – Virtualisation of servers

What is the issue?

-The principle is to consolidate multiple operating systems onto one server.

Barriers to virtualisation

-In large organisations servers are often purchased through departmental budgets (server hugging)

-Tenders often issue a performance spec for servers

-Tenderers can respond to this by overspecifying

-Spec should include a carbon emissions target.


Data centres – Virtualisation of servers

Benefits

-increase server utilisation to between 60 and 80% (from a base of 10-20%)

-The number of servers can be greatly reduced (in one example from 1,000 to 80)

-A larger number of CPU’s per server means a lower electricity bill and lower maintenance costs

-Less space required – typically 70% less

-Reduce electricity bill by 70%

-Reduce cooling requirement by 50%


Hampshire County Council Thin Client Terminals

•6,500 thin client terminals

•estimates they save 1,371,500 kWh/yr compared with using PCs

•735tCO2

•But excludes the additional power used in servers


Removal of all CRT screens in Bristol

Currently approximately 13% of screens still CRTs

Consume 61W compared to 33W when on

Replacing all CRTs with LCD screens will save 1,276 tCO2


Activity B – Group discussion

Think about barriers or issues that prevent implementation

What are the enablers?

What are the success stories?

What are your shared experiences with promoting Green ICT?


Plenary

What can Bristol City Council, Connecting Bristol and the CarbonTrust do to assist with the implementation of Green ICT across the city?

What should a Green ICT strategy for the city look like?

What additional tools and/or training would be useful?


Thank you

Technology

Bristol Ict Workshop2