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The integration of social software and BPM can help organizations harness the value of informal relationships and weak ties, without compromising the consolidated business practices embedded in conventional BPM solutions. This paper presents a process design methodology, supported by a tool suite, for addressing the extension of business processes with social features. The social process design exploits an extension of BPMN for capturing social requirements, a gallery of social BPM design patterns that represent reusable solutions to recurrent process socialization requirements, and a model-to-model and mode-to-code transformation technology that automatically produces a process enactment Web application connected with mainstream social platforms.
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BPMN and Design Patterns for Engineering
Social BPM SolutionsBPMS2 Workshop, Clermont-Ferrand Aug 29 2011
Marco Brambilla, Piero Fraternali, Carmen VacaDipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione
Politecnico di Milano
Contact:[email protected]
Outline
• Understanding the goals of social BPM
• Representing social BP requirements
• Eliciting recurrent solutions: social design patterns
• An example
• An architecture for the fast prototyping and engineering of SBPM
• Conclusions: ongoing & future work (+ demo)
Context and goals
•EU Funded Project, 2 years
•4 SMEs + 2 Universities
•Coordinator: Web Models (IT)
•Main deliverables• Methodology• Modeling languages• Reusable design patters• Forward engineering architecture• Cases, cases, cases…
www.bpm4people.org
A continuum from closed to open social BPM, where each organization can find the mix of control & flexibility it needs
The Social BPM Space
Closed BPM
Participatory design
Participatory enactment
Process mining
Social enactment
Process model decided top-down and hard wired, task assignment rigid, communication limited to task input-output
Process model resulting from merge of different models (e.g., merger&acquisition), task/flow variants
Actors are fixed, but can communicate with social tools (e.g., follow up a task, tweet on a task status, etc)
The community of actors can be (in part) open: e.g., launch a task to be executed in Facebook, find an expert in LinkedIn, vote for alternative flows
Tasks are executed freely (e.g., in a Wiki-like mode)process constraints are mined and progressively enforced by observing community behaviors
Participatory & social enactment
The contribution of “social” to the BPM lifecycle
Socialization goals
Modeltransformation
Design
Model
Deploy
Execute
Monitor
Optimize
Social BPM architecture
Weak Ties / Tacit Knowledge exploitation (e.g., team formation) Knowledge sharing (e.g., self-service technical support) Social Feedback (e.g., quality of service monitoring) Transparency: (e.g., legislation building) Participation: (e.g., participatory budgeting) Activity distribution (e.g., crowd-sourced work) Decision distribution (e.g., social CRM) Social BPMN
Socialization design patterns
Overview of the approachGeneral idea: Social BPM Design &
Implementation
Understand SBPM goals
Understand process socialization patterns
Refer patterns to goals
Automate pattern to application transformation
Analyze process improvement requirements
Map requirements to goals
Identify relevant socialization patterns
(Re)design process with social interactions
Identify & abstract social platforms to use
Map process model to application models
Refine application models
Map application modelsinto code & deploy
An
alys
is &
des
ign
Dep
loym
ent
Identify communities of reference
Representing Social BPM requirements
Idea: extending BPMN with stereotypes for expressing:
•The participation of dynamically enrolled actors ( social pools with different roles)
•The execution of activities by such actors (social tasks)
•Events for controlling the execution of tasks by social actors
Social BPM design patterns
•As in the tradition of BPM design patterns, they capture reusable solutions to recurrent socialization requirements
Dynamic enrollment
Poll
Design patterns and goals
•Socialization goals can be used as drivers for the selection of the social BPM design patterns that are more relevant to a process socialization effort (SBPM by example)
A complete example
•Models are amenable to be transformed into running applications, enabling fast prototyping and early assessment of alternative process socialization strategies directly by the stakeholders
•Model-Driven Engineering is the discipline that supports a generative approach to the creation and maintenance of application from abstract, platform-independent models
•Implementation exploited WebRatio (www.webratio.com), an industrial MDE tool that manages app development in three steps:
Model Driven Engineering of SBPM applications
Designthe Model
Customizethe Rules
Generatethe Application
Process Model
It is used to define:•Organization and roles•Activities and assignments•Business rules•Business workflowIt is based on BPMN notation
Application Model
It is used to define:•Page contents•Business logic•User interface & Visual identity•IntegrationIt is based on WebML modelling language
Two types of models concur to define the application requirements:
Models for BPM
Social Process Model
It is used to define:•Social actors (e.g., Community Pools)•Social Activities (twittering, voting, following..)•Social events
Based on BPMN social design patterns
Social Application Model
It is used to define:•Exchange of user profiles from/to SN•Social data (e.g., shared content)•Interface and components for social tasks (e.g., twittering, voting, tagging, following)
Based on WebML social components
Process and applications models are extended to incorporate social issues:
Model extensions for Social BPM
Pool
Lane
1La
ne 2
Follow
Vote
Generative approach and runtime architecture
IBMWebSphere
Caucho Resin
ApacheTomcat
OracleApplication
Server
JBossApplication
Server
Process layer
Servicelayer
Presentation layer
Datalayer
Integrationlayer
Standard JavaWeb application
Visual identity
Business layer
Social Network connection
services
Ongoing and future work
Ongoing work: reality check
•EU Parliament: IT requirement elicitation processes opened to all DGs
•NGO: consumers’ claim management and class action organization
•PA: participative territory planning
•Multinational company: social CRM
Future work
•Complete the implementation of model editor, model transformation, social WebML components
•Investigate SNA techniques for social task optimization
•Define social process improvement metrics and Social Activity Monitoring concepts
DEMO
http://www.bpm4people.org/cms/content/en/demos
