AWS Webcast - On-Demand Video Streaming using Amazon CloudFront

© 2013 Amazon.com, Inc. and its affiliates. All rights reserved. May not be copied, modified or distributed in whole or in part without the express consent of Amazon.com, Inc.

On-Demand Adaptive Bit-Rate Streaming

using Amazon Web Services

Nihar Bihani

Senior Product Manager, Amazon CloudFront


Agenda

Components of a Media Streaming Stack

Using AWS to Create a Streaming Stack

Demo: HLS & Smooth Streaming using Amazon CloudFront


Agenda





Ingest Media into the Cloud

Media companies traditionally

have on-premise storage

Tiered storage

Content owners cannot keep

up with scale – being forced to

look to outside storage

solutions

Need fast, inexpensive ways

to move content into the cloud

4


Storage & Archival

Scalability for content

expansion

Durability and media critical

performance

Policy based archival

solution

Compatibility with media

solutions


Transcoding / Transmuxing

Convert input files to multiple formats

• Multiple bit rates

• Multiple screen sizes

• Various Codecs

Prepare transcoded files for HTTP delivery (aka transmuxing)

• File level segmenting

• Virtual segmenting


Audio and Video Codecs Codec = “COmpressor”+”DECompressor”

Saves storage space and transmission bandwidth - Tradeoff is additional compute required

Lossy vs. lossless: depends on the task

Audio Video

Cap

ture

/

Ed

itin

g

• PCM (raw) • MJPEG

• MPEG-2

• AVCHD/AVC-Intra

• HDCAM HD

• Raw Data recording

• Apple ProRes 422 and Apple ProRes 422 (HQ),

• Avid DNxHD

• Sony’s DVCAM and XDCAM

• DVCPro

• RED .r3d camera files

Dis

trib

uti

on

• AAC, HE-AAC (a.k.a. MPEG2 Part 3, MPEG4 Part 3, ISO/IEC

13818-3, ISO/IEC 14496-3)

• MP3 (a.k.a. MPEG1 Layer 3 Audio, MPEG1)

• Older but still extremely widely used audio codec.

Supported everywhere and by most every device in

existence

• Vorbis (open source)

• H.264 (the current distribution format standard)

• Blu-ray, Internet VOD, HD live video broadcasting, etc.

• WMV (Windows Media Video)

• Flash Video (Sorenson H.263 for Flash)

• VP8 (On2)


Media File Containers

MP4 • MPEG4 system container, used by Quicktime and Adobe Flash. This container is quite versatile and has excellent support almost

everywhere (from phones to computers).

• Extensions: mp4, mov, m4v, m4a, m4b, m4p, f4v, 3gp, 3g2

• Synonyms: MPEG4 Part 14, ISO/IEC 14496-14

WebM / Matroska • A versatile container similar in concept to the MPEG4 system container. WebM uses a subset of Matroska to create a container

optimized for web media and HTML5. Adobe has also recently announced plans to support WebM in the Flash player.

• Extensions: webm, mkv

ASF • Microsoft’s Advanced Streaming Format

• Extensions: asf, wmv, wma

AVI • Microsoft's generic container format. This can generally store anything and everything. It has excellent support on most computers.

• Extensions: avi

FLV • Adobe Flash media container which is useful for storing legacy Flash content and for low-latency live streaming. Adobe's newer

format is F4V, a subset of the MPEG4 system container.

• Extensions: flv


Media Delivery Protocols Progressive Download (YouTube)

Traditional streaming formats (RTSP, RTMP, etc.)

“Pseudo-streaming“ • HTTP based, requires player logic and server suport

• Typically uses byte-range requests and/or query strings

Radio Streaming (Shoutcast, Icecast, etc.) • Don’t work well with CDNs – require a persistent connection

Adaptive Bit Rate (ABR) - HTTP Streaming • Microsoft Smooth Steaming - Xbox, Windows Phone, Silverlight, etc.

• Microsoft maintained/supported AMI available

• Apple HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) – iOS devices • Segmenters for live and VOD only run on iOS

• Adobe HTTP Dynamic Streaming (HDS) - Flash • Adobe maintained/supported AMI available

• MPEG DASH • Future industry standard

Good article: http://www.longtailvideo.com/blog/19578/what-is-video-streaming

http://www.longtailvideo.com/blog/19578/what-is-video-streaming








Stream Generation

Pre-encoded files directly from storage medium

• Suitable for popular content

• Less moving parts

Streaming servers for real-time transcoding/ transmuxing

• Turnkey solution

• Transcode / transmux only as needed

• Fewer files to manage

• Vendor specific value added services


Media Players and Devices – “Clients” Desktop/Laptop Smartphone/Tablet Living Room


Content Security Summary by Streaming Type

Authentication Player Verification

Network

Encryption

Content

Encryption DRM

RTMP

Streaming Token SWF Verification

RTMPE,

RTMPS,

RTMPTE

see DRM Adobe Access

HTTP Dynamic

Streaming Token SWF Verification SSL see DRM

Adobe Access &

PHDS

HTTP Live

Streaming none none SSL AES-128

Multiple

available

Smooth

Streaming Token unknown SSL see DRM PlayReady, etc.

RTSP/RTP Token unknown SRTP unknown unknown

MPEG2-TS Over RTP only unknown Conditional

Access AES-128 unknown

Le

ge

nd

Supported

Partial Support

Not Supported


Agenda





Using AWS to Implement Media Streaming

• Native Infrastructure services (Amazon S3, Amazon Elastic Transcoder, Amazon CloudFront, Amazon EC2)

• Partner solutions in AWS Marketplace

Well Formed Ecosystem

• Pay-as-you-go pricing model

• Capacity when you need it

• Global footprint

Cost Effective Scaling

• MPAA Security Best Practices Media Specific

Capabilities


Amazon S3

Images

Videos

Files

Binaries

Snapshots

Internet scale storage

via API

AWS Storage Gateway

S3, Glacier

Integrates on-premises IT and

AWS storage

Amazon Glacier

Images

Videos

Files

Binaries

Snapshots

Storage for archiving and

backup

Storing and Managing Your Media Assets on AWS


Amazon S3

Mezzanine File

Amazon Elastic Transcoder

Encode To Take Advantage of Commonality

Among Devices

• Faster onboarding of content

• Reduced storage costs

• Less content management

overhead

• Lowest number of encodes that

span maximum number of devices

• H.264 video, AAC audio

• Low quality, high quality and 720p

HD compression


Delivering Video Using Amazon CloudFront

All HTTP-based streaming protocols (HLS, HDS, Smooth Streaming, MPEG-DASH) supported

Video streaming-specific caching optimizations

Scalable to handle popular content

Global reach (50+ edge locations)

Native streaming support for Smooth Streaming & HLS

Joint solutions with streaming media ISVs

Granular customer access logs


Smooth Streaming Using Amazon CloudFront

Smooth Streaming is the latest addition to the set of video streaming technologies that CloudFront supports.

Content is encoded at multiple bit rates and stored in Amazon S3, one MP4 file per bit rate.

CloudFront will recognize and respond to the specially formatted URLs which comprise a Smooth Streaming request.

You don't need to run a streaming server!

More Info: http://aws.typepad.com/aws/2014/02/amazon-cloudfront-now-supports-microsoft-smooth-streaming.html

http://aws.typepad.com/aws/2014/02/amazon-cloudfront-now-supports-microsoft-smooth-streaming.html














Agenda





Demo Setup Architecture

HLS Segments S3 Bucket

Smooth Streaming S3 Bucket

Mezzanine File S3 Bucket

Mezzanine File

Amazon Elastic

Transcoder

Smooth Format File

Amazon CloudFront


Demo


Uploading Video File to Amazon S3
























Using Amazon Elastic Transcoder to Create HLS Segments






































Using Amazon CloudFront for Global Delivery

























•http://d3ak3zw7f80z4a.cloudfront.net/nasa_msl_launch/master.m3u8

• http://tinyurl.com/webinar-hls HLS Multi-bitrate

URL

•http://d3ak3zw7f80z4a.cloudfront.net/nasa_multibit/nasa_msl_launch.ism/Manifest

• http://tinyurl.com/webinar-smooth (works on

platforms with Silverlight support)

Smooth Streaming Multi-bitrate URL

http://d3ak3zw7f80z4a.cloudfront.net/nasa_msl_launch/master.m3u8

http://tinyurl.com/webinar-hls



http://d3ak3zw7f80z4a.cloudfront.net/nasa_multibit/nasa_msl_launch.ism/Manifest

http://tinyurl.com/webinar-smooth



Technology

AWS Webcast - On-Demand Video Streaming using Amazon CloudFront