FUTURE CITIES:

Ensuring world class civic amenities in urban India

Team details

Jitendra Kumar(team coordinator Hanendra Pratap Singh Dikshant Agarwal Chirag goel Akshay Kumar Saini

URBANISATION : ISSUE THAT NEED TALKING URBANISATION SCENARIO

According to the 2011 Census, the urban population

grew from 286 million in 2001 to 377 million in 2011.

The number of one million plus cities grew from 9 in 1971 to 35 in 2001 and may rise shortly to 47 such cities.

According to estimates by the government an estimated

50 per cent of the population (about 700 million people)

will be living in cities by 2025.

3 basic things to know

Where are we coming from?

Where are we today?

Where are we going in the

future?

In simplest words urbanisation is a process in which physical growth of urban areas increases either due to migration from rural areas or due to global change or any other action. before starting let us first try to understand some basic terms which are highly important for this presentation. Urban

Urban areas

Civic amenities

According to ministry of urban development report

published in 2010 on cities pointed out lack of civic

amenities and infrastructure-

A recent rating on sanitation by ministry of urban

development reveals that 190 out of 423

municipalities in India are on a brink of

environmental disaster.

4861 out of 5161 cities/towns in India do not even

have a partial sewerage network.

Less than 20% of road network is covered by storm

water drains according to –MoUD, Government of

India(2010b).

Only 21% of the waste water generated is treated

compared with 57% in South Africa.

The motor vehicle population in India has increased

100 times from 1951 to 2004 ,while the road

network has expanded only eight times.

PRESENT CIVIC INFRASTRUCTURE SCENARIO

The facilities provided by the governments and

municipal corporations for common people are

called civic amenities.

Examples: water supply, electricity, roads.

bridges, railways, roadways, and likes... the

utilities that are used by the masses / public.

Before we discuss anything here is a statement

of a person who basically handles all the urban

related issues and most probably know about the

current India’s urban situation better than any of

us.

“Indian cities are likely to house over 600

million people and account for 70 per cent of the

county's GDP over the next decade but they have

grown faster than the infrastructure required to

support them” , said Union Minister for Urban

Development Kamal Nath at the INDIA TODAY

Best City Awards 2013 in New Delhi on

February 22.

If we try to understand this

statement of honourable minister and the given

scenario of indian present civic infrastructure it

is very clear that we are having troubles in

providing the basic and world class amenities .

WHERE WE STAND

The reasons for slow urban development include policy biases against replacement of labor with industrialization, location of industries in urban areas, and urban concentrations. Other mazor reasons for slow growth in urban areas are as follows:

Inappropriate Technology Choice in Industry

Inadequate Increase in Rural Productivity

Labour Legislation and Small Industries

Reservations

Location Restrictions on Industries

Urban Infrastructure Investment

PROBLEMS AS WE SEE THEM

Housing

Urban water supply and sanitation.

Public transport.

Education

Waste disposal

Security

Electrical power, employability, women

safety, good environment and many others

etc.

HOUSING

What to do and how?

Barriers in implementing

Current scenario

o Ideally, slums should be cleared and modest housing apartment buildings constructed by the government to accommodate all the slum dwellers.

o Preferably the flats should be leased out at affordable rents to the occupants. This way the slum dwellers remain in the area where they used to live and the linkages among

the residents retained.

o With so much hike in market it is almost impossible to provide flats for people living at slums at an low price in the cities like Mumbai , Bangalore etc.

o The most important problem in all cities has been housing ,the sudden and large scale influx of migrants from rural areas to urban areas especially the metropolises and state capitals.

o Due to lack of housing, in every city almost fifty percent population live in slums.

o There should be proper means of water harvesting which can be used to restore the water which after suitable processes can be used for drinking purpose.

o And water harvesting must make compulsory in all states like it is in Tamilnadu. o Pipelining of drinking water supply must be check frequently so that if any problem

occurs it can be removed thus minimizing the water wastage.

o Proper caring and management of such a big system in big cities is really a very heavy job to do and great caring is needed.

o In India where there is no understanding and proper co-operation between different working society it is almost impossible to handle this type of problems until there is a

proper attitude toward working as a collective team.

o With the continuous increase in the urban population another problem related to drinking water supply and sanitation comes into existence.

o According to the 54th round of National Sample Survey (NSS) an estimated of around 20-25 percent households do not get drinking water properly almost all the time.

o In big cities like Mumbai there is need of bringing water from rural areas resulting in the Lack of supply for even the people of those rural areas.

Current scenario

What to do and how?

Barriers in implementing

URBAN WATER

SUPPLY &

SANITATION

o Metro rail systems are being set up at great cost for mass rapid transportation this network must increase and developed in all cities.

o The way forward is to restrict severely individual transport and increase manifold public transport both by road and rail.

o Public transport must be made much more efficient, regular, punctual, attractive and adequate. Then the need for individual transports will go down and the state would be able to put severe restrictions on use of individual transport as is being done in Singapore.

o For proper public transport we need wider and proper roads and bridges but due to increase in population space availability is becoming a big issue.

o Strict rules and laws are needed to increase public transport and reduce individual vehicles , but in our country where rules or system has no value and anyone can break

them on the power of money whenever they want it is a lot to do.

o Another major problem faced by people in urban areas is the lack of adequate public transport.

o Pedestrians and slow moving vehicles do not get sympathetic treatment either by the authorities or the other road users.

Current scenario

What to do and how?

Barriers in implementing

PUBLIC TRANSPORT

o Recycling the solid waste material and converting much of it into usable products seems

to be the best and only available solution at current time.

o it would greatly revolutionize the civic amenities provision if a method can be invented

to dispose of this waste at the site where it is generated.

o Most forms of recycling are little more than waste disposal, particularly if petrochemicals and other toxics are involved.

o Mobile phones usually have a short life of around 3-4 years without that much of harm but in developing countries like India where recycling is very costly we use them for far

longer period resulting in new harms.

o Another big problem that has arisen in cities has been the enormous amount of solid

waste generated. In a city like Bengaluru the solid waste generated daily is estimated to

be around 5000 tons. The collection, transportation and disposal of this huge quantity of

solid waste is posing serious problems to the municipality

o A new type of hazardous waste has come up in recent years, namely electronic waste.

Unserviceable cell phones, their accessories, other electronic goods, are being thrown

away indiscriminately Their disposal is going to become a very serious problem in due

course.

Current scenario

What to do and how?

Barriers in implementing

WASTE DISPOSAL

SOLUTION AT VERY BASIC As we cope with the kind of urban growth expected, it is of the utmost importance that city

governance and management is made much innovative, flexible and responsive. We need intelligent urban

governance since problems keep changing and need dynamic responses. Urban management needs to

become much professional and attractive so that the next generation of urban managers are the best and

brightest.

We do believe that the best strategy for making Indian urban areas world class we need to-

Make the city economy vibrant.

Promote employment growth

Take care of education

Take care of health

Take care of clean water &sanitation

Equalise public spaces

Provide security Reduce barriers to entrepreneurial entry

Take care of housing and public transport

But the very basic need is of Providing the best

infrastructure model

It is a system build of basic

and different components.

It works as a catalyst for the

growth of the

system(country).

It is technology based but

with a great care of

aesthetics.

It is visible, invisible and

experimental which are the

basic requirements of

infrastructure.

World class infrastructure that can provide world class amenities

World Class Infrastructure has its

specific Performance Standards.

It leverages the present investment to

give returns beyond normal results.

It is very flexible and expandable

according to the need.

It improves the quality of life and

maximize common people

involvement.

It always find out a way to maintain a

perfect balance among all its

components with best output.

Management

Vision and

Understanding of system.

A consistent commitment.

Positive attitude towards problems

and changes.

Risk taking abilities.

But world class infrastructure need something

STRONG INFRASTRUCTURE IS THE BASIC NEED Infrastructure is what makes a city livable. And an ideal City brings to you a world of amenities where

pleasure and peace becomes a way of life. Be it an efficient system of water treatment plant and supply

networks or the eco-friendly surroundings or Electricity Sub-Station or garbage disposal system, there

have taken great care of every aspect of your convenience to ensure complete satisfaction and create an

atmosphere of belongingness and blessings.

INFRASTRUCTURE The building block

for providing basic

amenities……….

CHANGES WE WISH TO BRING

our concept is to provide the cities casts urban performance as a function of the complex interplay between

systems composed of infrastructures, capital, assets, behaviour, and cultures ,spanning the economic, social,

technological, and environmental.

Overall welfare and present urban

condition will actually improve and increased in

almost every dimension that we can think of:

Income growth

Common people involvement

Reduction in poverty

Housing

Equality and

access to services like

electricity

water

sanitation

education

health

And facilities like-

Delhi metro

Singtel – City-wide Tourist Wi-Fi Network,

Like Singapore

And finally complete city management

will be present in every single city of

our country.

The ongoing process

of urbanisation and technical change will bring

many new challenges, including many that

cannot be foreseen today. We will certainly need

to learn how to manage their infrastructure

needs, both physical and social. We will need to

focus more than even before on the soft parts of

urban needs connected with health, education

and the provision of urban amenities.

According to estimates

by the government an estimated 50 per cent of the

population (about 700 million people) will be

living in cities by 2025. That means, the

government and other stakeholders face the

daunting task of providing world class

infrastructure facilities, connectivity, utilities and

access to basic/civic amenities for all denizens .

Since the central government and states alone

cannot shoulder the responsibility due to financial

and resource constraints, the role of private sector

hence becomes crucial.

References

United Nations study(1995).

Urbanisation and Globalization in the Twenty First Century: Emerging Challenges.

Ministry of housing and poverty alleviation Government of India.

Demographics of India- Wikipedia

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission